Insights into the microbial degradation and biochemical mechanisms of carbamates
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the deep understanding of carbamate degradation mechanisms with microbial strains, metabolic pathways, molecular mechanisms, and their genetic basis in degradation has been presented, where a variety of bacterial and fungal species have been isolated and characterized and are capable of degrading a broad range of carbamates in soil and water environments.
About: This article is published in Chemosphere.The article was published on 2021-09-01. It has received 58 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Carbamate.
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TL;DR: Chryseobacterium sp. Y16C as discussed by the authors was found to completely degrade glyphosate at 400 mg·L-1 concentration within four days, and it was also found to tolerate and degrade AMPA at concentrations up to 800 mg·l-1, suggesting that glyphosate was first degraded via cleavage of its C-N bond before subsequent metabolic degradation.
54 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a review of the process of biofilm formation in microorganisms, their regulatory mechanisms of interaction, and their importance and application as powerful bioremediation agents in the biodegradation of environmental pollutants, including hydrocarbons, pesticides, and heavy metals.
44 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a microbial consortium, ZQ01, capable of effectively degrading acephate and its toxic product methamidophos, which can use acephates as a source of carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen.
42 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a microbial consortium, ZQ01, capable of effectively degrading acephate and its toxic product methamidophos, which can use acephates as a source of carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen.
42 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors focus on the removal of toxic pollutants using the cumulative effects of nanoparticles with microbial technology and their applications in different domains, and discuss how this novel nanobioremediation technique is significant and contributes towards sustainability.
36 citations
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TL;DR: The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP or WHO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
1,192 citations
TL;DR: It is more obvious than ever that the society needs the implementation of a new agricultural concept regarding food production, which is safer for man and the environment, and to this end, steps such as the declaration of Nyéléni have been taken.
Abstract: The industrialization of the agricultural sector has increased the chemical burden on natural ecosystems. Pesticides are agrochemicals used in agricultural lands, public health programs and urban green areas in order to protect plants and humans from various diseases. However, due to their known ability to cause a large number of negative health and environmental effects, their side effects can be an important environmental health risk factor. The urgent need for a more sustainable and ecological approach has produced many innovative ideas, among them agriculture reforms and food production implementing sustainable practice evolving to food sovereignty. It is more obvious than ever that the society needs the implementation of a new agricultural concept regarding food production which is safer for man and the environment, and to this end, steps such as the declaration of Nyeleni have been taken.
1,068 citations
TL;DR: Current and future increase in food production must go along with production of food with better quality and with less toxic contaminants, which requires more cautious use of agrochemical through prior testing, careful risk assessment, and licensing.
Abstract: Agrochemicals have enabled to more than duplicate food production during the last century, and the current need to increase food production to feed a rapid growing human population maintains pressure on the intensive use of pesticides and fertilizers. However, worldwide surveys have documented the contamination and impact of agrochemical residues in soils, and terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems including coastal marine systems, and their toxic effects on humans and nonhuman biota. Although persistent organic chemicals have been phased out and replaced by more biodegradable chemicals, contamination by legacy residues and recent residues still impacts on the quality of human food, water, and environment. Current and future increase in food production must go along with production of food with better quality and with less toxic contaminants. Alternative paths to the intensive use of crop protection chemicals are open, such as genetically engineered organisms, organic farming, change of dietary habits, and development of food technologies. Agro industries need to further develop advanced practices to protect public health, which requires more cautious use of agrochemicals through prior testing, careful risk assessment, and licensing, but also through education of farmers and users in general, measures for better protection of ecosystems, and good practices for sustainable development of agriculture, fisheries, and aquaculture. Enhanced scientific research for new developments in food production and food safety, as well as for environmental protection, is a necessary part of this endeavor. Furthermore, worldwide agreement on good agriculture practices, including development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and their release for international agriculture, may be urgent to ensure the success of safe food production.
918 citations
TL;DR: Esterases represent a diverse group of hydrolases catalyzing the cleavage and formation of ester bonds and are widely distributed in animals, plants and microorganisms and special emphasis is given on their application in organic synthesis for the resolution of racemates and prostereogenic compounds.
Abstract: Esterases (EC 3.1.1.x) represent a diverse group of hydrolases catalyzing the cleavage and formation of ester bonds and are widely distributed in animals, plants and microorganisms. Beside lipases, a considerable number of microbial carboxyl esterases have also been discovered and overexpressed. This review summarizes their properties and classification. Special emphasis is given on their application in organic synthesis for the resolution of racemates and prostereogenic compounds. In addition, recent results for altering their properties by directed evolution are presented.
834 citations
TL;DR: The two major approaches to enhance bioremediation are biostimulation and bioaugmentation provided that environmental factors, which determine the success of biOREmediation, are maintained at optimal range.
Abstract: Environmental pollution has been on the rise in the past few decades owing to increased human activities on energy reservoirs, unsafe agricultural practices and rapid industrialization. Amongst the pollutants that are of environmental and public health concerns due to their toxicities are: heavy metals, nuclear wastes, pesticides, green house gases, and hydrocarbons. Remediation of polluted sites using microbial process (bioremediation) has proven effective and reliable due to its eco-friendly features. Bioremediation can either be carried out ex situ or in situ, depending on several factors, which include but not limited to cost, site characteristics, type and concentration of pollutants. Generally, ex situ techniques apparently are more expensive compared to in situ techniques as a result of additional cost attributable to excavation. However, cost of on-site installation of equipment, and inability to effectively visualize and control the subsurface of polluted sites are of major concerns when carrying out in situ bioremediation. Therefore, choosing appropriate bioremediation technique, which will effectively reduce pollutant concentrations to an innocuous state, is crucial for a successful bioremediation project. Furthermore, the two major approaches to enhance bioremediation are biostimulation and bioaugmentation provided that environmental factors, which determine the success of bioremediation, are maintained at optimal range. This review provides more insight into the two major bioremediation techniques, their principles, advantages, limitations and prospects.
799 citations