Journal ArticleDOI
Information in Organizations as Signal and Symbol.
Martha S. Feldman,James G. March +1 more
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Arrow and Taylor as mentioned in this paper suggest that organizations systematically gather more information than they use, and yet continue to ask for more, and suggest that this behavior is a consequence of some ways in which organizational settings for information use differ from those anticipated in a simple decision-theory vision.Abstract:
We are grateful for the comments of Kenneth Arrow, Kennette Benedict, Robert Biller, David Brereton, Louise Comfort, Jerry Feldman, Victor Fuchs, Anne Miner, J. Rounds, Alan Saltzstein, Guje Sevon, and J. Serge Taylor; for the assistance of Julia Ball; and for grants from the Spencer Foundation, Brookings Institution, Hoover Institution, and National Institute of Education. Formal theories of rational choice suggest that information about the possible consequences of alternative actions will be sought and used only if the precision, relevance, and reliability of the information are compatible with its cost. Empirical studies of information in organizations portray a pattern that is hard to rationalize in such terms. In particular, organizations systematically gather more information than they use, yet continue to ask for more. We suggest that this behavior is a consequence of some ways in which organizational settings for information use differ from those anticipated in a simple decision-theory vision. In particular, the use of information is embedded in social normsthat make it highly symbolic. Some of the implications of such a pattern of information use are discussed.read more
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Organizational Learning and Communities-of-Practice: Toward a Unified View of Working, Learning, and Innovation
John Seely Brown,Paul Duguid +1 more
TL;DR: Work, learning, and innovation in the context of actual communities and actual practices are discussed in this paper, where it is argued that the conventional descriptions of jobs mask not only the ways people work, but also significant learning and innovation generated in the informal communities-of-practice in which they work.
Journal ArticleDOI
Organizational Learning: The Contributing Processes and the Literatures
TL;DR: The literature on knowledge acquisition is voluminous and multi-faceted as mentioned in this paper, and so the knowledge acquisition construct is portrayed as consisting of five subconstructs or subprocesses: 1 drawing on knowledge available at the organization's birth, 2 learning from experience, 3 learning by observing other organizations, 4 grafting on to itself components that possess knowledge needed but not possessed by the organization, and 5 noticing or searching for information about the environment and performance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Market orientation: The construct, research propositions, and managerial implications.
TL;DR: The literature reflects remarkably little effort to develop a framework for understanding the implementation of the marketing concept as mentioned in this paper, and the authors synthesize extant knowledge on the subject and pro-pose a knowledge-based approach.
Journal ArticleDOI
Behavioral intention formation in knowledge sharing: examining the roles of extrinsic motivators, social-psychological factors, and organizational climate
TL;DR: It is found that anticipated reciprocal relationships affect individuals' attitudes toward knowledge sharing while both sense of self-worth and organizational climate affect subjective norms, and anticipated extrinsic rewards exert a negative effect on individuals' knowledge-sharing attitudes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Capturing the Complexity in Advanced Technology Use: Adaptive Structuration Theory
TL;DR: Adaptive structuration theory (AST) as mentioned in this paper examines the change process from two vantage points: (1) the types of structures that are provided by advanced technologies, and (2) the structures that actually emerge in human action as people interact with these technologies.
References
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Peter L. Berger,Thomas Luckmann +1 more
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The Theory of Social and Economic Organization
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A Behavioral Theory of the Firm.
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A Behavioral Theory of the Firm
Richard M. Cyert,James G. March +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors advocate a theory based on empirical observation of actual firm decision-making, which provides a theory of decision making within business organizations, contrary to the economic theory of the firm, which sees firms as profit-maximizing entities.