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Journal Article•DOI•

Infectivity of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus for Embryonating Eggs

S. B. Hitchner1•
Cornell University1
01 Mar 1970-Poultry Science (Oxford University Press)-Vol. 49, Iss: 2, pp 511-516
TL;DR: The disease that Cosgrove (1962) reported as avian nephrosis has since been referred to as infectious bursal disease, and initial studies with IBDV observed that eggs from certain supply flocks would not support the growth of the virus, suggesting that parental antibodies from immune dams may have inhibited the virus.
About: This article is published in Poultry Science.The article was published on 1970-03-01 and is currently open access. It has received 112 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Infectious bursal disease & Serial passage.
Citations
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Journal Article•DOI•
Infectious bursal disease.

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H. N. Lasher, S. M. Shane1•
Louisiana State University1
01 Jul 1994-Worlds Poultry Science Journal
TL;DR: Infectious bursal disease (IBD), caused by an avibirnavirus, has been an economically significant, widely distributed condition affecting immature chickens since 1960.
Abstract: Infectious bursal disease (IBD), caused by an avibirnavirus, has been an economically significant, widely distributed condition affecting immature chickens since 1960. The classical type 1 conventi...

459 citations

Other•DOI•
Infectious Bursal Disease

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Nicolas Eterradossi, Yehia M. Saif
04 Oct 2013

266 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Infectious bursal disease (Gumboro disease).

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T. van den Berg, Nicolas Eterradossi, D. Toquin, G. Meulemans
01 Aug 2000-Revue Scientifique Et Technique De L Office International Des Epizooties
TL;DR: The authors provide an overview of existing knowledge on the subject to enhance available information on the epidemiology of IBD, the identification of reliable viral markers for diagnosis, and the implementation of specific control measures to ensure a global and co-ordinated approach to the disease.
Abstract: Infectious bursal disease (IBD) (Gumboro disease) has been described throughout the world, and the socio-economic significance of the disease is considerable world-wide. Various forms of the disease have been described, but typing remains unclear, since antigenic and pathotypic criteria are used indiscriminately, and the true incidence of different types is difficult to determine. Moreover, the infection, when not fatal, leads to a degree of immunosuppression which is often difficult to measure. Finally, the control measures used are subject to variations, and seldom follow a specific or standardised plan. In the context of expanding international trade, the authors provide an overview of existing knowledge on the subject to enhance available information on the epidemiology of IBD, the identification of reliable viral markers for diagnosis, and the implementation of specific control measures to ensure a global and co-ordinated approach to the disease.

225 citations

Cites background from "Infectivity of Infectious Bursal Di..."

  • ...Inoculation by the chorio-allantoic membrane (CAM) or the yolk sac route is preferable to the classical allantoic route, as the former give a greater yield of virus (56, 130, 147) ....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Current status of vaccines against infectious bursal disease

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Hermann J. Müller1, Egbert Mundt, Nicolas Eterradossi2, M. Rafiqul Islam3•
Leipzig University1, ANSES2, Bangladesh Agricultural University3
16 Feb 2012-Avian Pathology
TL;DR: New technologies and second-generation vaccines including rationally designed and subunit vaccines have been developed including live viral vector vaccines that have been licensed in several countries and are reaching the market.
Abstract: Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is the aetiological agent of the acute and highly contagious infectious bursal disease (IBD) or "Gumboro disease". IBD is one of the economically most important diseases that affects commercially produced chickens worldwide. Along with strict hygiene management of poultry farms, vaccination programmes with inactivated and live attenuated viruses have been used to prevent IBD. Live vaccines show a different degree of attenuation; many of them may cause bursal atrophy and thus immunosuppression with poor immune response to vaccination against other pathogens and an increase in vulnerability to various types of infections as possible consequences. Depending on their intrinsic characteristics or on the vaccination procedures, some of the vaccines may not induce full protection against the very virulent IBDV strains and antigenic variants observed in the last three decades. As chickens are most susceptible to IBDV in their first weeks of life, active immunity to the virus has to be induced early after hatching. However, maternally derived IBDV-specific antibodies may interfere with early vaccination with live vaccines. Thus new technologies and second-generation vaccines including rationally designed and subunit vaccines have been developed. Recently, live viral vector vaccines have been licensed in several countries and are reaching the market. Here, the current status of IBD vaccines is discussed.

188 citations

Cites background from "Infectivity of Infectious Bursal Di..."

  • ...The disease, also named ‘‘Gumboro disease’’ according to the location of the first outbreaks in Gumboro, Delaware, USA, was initially described as avian nephrosis due to damage seen in the kidneys (Cosgrove, 1962) but was later designated infectious bursal disease (IBD) according to varying morphologic and histological changes observed in the bursa of Fabricius (Hitchner, 1970)....

