Induction of Airway Mucus Production By T Helper 2 (Th2) Cells: A Critical Role For Interleukin 4 In Cell Recruitment But Not Mucus Production
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...Multiple lines of evidence suggest that allergen-specific CD4+ Th2 cells play an essential role in initiating and generating these abnormalities (8, 17, 27)....
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...For example, in experiments using passively transferred in vitro polarized and activated Th2 cells, IL-4 plays an important role in T-cell recruitment from the vascular space and the migration of eosinophils from the lung into the airway, but it cannot account for the ability of Th2 cells to stimulate mucus elaboration or induce AHR to methacholine (17, 18)....
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References
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"Induction of Airway Mucus Productio..." refers background in this paper
...Th2 cells secreting IL-4 and IL-5 have been shown to be present and activated in the bronchial wall of asthmatic individuals (9, 23)....
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"Induction of Airway Mucus Productio..." refers background in this paper
...In addition, chemokines including RANTES, MIP-1a, MCP-1, and eotaxin, have been shown to have important roles in recruitment of lymphocytes and eosinophils to the lung (50, 51)....
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"Induction of Airway Mucus Productio..." refers background in this paper
...TNF-a has previously been shown to increase both VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression on lung endothelium (45)....
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...shown that IL-4 upregulates VCAM-1 expression on lung endothelial cells (45) and the interaction of VCAM-1 and VLA-4 on lymphocytes and eosinophils is critical for transendothelial migration of these cells to lung after antigen challenge in previously sensitized mice (44)....
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