Increased Levels of Kynurenine and Kynurenic Acid in the CSF of Patients With Schizophrenia
Klas R. Linderholm,Elisabeth Skogh,Sara K. Olsson,Marja-Liisa Dahl,Marja-Liisa Dahl,Maria Holtze,Göran Engberg,Martin Samuelsson,Sophie Erhardt +8 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The results demonstrate increased levels of CSF KYN and KYNA in patients with schizophrenia and further support the hypothesis that KYNA is involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.Abstract:
Background: The kynurenic acid (KYNA) hypothesis for schizophrenia is partly based on studies showing increased brain levels of KYNA in patients. KYNA is an endogenous metabolite of tryptophan (TRP ...read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
A polygenic burden of rare disruptive mutations in schizophrenia
Shaun Purcell,Jennifer L. Moran,Menachem Fromer,Douglas M. Ruderfer,Nadia Solovieff,Panos Roussos,Colm O'Dushlaine,Kimberly Chambert,Sarah E. Bergen,Anna K. Kähler,Laramie E. Duncan,Eli A. Stahl,Giulio Genovese,Esperanza Fernández,Mark O. Collins,Noboru H. Komiyama,Jyoti S. Choudhary,Patrik K. E. Magnusson,Eric Banks,Khalid Shakir,Kiran V. Garimella,Timothy Fennell,Mark A. DePristo,Seth G. N. Grant,Stephen J. Haggarty,Stacey Gabriel,Edward M. Scolnick,Eric S. Lander,Christina M. Hultman,Patrick F. Sullivan,Steven A. McCarroll,Pamela Sklar +31 more
TL;DR: In this article, the exome sequences of 2,536 schizophrenia cases and 2,543 controls were analyzed and the authors demonstrated a polygenic burden primarily arising from rare (less than 1 in 10,000), disruptive mutations distributed across many genes.
A polygenic burden of rare disruptive mutations in schizophrenia
TL;DR: Analysis of exome sequences of schizophrenia cases and controls shows a polygenic burden primarily arising from rare, disruptive mutations distributed across many genes, suggesting that population-based exome sequencing can discover risk alleles and complements established gene-mapping paradigms in neuropsychiatric disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Kynurenines in the mammalian brain: when physiology meets pathology
TL;DR: With recently developed pharmacological agents, it is now possible to restore metabolic equilibrium and envisage novel therapeutic interventions on the basis of the kynurenine pathway.
Journal ArticleDOI
Kynurenine Pathway of Tryptophan Metabolism: Regulatory and Functional Aspects
TL;DR: The KP accounts for ~95% of dietary Trp degradation, of which 90% is attributed to the hepatic KP, and various KP enzymes are undermined in disease and are targeted for therapy of conditions ranging from immunological, neurological, and neurodegenerative conditions to cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Severe depression is associated with increased microglial quinolinic acid in subregions of the anterior cingulate gyrus: Evidence for an immune-modulated glutamatergic neurotransmission?
Johann Steiner,Johann Steiner,Martin Walter,Tomasz Gos,Tomasz Gos,Gilles J. Guillemin,Hans-Gert Bernstein,Zoltán Sarnyai,Christian Mawrin,Ralf Brisch,Hendrik Bielau,Louise Meyer zu Schwabedissen,Bernhard Bogerts,Aye-Mu Myint,Aye-Mu Myint +14 more
TL;DR: These results add a novel link to the immune hypothesis of depression by providing evidence for an upregulation of microglial QUIN in brain regions known to be responsive to infusion of NMDA antagonists such as ketamine.
References
More filters
Book
Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis II personality disorders : SCID-II
TL;DR: The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II personality disorders (SCID-II) as mentioned in this paper is an efficient, user-friendly instrument that will help researchers and clinicians make standardized, reliable, and accurate diagnoses of the 10 DSM-III personality disorders as well as depressive personality disorder, passive-aggressive personality disorder and personality disorder not otherwise specified.
Journal ArticleDOI
From inflammation to sickness and depression: when the immune system subjugates the brain
TL;DR: In response to a peripheral infection, innate immune cells produce pro-inflammatory cytokines that act on the brain to cause sickness behaviour, which can lead to an exacerbation of sickness and the development of symptoms of depression in vulnerable individuals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tripartite synapses : Glia, the unacknowledged partner
TL;DR: It is suggested that perisynaptic Schwann cells and synaptically associated astrocytes should be viewed as integral modulatory elements of tripartite synapses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human studies of prepulse inhibition of startle: normal subjects, patient groups, and pharmacological studies.
TL;DR: A review of the literature on prepulse inhibition (PPI) in humans can be found in this article, where a relatively weak sensory event (the prepulse) is presented 30-500 ms before a strong startle-inducing stimulus, and reduces the magnitude of the startle response.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mammalian nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: from structure to function.
TL;DR: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the advancement of functional and genetic studies in the late 1980s and the more recent revelations of the impact that the rich diversity in function and expression of this receptor family has on neuronal and nonneuronal cells throughout the body.