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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Immobilization of Enzymes by Polymeric Materials

Xingyi Lyu, +3 more
- 09 Oct 2021 - 
- Vol. 11, Iss: 10, pp 1211
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TLDR
In this article, the authors reviewed three primary immobilization methods: physical adsorption, covalent binding and entrapment, with their advantages and drawbacks, and included some polymer applications and their derivatives in the immobilization of enzymes.
Abstract
Enzymes are the highly efficient biocatalyst in modern biotechnological industries. Due to the fragile property exposed to the external stimulus, the application of enzymes is highly limited. The immobilized enzyme by polymer has become a research hotspot to empower enzymes with more extraordinary properties and broader usage. Compared with free enzyme, polymer immobilized enzymes improve thermal and operational stability in harsh environments, such as extreme pH, temperature and concentration. Furthermore, good reusability is also highly expected. The first part of this study reviews the three primary immobilization methods: physical adsorption, covalent binding and entrapment, with their advantages and drawbacks. The second part of this paper includes some polymer applications and their derivatives in the immobilization of enzymes.

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Taguchi design-assisted co-immobilization of lipase A and B from Candida antarctica onto chitosan: Characterization, kinetic resolution application, and docking studies

TL;DR: In this paper , the simultaneous co-immobilization by covalent binding of lipase A from Candida antarctica (CALA) and lipase B from CALB in glutaraldehyde activated chitosan (CHI) was optimized using the Taguchi method.
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Development of 3D Printed Enzymatic Microreactors for Lipase-Catalyzed Reactions in Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Media

TL;DR: In this article , 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) microwell plates or tubular microfluidic reactors were modified with polyethylenimine (PEI) and lipase from Candida antarctica (CALB) covalently immobilized in the interior of each structure.
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Enzyme co-localisation: Mechanisms and benefits

TL;DR: A brief overview of the main methods developed for enzyme immobilization, co-localisation, and conjugation can be found in this paper , where the authors discuss the effects emerging from bringing two sequential enzymes of a cascade reaction together, particularly when it speeds up reaction velocity.
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Nanomaterial Constructs for Catalytic Applications in Biomedicine: Nanobiocatalysts and Nanozymes

TL;DR: In this paper , the role played by nanomaterials in catalytic applications is analyzed to identify possible research directions toward the development of the field and the achievement of real practicability.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

A review of chitin and chitosan applications

TL;DR: Chitin is the most abundant natural amino polysaccharide and is estimated to be produced annually almost as much as cellulose, and recent progress in chitin chemistry is quite noteworthy as mentioned in this paper.
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A Literature Review of Poly(Lactic Acid)

TL;DR: In this article, a literature review is presented regarding the synthesis, and physicochemical, chemical, and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid)(PLA), with an orthorhombic unit cell.
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Poly(ethylene glycol) in Drug Delivery: Pros and Cons as Well as Potential Alternatives

TL;DR: PEG is the most used polymer and also the gold standard for stealth polymers in the emerging field of polymer-based drug delivery and alternative polymers will be evaluated.
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Enzyme immobilisation in biocatalysis : Why, what and how

TL;DR: An overview of the why, what and how of enzyme immobilisation for use in biocatalysis is presented and emphasis is placed on relatively recent developments, such as the use of novel supports such as mesoporous silicas, hydrogels, and smart polymers, and cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs).
Journal ArticleDOI

Enzyme immobilization: The quest for optimum performance

TL;DR: Different methods for the immobilization of enzymes are critically reviewed, with emphasis on relatively recent developments, such as the use of novel supports, e.g., mesoporous silicas, hydrogels, and smart polymers, novel entrapment methods and cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs).
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