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Journal ArticleDOI

Institutions of Higher Education: Cornerstones in Building Ethical Organizations

01 Feb 2002-Teaching Business Ethics (Kluwer Academic Publishers)-Vol. 6, Iss: 1, pp 101-116
TL;DR: In this article, the concepts of Praxis and Contrast experience and their role in education are discussed and the importance of and opportunities for service learning are considered to be a central theme in developing ethical graduates.
Abstract: Ethical organizations have a competitiveadvantage in the marketplace The merepresence of a statement of ethics isinadequate Deeds and actions are alsonecessary A critical component in building anethical culture in organizations is therecruitment and retention of ethical employees The best and most readily available sources ofsuch personnel are higher educationinstitutions that have strong ethical culturesand skilled graduates This paper addresses indicators of highereducation institutions having strong ethicalcultures The paper discusses the concepts ofpraxis and contrast experience and their role in education The importance of andopportunities for service learning areconsidered to be a central theme in developingethical graduates We conclude thatinstitutions of higher education that live theethics and values contained in their missionstatements produce graduates who are highlyvalued and sought by ethical organizations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A survey of business students, deans of the top business schools, and business ethics subject matter experts about ten ethical outcomes was conducted by as mentioned in this paper, and five specific recommendations were made to encourage business ethics faculty and decision makers to improve the teaching of business ethics.
Abstract: Unethical conduct has reached crisis proportions in business (Walker et al., Wall Str J East Edn, 258(37):A1–A10, 2011) and on today’s college campuses (Burke et al., CPA J, 77(5):58–65, 2007). Despite the evidence that suggests that more than half of business students admit to dishonest practices (McCabe et al. 2006), only about 5 % of business school deans surveyed believe that dishonesty is a problem at their schools (Brown et al., Coll Stud J A, 44(2):299–308, 2010). In addition, the AACSB which establishes standards for accredited business schools has resisted the urging of deans and business experts to require business schools to teach an ethics class, and fewer than one-third of businesses schools now teach a business ethics course at the graduate or undergraduate levels (Swanson and Fisher, Advancing Business Ethics Education, 2008). In this paper we briefly introduce the status of business ethics education and report the results of a survey of business students, deans of the top business schools, and business ethics subject matter experts about ten ethical outcomes. We then offer five specific recommendations to encourage business ethics faculty and decision makers to improve the teaching of business ethics.

100 citations


Cites background from "Institutions of Higher Education: C..."

  • ...Establishing a culture within a business school that reinforces integrity and honesty has been successfully implemented at a few noteworthy institutions (Procario-Foley and Bean 2002; Datar et al. 2010)....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors introduce the problem of academic integrity as a holistic issue that requires creating a cultural change involving students, faculty, and administrators in an integrated process Integrating the extensive literature from other scholars, they offer a ten-step model which can create a positive culture for academic integrity.
Abstract: The problem of academic dishonesty in Business Schools has risen to the level of a crisis according to some authors, with the incidence of reports on student cheating rising to more than half of all the business students In this article we introduce the problem of academic integrity as a holistic issue that requires creating a␣cultural change involving students, faculty, and administrators in an integrated process Integrating the extensive literature from other scholars, we offer a ten-step model which can create a positive culture for academic integrity The successful implementation of a well-crafted academic integrity program can have a positive impact on business schools and improve the reputation of tomorrow’s business leaders

75 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the concept of business school citizenship (BSC) has been introduced, and the authors have analyzed the citizenship activities of private firms, but what of their own institutions?
Abstract: Business and society scholars have analyzed the citizenship activities of private firms, but what of their own institutions? This article introduces the concept of business school citizenship (BSC)...

62 citations


Cites background from "Institutions of Higher Education: C..."

  • ...Institutions of higher education serve an important role in creating this norm of social responsibility and in building ethical organizations—so much so that they are considered the “cornerstones” (Procario-Foley & Bean, 2002)....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a "how to" guide for developing and teaching a service-learning course in social entrepreneurship and community leadership, where a unique aspect of the course, the pairing of graduate student mentors with high school student proteges within teams, is described.
Abstract: This article provides a “how to” guide for developing and teaching a service-learning course in social entrepreneurship and community leadership. As the framework of the course, service-learning operates through faculty to student, student to student, and student to client interactions. The discussion articulates the planning and faculty commitment necessary as well as the goals, objectives, project examples, and outcomes associated with the class. A unique aspect of the course, the pairing of graduate student mentors with high school student proteges within teams, is described. The service-learning activities required throughout the course are generalizable to several management education contexts that wish to enhance learning and leadership by creating partnerships between the university, its students, and its community.

60 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
James Weber1
TL;DR: In this article, a case study of the Duquesne University schools of business attempted to introduce, integrate, and promote its own ethics program, and traces the business school's attention to mission statements, curriculum development, ethics policy, program oversight and outcome assessment.
Abstract: This paper acknowledges the paucity of attention regarding the development of ethics programs within an academic environment and describes in a case study how the Duquesne University schools of business attempted to introduce, integrate and promote its own ethics program. The paper traces the business school’s attention to mission statements, curriculum development, ethics policy, program oversight and outcome assessment. Lessons learned are offered as suggestions for others seeking to develop and implement an ethics program in their school.

57 citations


Cites background from "Institutions of Higher Education: C..."

  • ...…institutions play in benefiting business organizations by supplying them with potential employees entrusted with an ethical or moral character (Procario-Foley and Bean, 2002), as well as their own moral obligation to embody strong ethical values as a leading institution in our society, as…...

    [...]

  • ...…contribute to the creation or maintenance of an ethical business culture since ‘‘institutions of higher education that live the ethics and values contained in their mission statements produce graduates who are highly valued and sought by ethical organizations’’ (Procario-Foley and Bean, 2002: 101)....

