Intellectual property rights business management practices: A survey of the literature
TL;DR: In this paper, a survey of the empirical literature regarding the use and management of Intellectual Property rights (IPRs) is presented, focusing on the US, Canada, EU, Japan and Australia and the protection of IP in specific industry groups.
About: This article is published in Technovation.The article was published on 2006-08-01 and is currently open access. It has received 232 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Intellectual property & Valuation (finance).
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TL;DR: A workflow-based approach to patent analysis is proposed, comprising the systematic analysis of a business process and the use of its functions for the identification of relevant patent documents.
Abstract: Business method patents represent a new and very serious challenge for technology management in the logistics industry, in particular for internationally operating companies. To provide some case-related insight into this field, we intend to analyse the utilisation of such patents in the context of intelligent sensor networks. We are going to develop several hypotheses and propose a workflow-based approach to patent analysis, comprising 1
the systematic analysis of a business process
2
the use of its functions for the identification of relevant patent documents.
One major finding is that relatively few logistics companies are active in this patent field. Accordingly – and this can be regarded as a challenge, which might apply to other industries as well – technology management in the analysed field has to balance between using inventions that are patented by its suppliers and subcontractors and patenting business methods of its own. If the latter is neglected, it might miss a major opportunity to deal with asymmetries in the international patent system, gain advantages and secure its companies’ freedom to operate.
11 citations
Cites background from "Intellectual property rights busine..."
...…empirical case study research on basis of literature research, patent database analysis of service companies, and selected in-depth case analyses Hanel (2006) IP rights in the USA, Canada, EU, Japan and Australia, and protection strategies for specific industry groups, among others financial…...
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured patent density of technology fields in the patent systems of the United States, the German patent system governed by the German Patent and Trademark Office (DPMA), and the European Patent Office (EPO).
10 citations
Cites background from "Intellectual property rights busine..."
...…exist in patent application behavior and actual patent usage between different patent systems (e.g. Cohen et al., 2002; for a comprehensive literature overview see Hanel, 2006; Candelin-Palmqvist et al., 2012), it is still an open question whether patent thickets coincide in all patent systems....
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TL;DR: The results indicate that intellectual property management is a fast-growing research field with theoretical roots in law, economics, and management and the most cited studies that form the intellectual core of IPM research.
10 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the influence of young consumers' religiosity on their attitude and intention towards digital piracy and find that consumers who are less religious are more receptive to digital piracy.
Abstract: The purpose of the current study is to explore the influence of young consumers’ religiosity on their attitude and intention towards digital piracy. Despite continuous efforts from the government and industries, global digital piracy is still on the rise with developing countries leading the way of the most pirated nations. Interestingly, religiosity is also highest in developing countries which is the focal aim of this study. Using a sample from Indonesia (n = 576), the largest Muslim population in the world, the present study found that religiosity significantly influences consumers’ attitude towards digital piracy, where consumers who are less religious are more receptive towards digital piracy. The results of this study will have important implications to religious leaders, software and music industry and public policymakers operating in developing countries.
10 citations
TL;DR: A descriptive overview of the economic structure of the global pharmaceutical industry is provided and exceptions (compulsory licensing/parallel importing) to the World Trade Organization's Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Agreement on intellectual property rights protection are reviewed.
Abstract: Developing country governments in Sub-Saharan Africa, South America and Southeast Asia, have legislated the controversial business practices of compulsory licensing and parallel importing of HIV/AIDS drug therapies – allowing for the domestic manufacture or foreign importing of HIV/AIDS generic drug therapies without the consent of the patent holding pharmaceutical industry companies. This article provides a descriptive overview of the economic structure of the global pharmaceutical industry and reviews exceptions (compulsory licensing/parallel importing) to the World Trade Organization's Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Agreement on intellectual property rights protection. The article also explains the generic technology strategy of the global pharmaceutical industry, with special emphasis placed on the proprietary sector of the pharmaceutical industry. The author offers an analysis of alternative strategic options, including (1) foregoing patenting in developing countries; (2) compa...
