Incontinência urinária e a prática de atividades físicas
01 Aug 2007-Revista Brasileira De Medicina Do Esporte (Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Exercício e do Esporte)-Vol. 13, Iss: 4, pp 270-274
TL;DR: The physical education professional has a basic role in the adequate orientation of exercises transforming this practice into a urinary incontinence preventive intervention among physically active women.
Abstract: The urinary incontinence is defined as "every involuntary loss of urinary". It happens with women more frequently, and is mainly caused by childbirths and gestations that can injure the muscles responsible for the women continence. Indeed, it is very common women who practice physical activities and sports to present incontinence. Many of these women abandon their activities to prevent discharging urine during these practices which causes shame, embarrassment besides interference with the performance during the exercise. There is no research that argues this subject in the area of the physical education. The objective of this study consisted in a bibliographical revision about urinary incontinence, analyzing its relation with physical activities and sports for women, the impact caused by the incontinence in these practices, and in what form the physical education professional can facilitate a more comfortable and safe practices to these women. The literature data on this subject is very recent, but they are enough to evidence that the physical and sport practices of exercises demanding a lot of efforts and high impact can lead to the urinary incontinence. The women who do not abandon their activities because of this incontinence use some strategies to prevent the discharge of urine, as the use of absorbents and water restriction. The physical education professional has a basic role in the adequate orientation of exercises transforming this practice into a urinary incontinence preventive intervention among physically active women.
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TL;DR: For example, this paper found that participants who participated in Olympic sport were more likely to report stress and urge incontinence, compared with those who did not participate in Olympic sports.
Abstract: Objective To determine whether women engaged in strenuous, provocative exercise are more likely to be incontinent in future life than similarly fit women who participated in less provocative exercise. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, female American Olympians who competed in swimming (low-impact group) and in gymnastics and track and field (high-impact group) between 1960 and 1976 completed a structured questionnaire. Primary outcome measures included the prevalence of the symptoms of stress and urge incontinence. Statistical analyses of results included χ 2 , Fisher exact test, two-tailed t tests, Wilcoxon rank sum test, and stepwise multiple logistic regression. P Results One hundred four women responded (response rate 51.2%). High-impact athletes were older (46.2 compared with 42.4 years) and were more likely to report incontinence when they were doing their sport as Olympians (35.8% compared with 4.5%) than low-impact athletes; low-impact athletes were more likely to be parous (83.3% compared with 60.7%). There was no difference in the prevalence of the symptom of stress incontinence between the highversus low-impact groups: any incontinence, 41.1% compared with 50%; daily or weekly incontinence, 10.7% compared with 8.3%; and incontinence that bothered them moderately or greatly, 10.7% compared with 4.2%. With our sample size, this study had 80% power to detect a fourfold difference in daily or weekly incontinence between groups, but only a 30% power to detect a twofold difference, given a baseline prevalence of 10%. When age, body mass index (BMI), parity, Olympic sport group, and incontinence during Olympic sport were entered into stepwise logistic regression analyses, only BMI was significantly associated with regular stress or urge incontinence symptoms. Conclusion Participation in regular, strenuous, highimpact activity when younger did not predispose women to a markedly higher rate of clinically significant urinary incontinence in later life.
94 citations
TL;DR: Women who attend gym and perform high impact exercises have a higher prevalence of urinary incontinence symptoms, independent of the exercise modality, than women who do not perform any high impact exercise.
Abstract: Stress urinary incontinence is a frequent complaint in medical offices and studies have shown that women who practice high impact sports develop its symptoms. To evaluate the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence in women who attend gyms and perform high impact exercises and correlate it with women who do not attend gyms. Prospective comparative study in which 488 nulliparous women of normal weight were divided into a Study Group, composed of women who attended gyms, and a Comparative Group, composed of women who did not attend gyms. Three questionnaires were used for the evaluation of stress urinary incontinence and the results of the ICIQ-SF questionnaire were used to compare the groups. There was a significant difference between groups on the ICIQ-SF. The average in the Study Group was 1.68 (+ 3.46) and in the Comparative Group the average was 1.02 (+ 2.69) (p = 0.006). Women who attend gym and perform high impact exercises have a higher prevalence of urinary incontinence symptoms, independent of the exercise modality, than women who do not perform any high impact exercise.
