Immunization of cross-bred cattle against Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum by purified antigens
30 Jul 2000-Experimental and Applied Acarology (Kluwer Academic Publishers)-Vol. 24, Iss: 8, pp 645-659
TL;DR: SDS-PAGE analysis revealed three antigenic proteins of 100, 59.4 and 37 kDa responsible for induction of resistance in the host and a significant decrease in the emerging nymphs and adults of the tick stages fed on immunized animals.
Abstract: Extracts prepared from unfed larvae of Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum were purified by immunoaffinity chromatography using anti-gut IgG as ligand. Affinity purified antigen (Aff-GHLAg) was used to immunize cross-bred (Bos taurus × B. indicus) calves of 6–7 months of age. Immunized calves rejected 70.6% larvae, 54.5% nymphs and 61.9% adults. No significant changes in the engorged weight of females was observed; however, significant decrease in the engorgement weight of larvae and nymphs was recorded. There was a significant decrease in the emerging nymphs (p < 0.05) and adults (p < 0.01) of the tick stages fed on immunized animals. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed three antigenic proteins of 100, 59.4 and 37 kDa responsible for induction of resistance in the host.
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TL;DR: The problems and opportunities for the integrated control of ticks of ruminants with special emphasis on livestock farming systems in India are reviewed.
Abstract: India is predominantly an agricultural country with about 70% of her population dependent on income from agriculture. Although India accounts for a significant share of world's livestock resources, livestock production is greatly affected by ticks and tick-borne diseases (TTBDs). Therefore, India represents a particularly interesting scenario for the study of TTBDs. Herein, we review the problems and opportunities for the integrated control of ticks of ruminants with special emphasis on livestock farming systems in India. Developments discussed in the review in the area of tick vaccines and other tick control measures should have an impact on the future of Indian livestock production.
120 citations
Cites background from "Immunization of cross-bred cattle a..."
...Immunization of animals with the isolated antigens conferred protection by reducing larval, nymphal and adult infestations by 70.6%, 54.5% and 61.9%, respectively (Das et al. 2000)....
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TL;DR: Integrated control of ticks is the combination of a series of complementary control measures to make the best use of each without placing too much reliance on any single component.
46 citations
TL;DR: The present review is focused on impact of Hyalomma species infestation on human and animal health with special emphasis on progress on its sustainable management.
34 citations
TL;DR: A full-length cDNA of a glutathione S-transferase (GST) was cloned from a cDNA library of the local Egyptian cattle tick Boophilus annulatus and comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that the sequence is closely related to the mammalian mu-class GST.
24 citations
Cites methods from "Immunization of cross-bred cattle a..."
...Gut, salivary glands and ovarian antigens were prepared according to the method of Das et al. (2000)....
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References
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: Procedures are described for measuring protein in solution or after precipitation with acids or other agents, and for the determination of as little as 0.2 gamma of protein.
289,852 citations
"Immunization of cross-bred cattle a..." refers methods in this paper
...The protein concentration of the antigen was estimated by the method of Lowry et al. (1951)....
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TL;DR: Using an improved method of gel electrophoresis, many hitherto unknown proteins have been found in bacteriophage T4 and some of these have been identified with specific gene products.
Abstract: Using an improved method of gel electrophoresis, many hitherto unknown proteins have been found in bacteriophage T4 and some of these have been identified with specific gene products. Four major components of the head are cleaved during the process of assembly, apparently after the precursor proteins have assembled into some large intermediate structure.
232,912 citations
"Immunization of cross-bred cattle a..." refers methods in this paper
...Total larval extracts and Aff-GHLAg were resolved by SDS-PAGE on 1.0 mm thick gel using a discontinuous system (Laemmli, 1970)....
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...0 mm thick gel using a discontinuous system (Laemmli, 1970)....
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: Using an improved method of gel electrophoresis, many hitherto unknown proteins have been found in bacteriophage T4 and some of these have been identified with specific gene products as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Using an improved method of gel electrophoresis, many hitherto unknown proteins have been found in bacteriophage T4 and some of these have been identified with specific gene products. Four major components of the head are cleaved during the process of assembly, apparently after the precursor proteins have assembled into some large intermediate structure.
203,017 citations
3,026 citations
"Immunization of cross-bred cattle a..." refers methods in this paper
...Antibody titre was measured by ID (Ouchterlony, 1958) and ELISA (Ghosh and Khan, 1997a)....
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...All the rabbits were bled intracardially on 17th, 28th and 34th day after first injection and the sera were stored at −20◦C. Antibody titre was measured by ID (Ouchterlony, 1958) and ELISA (Ghosh and Khan, 1997a)....
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: Microgram amounts of the responsible tick gut Ag are able to induce effective protection in cattle against the parasite, as shown by the decreased survival of ticks on vaccinated cattle and a reduction in engorgement weights and egg laying capacity of the survivors.
Abstract: Cattle can be vaccinated against the tick Boophilus microplus by inducing an immunologic reaction against Ag in the tick gut. The uptake of antibody during feeding leads to severe damage to the parasite. One of the responsible tick gut Ag has now been purified and characterized: the Bm86 Ag. It is a membrane-bound glycoprotein present in very low abundance in extracts of partially engorged adult female ticks. It has an apparent m.w. of 89,000, an isoelectric point of 5.1 to 5.6 and an affinity for wheat germ lectin. Microgram amounts of this Ag are able to induce effective protection in cattle against the parasite, as shown by the decreased survival of ticks on vaccinated cattle and a reduction in engorgement weights and egg laying capacity of the survivors. Antisera to the Ag react with the surface of digest cells in the tick gut. As a result of the reaction with antibody, the endocytotic activity of these cells, which is a critical step in bloodmeal digestion in this tick, is strongly and rapidly inhibited. A number of peptides from this Ag, produced by digestion of the reduced and alkylated protein with endoproteinase lys-C, have been sequenced. One peptide has significant amino acid sequence homology with the epidermal growth factor precursor and a second peptide has homology with a putative protective antigen from Plasmodium falciparum.
397 citations
"Immunization of cross-bred cattle a..." refers background in this paper
...microplus is the only detailed study of this effect (Willadsen et al., 1989; Fragoso et al., 1998)....
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...…that blood feeding ectoparasites may be damaged by an immunological reaction of the hosts against their internal organs is not new (Schlein and Lewis, 1976; Galun, 1987) but the work with B. microplus is the only detailed study of this effect (Willadsen et al., 1989; Fragoso et al., 1998)....
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