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  • ...With both vaccines, IBDV was associated with B lymphocytes, macrophages and follicular dendritic cells in the bursa of Fabricius and spleen, although IBDV complexing with specific antibodies caused a delay in virus detection of approximately 5 days (Jeurissen et al., 1998)....

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  • ...In susceptible chickens, IBDV initially replicates in macrophages of the gut-associated tissues, then primarily in proliferating B lymphocytes of the bursa of Fabricius (Müller et al., 1979)....

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  • ...Interserotypic reassortants, generated with virulent serotype 1 and apathogenic serotype 2 IBDV strains as the parental viruses (Oberländer, 2004; Zierenberg et al., 2004), did not cause severe damage in the bursa of Fabricius and induced high titres of serotype-specific neutralizing antibodies, making them potential vaccine candidates....

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  • ...…outbreaks in Gumboro, Delaware, USA, was initially described as avian nephrosis due to damage seen in the kidneys (Cosgrove, 1962) but was later designated infectious bursal disease (IBD) according to varying morphologic and histological changes observed in the bursa of Fabricius (Hitchner, 1970)....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Significance of bursa of Fabricius as target organ in infectious bursal disease of chickens.

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I Käufer, E. Weiss
01 Feb 1980-Infection and Immunity
TL;DR: The highly virulent strain Cu-1 of infectious bursal disease virus caused 100% mortality in 4-week-old specific pathogen-free chickens, and chickens infected after bursectomy did not become sick and only showed some discrete and transient necrosis in lymphatic tissues.
Abstract: The highly virulent strain Cu-1 of infectious bursal disease virus caused 100% mortality in 4-week-old specific pathogen-free chickens. In contrast, chickens infected after bursectomy did not become sick and only showed some discrete and transient necrosis in lymphatic tissues. However, these chickens contained infectious virus and, subsequently, produced specific antibodies. The virus concentrations in the organs studied reached their maximum 2 days postinfection, but were about 1,000 times lower in non-bursectomized animals. It may be assumed that in bursectomized chickens the early events of infection are the same as in non-bursectomized ones. Virus is spread in varius organs, but due to the absence of a sufficient number of susceptible cells, virus multiplication is moderate and can be kept in check by the host defense mechanism. With the occurrence of circulating specific antibodies the virus can be rapidly eliminated. The studies particularly stress that the availability of a large number of highly susceptible cells is a crucial point in acute viral infections.

147 citations

References
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Journal Article•DOI•
A simple method of estimating fifty per cent endpoints

[...]

Lowell J. Reed, H. Muench
01 May 1938-American Journal of Epidemiology

17,196 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
An Apparently New Disease of Chickens: Avian Nephrosis

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A. S. Cosgrove
01 Aug 1962-Avian Diseases
TL;DR: An acute disease of chickens with increasing frequency, which appears to be infectious and contagious, is characterized by ruffled feathers, watery diarrhea, trembling, and severe prostration.
Abstract: INCE the fall of 1957, in the Delmarva area, we have seen an acute disease of chickens with increasing frequency. This malady, which appears to be infectious and contagious, is characterized by ruffled feathers, watery diarrhea, trembling, and severe prostration. It seems to spread from pen to pen within a poultry house, and tends to recur in successive broods. The initial outbreaks occurred in and around an area known as Gumboro, in southern Delaware; hence, the common name of "Gumboro disease." The term avian nephrosis has been applied to this new disease because of the tubular degenerative lesions in the kidneys. Specific characteristic signs and lesions set off the condition as a definite entity.

428 citations

Related Papers (5)
An Apparently New Disease of Chickens: Avian Nephrosis

[...]

01 Aug 1962-Avian Diseases
A. S. Cosgrove
Studies on the pathogenesis of Gumboro disease in the bursa of Fabricius, spleen, and thymus of the chicken.

[...]

01 Oct 1967-American Journal of Pathology
Cheville Nf
A simple method of estimating fifty per cent endpoints

[...]

01 May 1938-American Journal of Epidemiology
Lowell J. Reed, H. Muench
Isolation and serological studies with infectious bursal disease viruses from fowl, turkeys and ducks: demonstration of a second serotype.

[...]

01 Jul 1980-Avian Pathology
J. B. McFerran, M. S. McNulty, E. R. McKillop, T J Connor, R.M. McCracken, D.S. Collins, G.M. Allan 
Immunosuppression by the infectious bursal agent in chickens immunised against Newcastle disease

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29 Apr 1972-Veterinary Record
W. H. Allan, J. T. Faragher, G. A. Cullen