84 citations
TL;DR: A systematic review of the prevalence of UI in female athletes in different sports showed a 36% prevalence, and compared with sedentary women, the athletes had a 177% higher risk of presenting with UI.
Abstract: Urinary incontinence (UI) is any involuntary loss of urine. In female athletes, physical exercise may be a risk factor for UI because of increased intra-abdominal pressure generated during high-impact exercises, which overloads the pelvic organs, predisposing them to UI. This is a systematic review of the prevalence of UI in female athletes in different sports. A search for articles was carried out in the PEDro, Scopus, Cinahl, PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, Science Direct, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases as well as a manual search of the references of studies already published on the subject with the keywords “athlete,” “urinary incontinence,” and “women” in Portuguese and English. Only articles published from 2000 to 2016 were included. Observational studies assessing the prevalence of UI in female athletes were selected. Methodological quality was assessed using the Downs and Black scale, and the data collected from the studies were analyzed through meta-analysis. Eight studies met the eligibility criteria. Meta-analysis showed a 36% prevalence of UI in female athletes in different sports, and compared with sedentary women, the athletes had a 177% higher risk of presenting with UI. There is a higher prevalence of UI in female athletes compared with sedentary women. There have been reports of UI in different sports.
74 citations
Cites background from "Incontinência urinária e a prática ..."
...Similarly, our study found a 44% prevalence of SUI among the different sports described in the included articles....
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...[26] relate that athletes use strategies to minimize the loss of urine, like emptying the bladder before competitions, lowering the ingestion of liquids and restricting certain activities, and avoiding some types of exercise that cause loss of urine, like jumping and running, increasing the lack of female participation in certain sports [7]....
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...SUI was found to be a very common dysfunction among physically active women....
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...In addition, the lack of contraction of the pelvic floor muscles during exercises that increase intra-abdominal pressure, along with the continence mechanism impaired by the sports, may contribute to the occurrence of UI in this population [7]....
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...Studies mention that athletes should be taught to perform a pre-contraction or simultaneous contraction of the pelvic floor muscles while practicing physical activities, strengthening the muscles and preparing them for that function with the goal of preventing UI [7]....
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01 Aug 2011
TL;DR: Los datos obtenidos permiten acciones ampliadas para el atendimiento medico and the orientacion of mujeres with incontinencia urinaria.
Abstract: La incontinencia urinaria (IU) es un problema comun, afectando principalmente a las mujeres, y perjudica su calidad de vida. La finalidad fue investigar la calidad de vida de mujeres con quejas de incontinencia urinaria que buscaron atendimiento medico en ambulatorio de urologia de un hospital escuela. Se entrevisto a 43 mujeres con queja de IU y se cumplieron todos los aspectos eticos de la investigacion en seres humanos. La media de edad fue de 50,7 anos; 62,8% relataron perdida de orina entre 5 y 9 anos. Hubo muchos relatos de danos fisicos y psicologicos causados por la incontinencia urinaria: un 33,5% en la interaccion psicosocial; un 23,3% en la vida sexual; 41,9% depresion y aislamiento social; 27,9% alteraciones del sueno; 76,7% verguenza debido a la perdida de orina. Los datos obtenidos permiten acciones ampliadas para el atendimiento medico y la orientacion de mujeres con incontinencia urinaria.
23 citations
TL;DR: Home exercises contributed to the maintenance of continence following a physical therapy treatment for Stress Urinary Incontinence and functional assessment of the pelvic floor and urinary incontinence.
