Influence of quaternary combinations of biodiesel/methanol/n-octanol/diethyl ether from waste cooking oil on combustion, emission, and stability aspects of a diesel engine
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used n-octanol and diethyl ether as cosolvents and ignition improvers to improve the usability of methanol in diesel engines.
About: This article is published in Energy Conversion and Management.The article was published on 2021-07-15. It has received 50 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Biodiesel & Diesel fuel.
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TL;DR: In this article , the performance and emission characteristics of the premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) engine operated with induction of ethanol in the inlet manifold and direct injection of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-blended Tamanu methyl ester (TME) at various proportions such as 10, 40, 70, and 100 ppm in comparison with the conventional CI engine fueled with diesel and TME.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the suitability of tri-fuel blend (diesel, ethanol and di-butyl ether) prepared in various proportions was reported, which revealed better fuel economy and significant reduction in NOx and smoke emissions.
21 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the suitability of tri-fuel blend (diesel, ethanol and di-butyl ether) prepared in various proportions was reported, which revealed better fuel economy and significant reduction in NOx and smoke emissions.
21 citations
TL;DR: In this article , eight different concentrations of diesel, waste oil derived biodiesel (WOB), and 1-pentanol (P) ternary mixtures were determined by the design of experimental method (DOE).
Abstract: Higher alcohols can be included as a third component in biodiesel-diesel mixtures to improve fuel properties and reduce emissions. Determining the optimum concentrations of these fuels according to the purpose of engine use is important both environmentally and economically. In this study, eight different concentrations of diesel (D), waste oil derived biodiesel (WOB), and 1-pentanol (P) ternary mixtures were determined by the design of experimental method (DOE). In order to determine the engine performance and exhaust emission parameters of these fuels, they were tested on a diesel engine with a constant load of 6 kW and a constant engine speed of 1800 rpm. Using the test results obtained, a full quadratic mathematical model with a 95% confidence level was created using the Response Surface Method (RSM) to predict five different output parameters (BSFC, BTE, CO, HC, and NOx) according to the fuel mixture ratios. The R2 accuracy values of the outputs were found at the reliability level. According to the criteria that BTE will be maximum and BSFC, CO, HC, and NOx emissions will be minimum, the optimization determined that the fuel mixture 79.09% D-8.33% WOB-12.58% P concentration (DWOBPopt) will produce the desired result. A low prediction error was obtained with the confirmation test. As a result, it is concluded that the optimized fuel can be an alternative to the commonly accepted B7 blend and can be used safely in diesel engines.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the impact of the nature of hydrocarbon fraction blended with ethyl alcohol impurity concentrate on the final characterization of E85 fuel and, in particular, on its phase stability and Reid vapor pressure.
14 citations
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01 Jan 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present basic concepts and analysis of experimental data for basic electrical measurements and sensors, including Displacement and Area Measurements, Pressure Measurement, Flow Measurement and Temperature Measurement.
Abstract: 1 Introduction 2 Basic Concepts 3 Analysis of Experimental Data 4 Basic Electrical Measurements and Sensing Devices 5 Displacement and Area Measurements 6 Pressure Measurement 7 Flow Measurement 8 The Measurement of Temperature 9 Thermal and Transport-Property Measurements 10 Force, Torque, and Strain Measurements 11 Motion and Vibration Measurement 12 Thermal and Nuclear-Radiation Measurements 13 Air-Pollution Sampling and Measurement 14 Data Acquisition and Processing 15 Report Writing and Presentations 16 Design of Experiments Appendix A-Conversion Factors and Material Properties Appendix B-Digital Imaging Systems
2,943 citations
TL;DR: A detailed overview of recent results on alcohol combustion can be found in this paper, with a particular emphasis on butanols and other linear and branched members of the alcohol family, from methanol to hexanols.
676 citations
01 Feb 1979
668 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of using higher alcohols ranging from 3-carbon propanol to 20-carbon phytol on combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a wide range of diesel engines under various test conditions.
Abstract: Biofuels have grabbed the attention of engine researchers ever since the oil-crisis and escalating costs of petro-chemicals cropped up in the ׳70s. Ethanol and methanol were the most widely researched alcohols in IC engines. However, the last decade has witnessed significant amount of research in higher alcohols due to the development of modern fermentation processes using engineered micro-organisms that improved yield. Higher alcohols are attractive second/third generation biofuels that can be produced from sugary, starchy and ligno-cellulosic biomass feedstocks using sustainable pathways. The present work reviews the current literature concerning the effects of using higher alcohols ranging from 3-carbon propanol to 20-carbon phytol on combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a wide range of diesel engines under various test conditions. The literature is abound with evidence that higher alcohols reduce carcinogenic particulate emissions that are prevalent in diesel engines. NOx emissions either increased or decreased based on the domination of either cetane number or heat of evaporation. Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of the engine usually suffered due to low energy content of alcohols. A notable feature is that the combination of higher alcohols (like butanol or pentanol), high exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates and late injection timing enabled low temperature combustion (LTC) in diesel engines that can simultaneously reduce smoke and NOx emissions with improved engine efficiency. It can be concluded that higher alcohols reduce smoke emissions with their fuel-borne oxygen; enhance air/fuel mixing by offering long ignition delay and eventually replace fossil diesel (partially or wholly) to enable a clean and efficient combustion in compression-ignition engines. The chief thrust areas include developing mutant strains with higher yield, higher tolerance to toxic inhibition and low-cost substrates for fermentation. Further work is required in stipulating optimum blend-fuel characteristics and ensuring the long-term durability of the engines using these fuels.
454 citations
01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: In this article, a review of potential alternative fuels for automotive engine application for both spark ignition (SI) and compression ignition (CI) engines is presented, which includes applications of alternative fuels in advanced combustion research applications.
Abstract: This review paper covers potential alternative fuels for automotive engine application for both spark ignition (SI) and compression ignition (CI) engines. It also includes applications of alternative fuels in advanced combustion research applications. The representative alternative fuels for SI engines include compressed natural gas (CNG), hydrogen (H 2 ) liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and alcohol fuels (methanol and ethanol); while for CI engines, they include biodiesel, di-methyl ether (DME), and jet propellent-8 (JP-8). Naphtha is introduced as an alternative fuel for advanced combustion in premixed charge compression ignition. The production, storage, and the supply chain of each alternative fuel are briefly summarized, and are followed by discussions on the main research motivations for such alternative fuels. Literature surveys are presented that investigate the relative advantages and disadvantages of these alternative fuels for application to engine combustion. The contents of engine combustion basically consist of the combustion process from spray development, air–fuel mixing characteristics, to the final combustion product formation process, which is analyzed for each alternative fuel. An overview is provided for alternative fuels together with summaries of engine combustion characteristics for each fuel, in addition to its current distribution status and future prospects.
343 citations