Influence of thermal shock on the performance of B-staged epoxy bond coat for orthotropic steel bridge pavements
TL;DR: In this article, the impacts of thermal shock on the degree of cure (DOC), pull-off strength, hydrophilicity, glass transition temperature (Tg), damping performance, thermal stability and mechanical behaviors of the touch-dry BEBC were investigated.
About: This article is published in Construction and Building Materials.The article was published on 2021-08-02. It has received 13 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Thermal shock.
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TL;DR: In this paper , the performance and phase separation of epoxy asphalt binders and bond coats were analyzed using different models of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA).
31 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a reactive thermoplastic elastomer, epoxidized styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ESBS) was introduced into epoxy asphalt binder (EAB).
Abstract: Brittleness is an inherent shortcoming of epoxy resin which results in the longitudinal fatigue cracking of mixtures during the long service time of orthotropic steel deck bridges. In this paper, this problem was addressed by introducing a reactive thermoplastic elastomer, epoxidized styrene–butadiene–styrene copolymer (ESBS) into epoxy asphalt binder (EAB). Epoxy ESBS modified asphalts (EESBAs) with various epoxidation degrees were prepared. Double phase separation occurred in the EESBAs. In the EESBAs with 18% and 31% epoxidation degrees, most of ESBS domains dispersed on the edge of the secondary asphalt phase and in the epoxy phase. Furthermore, the size and number of ESBS domains decreased in the epoxidation degree. However, un-epoxidized SBS domains completely dispersed the asphalt phase and all ESBS domains moved to the epoxy phase when the epoxidation degree increased to 39%. In EESBAs, the average diameters of asphalt domains increased in the epoxidation degree. The inclusion of ESBS increased the viscosity of the pure EAB and the viscosity of EESBAs increased in the epoxidation degree. Nevertheless, all EESBAs had at least a 150-min allowable construction time. By adding 2 wt% ESBS with 39% epoxidation degree, the glass transition temperature (Tg) decreased. The Tg of EESBAs decreased in the epoxidation degree. The inclusion of ESBS greatly enhanced the damping properties of the pure EAB. The elongation at break and toughness of the pure EAB were remarkably increased by 263% and 93%, respectively, with the incorporation of 2 wt% ESBS with 39% epoxidation degree. Furthermore, the toughness of EESBAs increased in the epoxidation degree.
17 citations
TL;DR: Graphene oxide (GO) with 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 wt% loading was used to modify warm-mix epoxy asphalt binders (WEABs) as discussed by the authors .
Abstract: Graphene oxide (GO) with 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 wt% loading was used to modify warm-mix epoxy asphalt binders (WEABs). The thermal stability, structure of GO, rotational viscosity-curing time performance, dynamic moduli, glass transitions, damping ability, mechanical performance, and phase-separated morphology of GO/epoxy asphalt composites were investigated in the laboratory. GO significantly enhanced the thermal stability of the pure WEAB. X-ray scattering analysis revealed that GO layers were delaminated in the epoxy asphalt binder. GO accelerated the cure reaction of the pure WEAB and thus resulted in higher rotational viscosity of GO/epoxy asphalt composites. Furthermore, the viscosity of the modified WEABs slightly increased in the GO content. GO increased the dynamic moduli and Tgs of both epoxy and asphalt for the pure WEAB. However, the damping ability of GO/epoxy asphalt composites was similar to that of the pure WEAB. Confocal microscopy observations revealed that GO was dispersed in both asphalt and epoxy phases of the phase-separated WEAB. The asphalt domains in the continuous epoxy phase became more spherical and uniform with the existence of GO. Moreover, the dispersion of epoxy in the discontinuous asphalt phase became more evident. The mechanical properties of the pure WEAB were greatly improved with the addition of GO. The tensile toughness and strength of the pure WEAB increased by 31% and 33%, respectively, with the addition of 0.2 wt% GO.
13 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the impact of oligomer content on the viscosity, dynamic mechanical properties and mechanical behaviors of hot-mix epoxy asphalt binders was investigated by Brookfield viscometer and dynamic mechanical analysis and universal testing machine.
13 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors studied the preparation process, microstructural morphology, and mechanical properties of a newly developed thermosetting polyurethane modified asphalt binder (TPUA).