    [...]

References
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Posted Content
TL;DR: Prospect theory as mentioned in this paper is an alternative to the classical utility theory of choice, and has been used to explain many complex, real-world puzzles, such as the principles of legal compensation, the equity premium puzzle in financial markets, and the number of hours that New York cab drivers choose to drive on rainy days.
Abstract: This book presents the definitive exposition of 'prospect theory', a compelling alternative to the classical utility theory of choice. Building on the 1982 volume, Judgement Under Uncertainty, this book brings together seminal papers on prospect theory from economists, decision theorists, and psychologists, including the work of the late Amos Tversky, whose contributions are collected here for the first time. While remaining within a rational choice framework, prospect theory delivers more accurate, empirically verified predictions in key test cases, as well as helping to explain many complex, real-world puzzles. In this volume, it is brought to bear on phenomena as diverse as the principles of legal compensation, the equity premium puzzle in financial markets, and the number of hours that New York cab drivers choose to drive on rainy days. Theoretically elegant and empirically robust, this volume shows how prospect theory has matured into a new science of decision making.

7,802 citations

Book
25 Sep 2000
TL;DR: In this paper, the cognitive and psychophysical determinants of choice in risky and risk- less contexts are discussed, and the relation between decision values and experience values is discussed, as well as an approach to risky choice that sketches an approach for decision making that can be seen as the acceptance of a gamble that can yield various outcomes with different probabilities.
Abstract: We discuss the cognitive and the psy- chophysical determinants of choice in risky and risk- less contexts. The psychophysics of value induce risk aversion in the domain of gains and risk seeking in the domain of losses. The psychophysics of chance induce overweighting of sure things and of improbable events, relative to events of moderate probability. De- cision problems can be described or framed in multiple ways that give rise to different preferences, contrary to the invariance criterion of rational choice. The pro- cess of mental accounting, in which people organize the outcomes of transactions, explains some anomalies of consumer behavior. In particular, the acceptability of an option can depend on whether a negative outcome is evaluated as a cost or as an uncompensated loss. The relation between decision values and experience values is discussed. Making decisions is like speaking prose—people do it all the time, knowingly or unknowingly. It is hardly surprising, then, that the topic of decision making is shared by many disciplines, from mathematics and statistics, through economics and political science, to sociology and psychology. The study of decisions ad- dresses both normative and descriptive questions. The normative analysis is concerned with the nature of rationality and the logic of decision making. The de- scriptive analysis, in contrast, is concerned with peo- ple's beliefs and preferences as they are, not as they should be. The tension between normative and de- scriptive considerations characterizes much of the study of judgment and choice. Analyses of decision making commonly distin- guish risky and riskless choices. The paradigmatic example of decision under risk is the acceptability of a gamble that yields monetary outcomes with specified probabilities. A typical riskless decision concerns the acceptability of a transaction in which a good or a service is exchanged for money or labor. In the first part of this article we present an analysis of the cog- nitive and psychophysical factors that determine the value of risky prospects. In the second part we extend this analysis to transactions and trades. Risky Choice Risky choices, such as whether or not to take an umbrella and whether or not to go to war, are made without advance knowledge of their consequences. Because the consequences of such actions depend on uncertain events such as the weather or the opponent's resolve, the choice of an act may be construed as the acceptance of a gamble that can yield various out- comes with different probabilities. It is therefore nat- ural that the study of decision making under risk has focused on choices between simple gambles with monetary outcomes and specified probabilities, in the hope that these simple problems will reveal basic at- titudes toward risk and value. We shall sketch an approach to risky choice that

6,015 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors found that consumers were more favorable toward the ground beef labeled as either "75% lean" or "25% fat" than those labeled as "25 % fat" when they actually tasted it.
Abstract: Consumers rated several qualitative attributes of ground beef that framed the beef as either “75% lean” or “25% fat.” The consumers' evaluations were more favorable toward the beef labeled “75% lean” than that labeled “25% fat.” More importantly, the magnitude of this information framing effect lessened when consumers actually tasted the meat. We discuss these results in terms of an averaging model, which suggests that a diagnostic product experience dilutes the impact of information framing.

1,144 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the empirical literature in order to assess which variables are postulated as influencing ethical beliefs and decision making and divide them into those unique to the individual decision maker and those considered situational in nature.
Abstract: The authors review the empirical literature in order to assess which variables are postulated as influencing ethical beliefs and decision making. The variables are divided into those unique to the individual decision maker and those considered situational in nature. Variables related to an individual decision maker examined in this review are nationality, religion, sex, age, education, employment, and personality. Situation specific variables examined in this review are referent groups, rewards and sanctions, codes of conduct, type of ethical conflict, organization effects, industry, and business competitiveness. The review identifies the variables that have been empirically tested in an effort to uncover what is known and what we need to know about the variables that are hypothesized as determinants of ethical decision behavior.

1,121 citations

Book
30 Mar 1998
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the ethical dynamics between leaders and followers in business and in society as a whole, and argue that power and authority in today's world stem not from position or coercion, but from trust, commitment, and values shared with those who are led.
Abstract: The chapters in this book explore the ethical dynamics between leaders and followers in business and in society as a whole. They argue that power and authority in today's world stem not from position or coercion, but from trust, commitment, and values shared with those who are led. The authors raise important questions such as: How do people give and get trust? What moral hazards are inherent in transformational and charismatic leader/follower relationships? What roles do deception and self-deception play in giving and receiving power? The reader will gain a better understanding of the complex moral interaction of leaders and followers and why healthy moral relationships between leaders and followers are central to effective leadership. Practitioners, academics, and students will find this passionate collection invaluable in understanding the exciting and often controversial field of leadership and ethics.

609 citations