10 citations
Cites background from "Intellectual property rights busine..."
...According to Hanel ( 2006 , 916), ‘when the research intensive firms have a systematic patenting strategy, patenting features prominently in their competitive outlook, especially if competitors are “arming” their products with patents’....
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References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a survey on the use of patent data in economic analysis, focusing on the patent data as an indicator of technological change and concluding that patent data remain a unique resource for the study of technical change.
Abstract: This survey reviews the growing use of patent data in economic analysis. After describing some of the main characteristics of patents and patent data, it focuses on the use of patents as an indicator of technological change. Cross-sectional and time-series studies of the relationship of patents to R&D expenditures are reviewed, as well as scattered estimates of the distribution of patent values and the value of patent rights, the latter being based on recent analyses of European patent renewal data. Time-series trends of patents granted in the U.S. are examined and their decline in the 1970s is found to be an artifact of the budget stringencies at the Patent Office. The longer run downward trend in patents per R&D dollar is interpreted not as an indication of diminishing returns but rather as a reflection of the changing meaning of such data over time. The conclusion is reached that, in spite of many difficulties and reservations, patent data remain a unique resource for the study of technical change.
5,075 citations
01 Jan 1990
4,944 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a survey on the use of patent data in economic analysis, focusing on the patent data as an indicator of technological change and concluding that patent data remain a unique resource for the study of technical change.
Abstract: This survey reviews the growing use of patent data in economic analysis. After describing some of the main characteristics of patents and patent data, it focuses on the use of patents as an indicator of technological change. Cross-sectional and time-series studies of the relationship of patents to R&D expenditures are reviewed, as well as scattered estimates of the distribution of patent values and the value of patent rights, the latter being based on recent analyses of European patent renewal data. Time-series trends of patents granted in the U.S. are examined and their decline in the 1970s is found to be an artifact of the budget stringencies at the Patent Office. The longer run downward trend in patents per R&D dollar is interpreted not as an indication of diminishing returns but rather as a reflection of the changing meaning of such data over time. The conclusion is reached that, in spite of many difficulties and reservations, patent data remain a unique resource for the study of technical change.
4,845 citations
01 Jan 1987
TL;DR: A patent confers, in theory, perfect appropriability (monopoly of the invention) for a limited time in return for a public benefit as mentioned in this paper, however, the benefits consumers derive from an innovation, however, are increased if competitors can imitate and improve on the innovation to ensure its availability on favorable terms.
Abstract: To HAVE the incentive to undertake research and development, a firm must be able to appropriate returns sufficient to make the investment worthwhile. The benefits consumers derive from an innovation, however, are increased if competitors can imitate and improve on the innovation to ensure its availability on favorable terms. Patent law seeks to resolve this tension between incentives for innovation and widespread diffusion of benefits. A patent confers, in theory, perfect appropriability (monopoly of the invention) for a limited time in return for a public
3,653 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors put forward patent counts weighted by citations as indicators of the value of innovations, thereby overcoming the limitations of simple counts, and found that simple patent counts are highly correlated with contemporaneous RD, however, the association is within afield over time rather than cross-sectional.
Abstract: The use ofpatents in economic research has been seriously hindered by the fact that patents vary enormously in their importance or value, and hence, simple patent counts cannot be informative about innovative output. The purpose of this article is to put forward patent counts weighted by citations as indicators of the value of innovations, thereby overcoming the limitations of simple counts. The empirical analysis of a particular innovation (Computed Tomography scanners) indeed shows a close association between citation-based patent indices and independent measures of the social value of innovations in that field. Moreover, the weighting scheme appears to be nonlinear (increasing) in the number of citations, implying that the informational content of citations rises at the margin. As in previous studies, simple patent counts are found to be highly correlated with contemporaneous RD however, here the association is within afield over time rather than cross-sectional.
2,765 citations