Intellectual property rights business management practices: A survey of the literature
TL;DR: In this paper, a survey of the empirical literature regarding the use and management of Intellectual Property rights (IPRs) is presented, focusing on the US, Canada, EU, Japan and Australia and the protection of IP in specific industry groups.
About: This article is published in Technovation.The article was published on 2006-08-01 and is currently open access. It has received 232 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Intellectual property & Valuation (finance).
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors study the functions of IPRs in these productive and organisational objectives of the networked enterprise and stress the relationship between the function of IP in networked enterprises and the extension and strengthening of IP at the global level.
Abstract: The networked enterprise simultaneously seeks to develop new knowledge in order to be able to compete on international markets thanks to its innovation capacity and to improve its process of allocation of resources, notably by reducing its production and organisational costs. In this paper, we study the functions of intellectual property rights in these productive and organisational objectives of the networked enterprise. Intellectual property rights are usually studied in relation to their incentive/defensive and offensive roles. But do they play a role in the organisation and notably in the coordination of activities within the networked enterprise? We consider that they have an important ‘coordination function’, making easier the relationships between all the fragmented parts of the networked enterprise. This coordination role is moreover gaining ground in the context of collaborative innovation (innovation networks). It is thus associated to the ‘incentive/defensive function’ of IPRs, aiming at protecting and thus giving incentives to the constitution of the firm’s innovation potential, called here ‘knowledge capital’. This coordination function is also associated to the ‘offensive one’, relying on the construction and the reinforcement of entry barriers which largely contribute to define the position of the networked enterprise within the innovation network to which it usually belongs. The paper concludes by stressing the relationship between the functions of IPRs in networked enterprises and the extension and strengthening of IPRs at the global leve
3 citations
Cites background from "Intellectual property rights busine..."
...…dealing with the functions of intellectual property rights in enterprises give us the possibility to draw up a list of the main aims that encourage firms to use them (Table 1) more or less innovative character of the enterprise, th market structure and the intensity of competition (Hanel 2006)....
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TL;DR: Recommendations are made to harmonize IT and Internet Laws to promote legal risk management culture in organizations and offer risk management by considering risk mitigation strategy, educating people and use of information technology.
Abstract: Electronic businesses are witnessing enormous growth as more and more people are switching to online platforms. The widespread use of Internet has opened new channels to operate trade for many businesses. Also electronic marketing has become a proven channel of passing on the word to the customers. Legal and ethical issues quickly become an area of concern. In this research recommendations are made to harmonize IT and Internet Laws. A novel approach is proposed to promote legal risk management culture in organizations. It begins with revising current state of regulations surrounding eBusinesses and electronic marketing. The proposed approach offers risk management by considering risk mitigation strategy, educating people and use of information technology. Monitoring compliance requirements are met by reviewing the latest changes in regulations and rewarding the employees who ensures the successful implementation of the strategy.
3 citations
Cites background from "Intellectual property rights busine..."
...With the advancements of computing technologies, software development and Internet, requirements for IP compliance are a vital aspect of the legal strategy for a company (Hanel, 2006)....
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TL;DR: The concept of chaine de valeur brevet was introduced by Reitzig et al. as discussed by the authors, who revisited le celebre concept by M. Porter en 1985 to support a meilleure comprehension des roles du brevet and of l’articulation des connaissances relatives a leur manageralisation.
Abstract: Cet article s’inscrit dans un contexte d’utilisation intensive des DPI et de leur management. Son objectif est de montrer comment, a travers les differentes fonctions du brevet, la gestion des connaissances en matiere de propriete intellectuelle peut etre articulee tout au long de la « chaine de valeur brevet » . Il s’agit donc de revisiter le celebre concept de chaine de valeur introduit par M. Porter en 1985 pour montrer comment il peut contribuer a une meilleure comprehension des roles du brevet et de l’articulation des connaissances relatives a leur « manageralisation ». Cette analyse en termes de chaine de valeur est recente dans la litterature dediee a la propriete industrielle. Elle n’a, a notre connaissance, ete indiquee que dans de rares travaux sans faire l’objet d’une analyse specifique (Reitzig et Puranam 2009 ; Reitzig et Wagner 2010). Elle constitue pourtant une demarche d’analyse essentielle pour saisir l’articulation des differentes connaissances liees a l’activite de protection. Quelles sont ces differentes connaissances necessaires a la gestion des brevets (techniques, juridiques, strategiques) ? Comment s’articulent-elles tout au long du processus de gestion des brevets ? Quelles peuvent etre les modalites organisationnelles de leur deploiement ? Quelles sont les connaissances centrales et celles pouvant donner lieu a des logiques d’externalisation via une « chaine de valeur externe » ? Telles sont les interrogations qui sont au cœur de cette recherche autour d’un questionnement clef : comment penser les differents roles du brevet et articuler les connaissances qui y sont associees tout au long de la chaine de valeur brevet ?