11 citations
References
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01 Jan 1981
TL;DR: In this article, P.K. Gallagher and R.E. Bessy films were used for thermal characterization of composites, and Wunderlich thermoplastic polymers.
Abstract: Thermoanalytical instrumentation, techniques and methodology, P.K. Gallagher the basis of thermal analysis, B. Wunderlich thermoplastic polymers, R.P. Chartoff polymer blends and block copolymers, H.E. Bair and A. Hale elastomers, A.K. Sircar thermosets, R.B. Prime fibres, M. Jaffe, J.D. Menczel, and W.E. Bessy films, M. Jaffe, J.D. Menczel, and W.E. Bessy thermal characterization of composites, R.J. Morgan thermal analysis of additives in polymers, H.E. Bair.
1,477 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the application of passive damping technology using viscoelastic materials to control noise and vibration in vehicles and commercial airplanes is described, and the material presented in this paper will be useful for instruction and further research in developing new and innovative applications in other industries.
570 citations
25 Apr 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe 3D polymer networks formed by the chemical reaction between monomers (curing), which determines the properties of thermosetting polymers: unlike thermoplastics, this kind of polymers does not melt, and once the network has been formed the material cannot be reprocessed.
Abstract: Epoxy resins are a family of thermosetting materials widely used as adhesives, coatings and matrices in polymer composites because of the low viscosity of the formulations, good insulating properties of the final material even at high temperatures and good chemical and thermal resistance (May, 1988). Epoxy thermosets can be described as 3D polymer networks formed by the chemical reaction between monomers (“curing”). This 3D covalent network structure determines the properties of thermosetting polymers: unlike thermoplastics, this kind of polymers does not melt, and once the network has been formed the material cannot be reprocessed. Maybe one of the main advantages of epoxy thermosets is that the starting monomers have low viscosity so that complex geometries can be easily shaped and fixed after curing the monomers. Thus the formation of the network via chemical reaction is a key aspect in this kind of materials.
343 citations
TL;DR: The use of fast FT-IR spectroscopy as a sensitive method to estimate a change of the crosslinking kinetics of epoxy resin with polyamine adducts is described in this study and a new epoxy formulation based on the use of polyamineAdducts as the hardeners was analyzed.
Abstract: The use of fast FT-IR spectroscopy as a sensitive method to estimate a change of the crosslinking kinetics of epoxy resin with polyamine adducts is described in this study. A new epoxy formulation based on the use of polyamine adducts as the hardeners was analyzed. Crosslinking reactions of the different stoichiometric mixtures of the unmodified GY250 epoxy resin with the aliphatic EH606 and the cycloaliphatic EH637 polyamine adducts were studied using mid FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. As the crosslinking proceeded, the primary amine groups in polyamine adduct are converted to secondary and the tertiary amines. The decrease in the IR band intensity of epoxy groups at about 915 cm-1, as well as at about 3,056 cm-1, was observed due to process. Mid IR spectral analysis was used to calculate the content of the epoxy groups as a function of crosslinking time and the crosslinking degree of resin. The amount of all the epoxy species was estimated from IR spectra to changes during the crosslinking kinetics of epichlorhydrin.
322 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize the most widely used definitions of free volume and illustrate the differences between them, including the important distinction between total free volumes and excess free volumes, and discuss the implications when alternative estimates for free volume are inserted into relationships that connect experimentally measured properties (e.g., the viscosity) to free volume, such as those proposed by Doolittle, Fox and Flory.
Abstract: In this Perspective we summarize the most widely used definitions of free volume and illustrate the differences between them, including the important distinction between total free volume and excess free volume We discuss the implications when alternative estimates for free volume are inserted into relationships that connect experimentally measured properties (eg, the viscosity) to free volume, such as those proposed by Doolittle, Fox and Flory, Simha and Boyer, Cohen and Turnbull, and Williams, Landel, and Ferry Turning to the results of our own locally correlated lattice (LCL) model, we demonstrate, by analyzing data for a set of over 50 polymers, that our calculations for total percent free volume not only lead to a predictive relationship with experimental glass transition temperatures but also allow us to place the different definitions of free volume within a physical picture of what the proposed contributions represent We find that melts go glassy upon reaching a “boundary” of minimum (total)
302 citations