Abstract: OBJETIVOS: Descrever os resultados da pratica de exercicios domicilares para o assoalho pelvico em mulheres continentes nos quesitos avaliacao funcional do assoalho pelvico (AFA) e presenca de incontinencia urinaria apos um ano de tratamento fisioterapeutico. METODOS: Estudo observacional com 15 mulheres um ano apos o tratamento fisioterapeutico para incontinencia urinaria de esforco (IUE). As variaveis analisadas neste estudo foram: situacoes de perda urinaria, utilizacao de protecao diaria, manutencao dos exercicios domiciliares para o assoalho pelvico, AFA e satisfacao da paciente em relacao ao tratamento. Tambem foram investigadas algumas variaveis de confusao, como: estado hormonal, numero de partos vaginais e realizacao de episiotomia. RESULTADOS: Apos um ano do termino do tratamento fisioterapeutico, observou-se que a AFA manteve-se (Md=5; p=0,08). Quanto a presenca de perda urinaria, 40% da amostra relatou ser leve, nao sendo necessaria a utilizacao de protetores diarios. Observou-se tambem associacao significante (p=0,001) entre a pratica de exercicios domiciliares e o quadro clinico normal. As variaveis de confusao, que poderiam comprometer o quadro clinico, nao apresentaram associacao significativa (p≥0,05). CONCLUSAO: A realizacao dos exercicios domiciliares sugeridos demonstra ser uma variavel importante na manutencao da continencia urinaria ao final do tratamento fisioterapeutico.
19 citations
References
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TL;DR: The data are highly suggestive that leaking urine may be a barrier to physical activity, especially among mid-age women, and health professionals could be more proactive in raising this issue with women and offering help through non-invasive strategies such as pelvic floor muscle exercises.
126 citations
Journal Article•
109 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Three-months re-education treatment of genuine stress incontinence was given to 26 female outpatients to correct compensatory habits that patients used to conceal or reduce leakage accidents and to give specific education and strengthening of pelvic floor muscles.
Abstract: Three-months re-education treatment of genuine stress incontinence was given to 26 female outpatients: 22 patients completed the treatment programme and 4 interrupted it for various reasons The aims of the treatment were both to correct compensatory habits that patients used to conceal or reduce leakage accidents and to give specific education and strengthening of pelvic floor muscles All patients who completed the three-months treatment definitely improved and 7 were cured Accordingly a marked reduction or absence of weekly incontinence episodes as well as a reduction of the daily frequency of micturition was observed On vaginal palpation a clear-cut improvement of pubococcygeous muscle contractility was detectable Urethral closure pressure profilometry showed significant improvement of functional urethral profile length at rest and of maximal urethral closure present both at rest and during maximal voluntary contraction of the pelvic floor muscles Micturition cystourethrography, repeated in 15 patients at the end of the treatment, showed a clear-cut improvement of bladder neck suspension defects in all but 2 patients Follow-up assessments showed that the clinical effects were long-lasting Possible mechanisms of this re-educative technique are discussed
102 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: For example, this paper found that participants who participated in Olympic sport were more likely to report stress and urge incontinence, compared with those who did not participate in Olympic sports.
Abstract: Objective To determine whether women engaged in strenuous, provocative exercise are more likely to be incontinent in future life than similarly fit women who participated in less provocative exercise. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, female American Olympians who competed in swimming (low-impact group) and in gymnastics and track and field (high-impact group) between 1960 and 1976 completed a structured questionnaire. Primary outcome measures included the prevalence of the symptoms of stress and urge incontinence. Statistical analyses of results included χ 2 , Fisher exact test, two-tailed t tests, Wilcoxon rank sum test, and stepwise multiple logistic regression. P Results One hundred four women responded (response rate 51.2%). High-impact athletes were older (46.2 compared with 42.4 years) and were more likely to report incontinence when they were doing their sport as Olympians (35.8% compared with 4.5%) than low-impact athletes; low-impact athletes were more likely to be parous (83.3% compared with 60.7%). There was no difference in the prevalence of the symptom of stress incontinence between the highversus low-impact groups: any incontinence, 41.1% compared with 50%; daily or weekly incontinence, 10.7% compared with 8.3%; and incontinence that bothered them moderately or greatly, 10.7% compared with 4.2%. With our sample size, this study had 80% power to detect a fourfold difference in daily or weekly incontinence between groups, but only a 30% power to detect a twofold difference, given a baseline prevalence of 10%. When age, body mass index (BMI), parity, Olympic sport group, and incontinence during Olympic sport were entered into stepwise logistic regression analyses, only BMI was significantly associated with regular stress or urge incontinence symptoms. Conclusion Participation in regular, strenuous, highimpact activity when younger did not predispose women to a markedly higher rate of clinically significant urinary incontinence in later life.
94 citations
01 Jan 1999
93 citations