Impacts of high speed rail on railroad network accessibility in China
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated the impacts of high speed rail on changes in in-vehicle travel time and out-of-car travel time with respect to the policy changes that reduced the operating speed of HSR trains, rearranged the train timetable, and lowered the ticket fare on HSR train.
About: This article is published in Journal of Transport Geography.The article was published on 2014-10-01. It has received 215 citations till now.
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TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors investigated the influence of high speed rail (HSR) services on urban service industry agglomeration and found that higher levels of HSR service intensity have a greater effect on urban services industry.
223 citations
TL;DR: The results show that the HSR network largely increased overall connectivity according to the increasing Beta index and clustering coefficient, and decreasing average path length, and the centrality tended to intensify in large cities in terms of the WCC indicator, but intensify in small cities according toThe WDC and WBC indicators.
147 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the impact of the evolving HSR network on the accessibility by HSR and conventional ground transport of 333 prefecture-level cities and 4 municipalities, and employed three indicators of accessibility, and analyzed three Scenarios.
147 citations
Additional excerpts
...Cities with better accessibility are mainly concentrated along HSR lines, as Shaw et al. (2014) also showed using timetable data....
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...This tendency is called the ‘corridor effect’ (Shaw et al., 2014)....
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...The existing literature (Chen, 2012; Cao et al., 2013; Shaw et al., 2014) on the impacts of China’s HSR have also reported the existence of ‘‘uneven space–time convergence’’, ‘‘corridor effects’’ and ‘‘inequality in accessibility’’, but have not considered the increase in the degree of accessibility and internal inequality....
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TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated the impact of HSR on the economic geography of China and found that HSR has improved the accessibility of Chinese cities by 12.11% at the national level from 2009 to 2013.
Abstract: The rapidly expanding high-speed rail (HSR) network in China has produced and will continue to produce a progressive contraction of space by significantly shortening the rail travel time among major Chinese cities. Does economic growth follow the extension of HSR as a result of improved accessibility? This study investigates the impact of HSR on the economic geography of China. We find that HSR has improved the accessibility (as measured by weighted average travel time) of Chinese cities by 12.11% at the national level from 2009 to 2013. However, the accessibility benefit of HSR is not distributed evenly over space. Cities in the wealthy eastern region and with HSR access enjoy higher accessibility benefit compared with cities in the hinterland and without direct HSR access. Using a difference-in-differences analysis and an instrumental variable strategy to address the non-random placement of HSR stations, we also find that on average, HSR cities have experienced a significant increase in fixed asset investment after the inauguration of HSR service, which could stimulate future economic growth. The treatment effect of HSR on investment varies with city size. Second-tier cities with relatively large population bases benefit more from HSR in attracting investment compared with small cities and mega cities, which could experience marginal or negative investment growth.
143 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the ex post impact of the Beijing-Shanghai high speed rail (BJHSR) on housing values and found that the establishment of the BJHSR service has a considerable regional impact (including local effects and spillover effects) on house values in medium and small cities but a negligible impact in larger capital cities.
134 citations
References
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TL;DR: A tree is a graph with one and only one path between every two nodes, where at least one path exists between any two nodes and the length of each branch is given.
Abstract: We consider n points (nodes), some or all pairs of which are connected by a branch; the length of each branch is given. We restrict ourselves to the case where at least one path exists between any two nodes. We now consider two problems. Problem 1. Constrnct the tree of minimum total length between the n nodes. (A tree is a graph with one and only one path between every two nodes.) In the course of the construction that we present here, the branches are subdivided into three sets: I. the branches definitely assignec~ to the tree under construction (they will form a subtree) ; II. the branches from which the next branch to be added to set I, will be selected ; III. the remaining branches (rejected or not yet considered). The nodes are subdivided into two sets: A. the nodes connected by the branches of set I, B. the remaining nodes (one and only one branch of set II will lead to each of these nodes), We start the construction by choosing an arbitrary node as the only member of set A, and by placing all branches that end in this node in set II. To start with, set I is empty. From then onwards we perform the following two steps repeatedly. Step 1. The shortest branch of set II is removed from this set and added to
22,704 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a set of definitions related to the concept of accessibility are discussed and various operational forms of these definitions are illustrated with reference to the Hamilton, Ontario, urban area.
Abstract: Ingram D. R. (1971) The concept of accessibility: A search for an operational form, Reg. Studies 5, 101–107. The importance of the concept of accessibility in the literature of urban studies requires that a method be found of describing quantitatively the accessibility at a point. The paper is concerned with, firstly, a set of definitions related to the concept of accessibility. A distinction is made between the relative accessibility between two points and the integral, or total, accessibility at a point. Secondly, various operational forms of these definitions are illustrated with reference to the Hamilton, Ontario, urban area. The derivation of the various measures that are developed is discussed. A measure based on the normal, or Gaussian curve is recommended as the most suitable form for determining the integral accessibility at a given point.
611 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors conduct a review of various commonly used measures of accessibility, with a particular view to clarifying their normative (i.e. prescriptive), as well as positive (e.g. descriptive) aspects.
497 citations
TL;DR: Evidence is presented supporting the claim that China’s bullet trains are playing a role in facilitating market integration and protecting the quality of life of the growing urban population, and that this transport innovation is associated with rising real estate prices in the nearby secondary cities.
Abstract: Megacity growth in the developing world is fueled by a desire to access their large local labor markets. Growing megacities suffer from high levels of traffic congestion and pollution, which degrade local quality of life. Transportation technology that allows individuals to access the megacity without living within its boundaries offers potentially large social benefits, because individuals can enjoy the benefits of urban agglomeration while not paying megacity real estate rents and suffering from the city’s social costs. This paper presents evidence supporting the claim that China’s bullet trains are playing this role. The bullet train is regarded as one of the most significant technological breakthroughs in passenger transportation developed in the second half of the 20th century. Starting in 2007, China has introduced several new bullet trains that connect megacities such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou with nearby cities. Through facilitating market integration, bullet trains will stimulate the development of second- and third-tier cities. By offering households and firms a larger menu of location alternatives, bullet trains help to protect the quality of life of the growing urban population. We document that this transport innovation is associated with rising real estate prices in the nearby secondary cities.
300 citations
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that the high-speed train will certainly bring the peripheral regions closer to the central ones, but will also increase imbalances between the main cities and their hinterlands.
247 citations