Improving the performance of methylene blue sensitized photopolymer by doping with nickel ion
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of incorporation of nickel ion into the methylene blue sensitized poly (vinyl alcohol)/acrylamide (MBPVA/AA) photopolymer system was investigated.
About: This article is published in Optical Materials.The article was published on 2016-05-01. It has received 9 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Diffraction efficiency.
Citations
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TL;DR: New method for increasing the saturated dissolvability of photosensitizer PQ within polymeric media by introducing copolymerization monomer into the PQ/PMMA is reported on.
Abstract: Increasing photosensitizer concentration has been considered as an effective approach to improve the performance of holographic material. In this paper, we report on new method for increasing the saturated dissolvability of photosensitizer PQ within polymeric media by introducing copolymerization monomer into the PQ/PMMA. The photosensitizer concentration of PQ was increased from 0.7wt% to 1.3wt%, compared with the typical PQ/PMMA sample. Besides, we investigated performance of polarization holographic recordings in typical PQ/PMMA and copolymerization monomer-containing PQ/PMMA with the orthogonally polarized signal and reference waves. And the doping of THFMA component resulted in a significant improvement of diffraction intensity and photosensitivity. In addition, high-quality holographic image reconstruction was realized in our home-made material.
16 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a recording process and characterization of high efficiency holographic lens on nickel ion doped methylene blue sensitized photopolymer material is presented, which showed more than 85% diffraction efficiency in the blue, red and green regions at low spatial frequency.
8 citations
22 Mar 2017
TL;DR: In this article, a compilation of different photocyclic initiating systems for holographic grating recording when associated to monomers is reviewed. And the role of the photochemical properties of dye on the performance of the holographic recording material is investigated through time resolved and steady state spectroscopic studies of the PIS (e.g., nanosecond laser flash photolysis), highlighting the photochemistry underlying active radicals photogeneration.
Abstract: In this chapter, a compilation of different systems able to photogenerate active radicals toward polymerization reaction( type I, type II and three component photoinitiating systems) for application in holographic grating recording when associated to monomers is reviewed. In particular, the visible curable system is associated to fluorinated acrylate monomers formulation for creation of transmission gratings. The PIS efficiencies are presented in term of diffraction grating yields and compared to photopolymerization experiments. The special case of photocyclic initiating systems is described in details, its influence on the grating built up being discussed on the basis of selected mixtures using visible dyes, electron donors (e.g. amines), electron acceptors (e.g. iodonium salts) or hydrogen donors as coinitiators. The role of the photochemical properties of dye on the performance of the holographic recording material is investigated through time resolved and steady state spectroscopic studies of the PIS (e.g. nanosecond laser flash photolysis), to highlight the photochemistry underlying active radicals photogeneration. In order to get more insight into the hologram formation, grating formation curves were compared to those of monomer to polymer conversion obtained by real time Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (RTFTIR). This work outlines the importance of the coupling between the photoinitiating system (i.e. the photochemical reactions) and the holographic resin.
8 citations
TL;DR: The uniformity of their diffraction efficiency was shown to improve by using an exposure time scheduling method for holographic recording and a combination of peristrophic and angular multiplexing was used for storing 50 gratings in the material.
Abstract: In the present study, a series of holographic gratings were recorded in a single location of nickel-ion-doped photopolymer film using different methods of multiplexing. The uniformity of their diffraction efficiency was shown to improve by using an exposure time scheduling method for holographic recording. Thirty-five gratings were recorded in the 130 μm thick photopolymer material with M#=6.18 and an average diffraction efficiency of 3.24% using peristrophic multiplexing. In the next step, a combination of peristrophic and angular multiplexing was used for storing 50 gratings in the material with a dynamic range of 7 and a mean diffraction efficiency of 2.15%.
7 citations
TL;DR: In this article, Methylene blue (MB)/N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) and MB/1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2]octane (DABCO) were first adopted as initiator system in photopolymer film and compared their initiators system efficiencies with the common initiators MB/triethanolamine (TEA) by a self-established single-beam exposure setup.
6 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, it was demonstrated that the mechanism that gives rise to blinking is insensitive to the nature of the adsorbate and is likely to be a property of the nanoparticle, and two distinct broad luminescence-like (continuum) features also exhibited blinking and spectral diffusion.
Abstract: Temporal fluctuations in the Raman spectrum from molecules adsorbed to noble metal colloids (i.e., “blinking”) has been viewed as a single molecule signature. It is demonstrated here that silver colloids exhibit blinking that is independent of the nature of the adsorbate. Blinking was observed on silver colloids in the presence and absence of a SERS probe (e.g., R6G, BPE), sodium chloride, poly-l-lysine, an alkanethiol layer, and a liquid overlayer (e.g., water, methanol). These observations suggest that the mechanism that gives rise to blinking is insensitive to the nature of the adsorbate and is likely to be a property of the nanoparticle. Consistent with this idea, blinking was observed from vapor-deposited silver films and silver powders with no added molecular probe. In addition, two distinct broad luminescence-like (continuum) features also exhibited blinking and spectral diffusion, with no apparent adsorbate dependence. Evidence that SERS and the underlying continuum are associated is provided by a...
296 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a non-local material response model that predicts that the spatial frequency response might be improved by decreasing the mean polymer chain lengths and/or by increasing the mobility of the molecules used in the material.
215 citations
TL;DR: The effects of excitation wavelength on the optical properties of a luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) containing a fluorescent organic dye (Lumogen F Rot 305) are studied and the optical efficiency is shown to depend strongly on the Stokes shift of the fluorophore.
Abstract: The effects of excitation wavelength on the optical properties (emission spectrum and quantum yield) of a luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) containing a fluorescent organic dye (Lumogen F Rot 305) are studied. Excitation at wavelengths on the long-wavelength edge of the absorption spectrum of the dye results in redshifted emission, but the quantum yield remains constant at 100%. The origin of this effect and its consequences are discussed. The extent of the long-wavelength tail of the absorption spectrum of the dye is determined and the importance in reabsorption losses is shown. The optical efficiencies and photon transport probabilities of LSCs containing either an organic dye or a rare-earth lanthanide complex are compared using ray-tracing simulations and experiment. The optical efficiency is shown to depend strongly on the Stokes shift of the fluorophore. The lanthanide complex, which has a very large Stokes shift, exhibits a higher optical efficiency than the dye (64% cf. 50%), despite its lower quantum yield (86% cf. 100%).
130 citations
122 citations
TL;DR: The capability of polyvinyl alcohol-acrylamidephotopolymer materials to obtain angularly multiplexed holographic gratings has been demonstrated and an exposure schedule method is used to optimize the capability of the photopolymerizable holographic material and obtain holograms with a higher, more uniform diffraction efficiency.
Abstract: The capability of polyvinyl alcohol-acrylamide photopolymer materials to obtain angularly multiplexed holographic gratings has been demonstrated [Appl. Phys. B 76, 851 (2003)]. A combination of two multiplexing methods--peristrophic and angular multiplexing--is used to record 60 holograms. An exposure schedule method is used to optimize the capability of the photopolymerizable holographic material and obtain holograms with a higher, more uniform diffraction efficiency. In addition, because of this exposure schedule method, the entire dynamic range (M#) of the material will be exploited, obtaining values of approximately
M#∼9 in layers approximately
800 μm thick.
106 citations