In vascular smooth muscle cells paricalcitol prevents phosphate-induced Wnt/β-catenin activation
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Citations
High phosphorus level leads to aortic calcification via β-catenin in chronic kidney disease.
Sclerostin Serum Levels and Vascular Calcification Progression in Prevalent Renal Transplant Recipients
The molecular biology and pathophysiology of vascular calcification.
TGF-β Prevents Phosphate-Induced Osteogenesis through Inhibition of BMP and Wnt/β-Catenin Pathways
A novel role of cellular interactions in vascular calcification
References
Association of serum phosphorus and calcium x phosphate product with mortality risk in chronic hemodialysis patients: A national study
The cyclin D1 gene is a target of the beta-catenin/LEF-1 pathway
Cbfa1-independent decrease in osteoblast proliferation, osteopenia, and persistent embryonic eye vascularization in mice deficient in Lrp5, a Wnt coreceptor
Canonical WNT Signaling Promotes Osteogenesis by Directly Stimulating Runx2 Gene Expression
Human vascular smooth muscle cells undergo vesicle-mediated calcification in response to changes in extracellular calcium and phosphate concentrations: a potential mechanism for accelerated vascular calcification in ESRD.
Related Papers (5)
Frequently Asked Questions (15)
Q2. What is the role of calcitriol in VC?
Calcitriol increased the calcification, which ap-peared to be associated with the upregulation of the expression of osteoblastic gene markers as BMP2, Runx2, Msx2, and OC and the activation of the Wnt/ -catenin signaling pathway.
Q3. What did the cells show in HP?
Control cells showed immunofluorescence staining of -catenin only in the cytoplasm, whereas cells cultured in HP showed marked expression of -catenin at the nuclear level.
Q4. What is the effect of paricalcitol on VCs?
paricalcitol tended to suppress the calcification induced by phosphate; this is in marked contrast with calcitriol that worsens the calcification induced by phosphate.
Q5. What did the addition of calcitriol do to the HP cells?
Again calcitriol caused additional increase of Runx2 expression (P 0.05 vs. HP cells), whereas paricalcitol failed to increase the expression of Runx2 mRNA beyond the values observed in HP cells.
Q6. What did they show that calcitriol produced in VSMCs?
Jono et al. (19) showed that in VSMCs cultured with high phosphate, the addition of an increasing concentration of calcitriol produced a dose-dependent increase in calcification.
Q7. What is the role of a calcification of the HASMCs?
In the present study, the authors also show that calcification of the HASMCs is also associated with a concomitant activation of the canonical Wnt/ -catenin signaling pathway.
Q8. How long is the incubation of HASMCs in phosphate?
HASMCs are incubated for 9 days in a high (3.3 mmol/l) phosphate (HP) medium (calcification medium) alone or supplemented with either calcitriol 10 8 M (HP CTR) or paricalcitol 3·10 8 M (HP PC).
Q9. What is the effect of calcitriol on VCs?
in a model of uremic rats, the induction of aortic calcifications by calcitriol was partially reversible after discontinuation of calcitriol administration (2).
Q10. What was the cyclin D1 mRNA level in cells treated with HP PC?
In cells treated with HP PC, the cyclin D1 mRNA level was greater than in control (P 0.05) but lower than in HP and HP CTR cells (P 0.05).
Q11. What did the addition of calcitriol do to HP cells?
The addition of calcitriol to HP medium increased the nuclear content of -catenin; however, the addition of paricalcitol caused a reduction in the levels of nuclear -catenin to a level similar to that observed in control cells (Fig. 3A).
Q12. What is the role of the Wnt pathway in regulating growth and development?
Wnt inhibitors have shown early promise; however, given the central role of the Wnt pathway in regulating growth and development in many tissues, considerable work will be needed to ensure the safety of these new therapies (60).
Q13. What is the effect of calcitriol on osteoblasts?
By contrast, paricalcitol decreased calcification, which was accompanied by an inhibition of the Wnt/ -catenin pathway and downregulation of osteoblastic gene expression.
Q14. How was the rabbit anti-mouse antibody stained?
After being washed with PBS (3 5 min), specimens were incubated for 1 h with Alexa Fluor 488 F(ab=)2 fragment of rabbit anti-mouse IgG (1:500; ref. no.
Q15. What is the reason for the lack of uniformity in the literature?
Lack of uniformity in the literature may have resulted from differences in baseline cellular conditions, species employed, or even in the experimental conditions and stimuli applied (26).