Influence of Cations on Compressibility Behavior of a Marine Clay
01 Nov 1997-Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering (American Society of Civil Engineers)-Vol. 123, Iss: 11, pp 1071-1073
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the influence of exchangeable cations on the compressibility of a marine clay and found that the properties of marine clays are significantly affected by the valence and size of the adsorbed cations.
Abstract: The type of cations present in the adsorbed double layer of any clayey soil can significantly control the soil's compressibility. This technical note examines the influence of exchangeable cations on the compressibility of a marine clay. An experimental investigation of the compressibility properties of marine clays with a series of monovalent, divalent, and trivalent cations revealed large differences in behavior. The exchangeable cations employed in this study were sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), ammonium (NH4+), magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), and aluminum (Al3+) in order of increasing valency. The results indicate that the compressibility properties are significantly affected by the valence and size of the adsorbed cations. An increase in valency leads to a reduction in compression index, and at a constant valency an increase in the hydrated radii of the adsorbed cations resulted in an increase in compressibility. Further, it has been found that preconsolidation pressure increases with valency of the ...
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TL;DR: In this paper, the role of liquid chemistry on the swell and compressibility characteristics of bendonites and pure silica sand has been investigated, and two types of bentonites are mixed with pure Silica sand to compact them to 18 kN m−3 dry density at 8% water content.
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TL;DR: The marine clay had higher retardation factors and lower diffusion coefficients, and its hydraulic conductivity was more compatible with Cr solution, than that of the lateritic soil.
77 citations
Cites methods from "Influence of Cations on Compressibi..."
...The Cr solutions (trivalent cations) were used because solutions having higher valency would be expected to decrease the double layer surrounding the clay particles more effectively than species with lower valency, resulting in a higher reduction potential for the hydraulic conductivity (Mitchell, 1993; Mathew and Rao, 1997; Jo et al., 2001)....
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TL;DR: In this article, an extensive laboratory testing program was carried out to determine the properties of clean and contaminated lateritic soils using laboratory prepared municipal solid waste leachate was used in this study.
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: A review of recent research on the geotechnical properties (consistency limits, hydraulic conductivity, shear strength, swelling, and compressibility) of clay liners conducted with organic and inorganic chemicals can be found in this paper.
Abstract: This study presents a review of recent research on the geotechnical properties (consistency limits, hydraulic conductivity, shear strength, swelling, and compressibility) of clay liners conducted with organic and inorganic chemicals. Due to its low permeability, a clay liner is the main material used in solid waste disposal landfills. It is exposed there to various chemical, biological and physical events, and the clay liner is affected by the resulting leachate. The geotechnical properties of clay liners are closely related to the chemistry of the leachate. Therefore, when attempting to define the geotechnical characteristics of clay liners, the use of distilled water or tap water is far from being representative of the in-situ conditions.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a coupled diffusivity process to assess the physicico-chemical sensitivity of coarse-grained argillaceous mudrocks and showed that the coupling between chemical and mechanical properties may lead to further changes in their mechanical parameters.
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Cites result from "Influence of Cations on Compressibi..."
...It can be concluded, and has been repeatedly and experimentally verified in the geotechnical literature on clays (e.g. De Bruyn et al., 1957; Mitchell, 1991; Mathew and Rao, 1997) that changes in the double layer thickness affect the macroscale properties of fine-grained systems....
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Book•
01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: Soil chemical analysis, Soil Chemical Analysis (SCA), this paper, is a technique for soil chemical analysis that is used in the field of Soil Chemistry and Chemical Engineering.
Abstract: Soil chemical analysis , Soil chemical analysis , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
13,439 citations
01 Jan 1976
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed an understanding of the factors determining and controlling the engineering properties of soil, the factors controlling their magnitude, and the influences of environment and time, and developed a two-part book which contains the following chapters: Part 1 - the nature of soils; bonding, crystal structure and surface characteristics; soil mineralogy; soil formation and soil deposits; determination of soil composition; soil water; clay-water-electrolyte system; soil fabric and its measurement; Part 2 - soil behavior; soil composition and engineering properties; effective, intergranular
Abstract: The book is intended to develop an understanding of the factors determining and controlling the engineering properties of soil, the factors controlling their magnitude, and the influences of environment and time. The two-part book contains the following chapters: Part 1 - the nature of soils; bonding, crystal structure and surface characteristics; soil mineralogy; soil formation and soil deposits; determination of soil composition; soil water; clay-water-electrolyte system; soil fabric and its measurement; Part 2 - soil behavior; soil composition and engineering properties; effective, intergranular and total stress; soil structure and its stability; fabric, structure and property relationships, volume change behavior; strength and deformation behavior; and, conduction phenomena. /TRRL/
3,283 citations
3,085 citations
TL;DR: A revised and extended table of ionic activity coefficients, which has largely been computed by independent means, taking into consideration the diameter of the hydrated ions,* as estimated by various methods, is presented in this article.
Abstract: Lewis and Randall2 in 1923 published a table of 26 individual ionic activity coefficients, which has subsequently been of frequent use to chemists. The authors emphasized, however, that the presented values should be regarded as preliminary values only. In 1927 Redlich3 reprinted the same table, and no corrections were made even by Jellinek4 in his comprehensive textbook of 1930. It has been pointed out5 that the concept of individual activity coefficients cannot be defined accurately, and such coefficients may not even be determined experimentally without some supplementary definition of non-thermodynamic nature. But the concept may not the less be, and has often been, quite u ~ e f u l , ~ ~ ~ when estimating mean ionic activity coefficients in cases where great accuracy is not claimed. I t is the purpose of the present paper to present a revised and extended table of ionic activity coefficients, which has largely been computed by independent means, taking into consideration the diameter of the hydrated ions,* as estimated by various methods. For sufficiently dilute solutions one may use the well-known Debye-Hiickel formula (aqueous solution a t 25’)
1,413 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the volume change behavior of saturated kaolinite and montmorillonitic clays in the light of the modified effective stress concept which takes into considera- tion the interparticle electrical attractive and repul- sive forces.
Abstract: Synopsis This investigation deals with the mechanisms con- trolling the one-dimensional volume change beha- viour of saturated kaolinite and montmorillonitic clays. An attempt has been made to explain the behaviour of the clays in the light of the modified effective stress concept which takes into considera- tion the interparticle electrical attractive and repul- sive forces. Eight organic pore fluids of different dielectric properties and water have been used to vary the interparticle forces in the one-dimensional consolidation tests. In order to further confirm the nature of the mechanisms, tests have also been con- ducted in which the existing pore fluid was replaced by another of different dielectric properties, to change the force system at interparticle level. The experimental results clearly indicate that the volume change behaviour of these clays is controlled basi- cally by two mechanisms which are governed by the modified effective stress concept. In mechanism 1, the volume change is controlled ...
235 citations