3 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigate how early trademarking relates to the sustainability and economic outcomes of social startups and identify that the geographical scope of a trademark relates differently to social startups' outcomes.
3 citations
01 May 2016
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report analysis of the contents of more than 700 papers published in the Journal of Intellectual Property Rights during 1996-2014 to understand the knowledge structure in the field of IPR.
Abstract: This paper reports analysis of the contents of more than 700 papers published in the Journal of Intellectual Property Rights during 1996-2014 to understand the knowledge structure in the field of IPR. The contents of all the titles are classified into different subject fields related to IPR with the help of title or keywords or abstract of each paper. The analysis indicates that the journal covers almost all the areas specified under Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) as well as the contributions from all over world. It is also reflected that the utility of IPR and the interest of people in this area have increased for better and efficient protection of their work.
3 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a survey on the use of patent data in economic analysis, focusing on the patent data as an indicator of technological change and concluding that patent data remain a unique resource for the study of technical change.
Abstract: This survey reviews the growing use of patent data in economic analysis. After describing some of the main characteristics of patents and patent data, it focuses on the use of patents as an indicator of technological change. Cross-sectional and time-series studies of the relationship of patents to R&D expenditures are reviewed, as well as scattered estimates of the distribution of patent values and the value of patent rights, the latter being based on recent analyses of European patent renewal data. Time-series trends of patents granted in the U.S. are examined and their decline in the 1970s is found to be an artifact of the budget stringencies at the Patent Office. The longer run downward trend in patents per R&D dollar is interpreted not as an indication of diminishing returns but rather as a reflection of the changing meaning of such data over time. The conclusion is reached that, in spite of many difficulties and reservations, patent data remain a unique resource for the study of technical change.
5,075 citations
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4,944 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a survey on the use of patent data in economic analysis, focusing on the patent data as an indicator of technological change and concluding that patent data remain a unique resource for the study of technical change.
Abstract: This survey reviews the growing use of patent data in economic analysis. After describing some of the main characteristics of patents and patent data, it focuses on the use of patents as an indicator of technological change. Cross-sectional and time-series studies of the relationship of patents to R&D expenditures are reviewed, as well as scattered estimates of the distribution of patent values and the value of patent rights, the latter being based on recent analyses of European patent renewal data. Time-series trends of patents granted in the U.S. are examined and their decline in the 1970s is found to be an artifact of the budget stringencies at the Patent Office. The longer run downward trend in patents per R&D dollar is interpreted not as an indication of diminishing returns but rather as a reflection of the changing meaning of such data over time. The conclusion is reached that, in spite of many difficulties and reservations, patent data remain a unique resource for the study of technical change.
4,845 citations
01 Jan 1987
TL;DR: A patent confers, in theory, perfect appropriability (monopoly of the invention) for a limited time in return for a public benefit as mentioned in this paper, however, the benefits consumers derive from an innovation, however, are increased if competitors can imitate and improve on the innovation to ensure its availability on favorable terms.
Abstract: To HAVE the incentive to undertake research and development, a firm must be able to appropriate returns sufficient to make the investment worthwhile. The benefits consumers derive from an innovation, however, are increased if competitors can imitate and improve on the innovation to ensure its availability on favorable terms. Patent law seeks to resolve this tension between incentives for innovation and widespread diffusion of benefits. A patent confers, in theory, perfect appropriability (monopoly of the invention) for a limited time in return for a public
3,653 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors put forward patent counts weighted by citations as indicators of the value of innovations, thereby overcoming the limitations of simple counts, and found that simple patent counts are highly correlated with contemporaneous RD, however, the association is within afield over time rather than cross-sectional.
Abstract: The use ofpatents in economic research has been seriously hindered by the fact that patents vary enormously in their importance or value, and hence, simple patent counts cannot be informative about innovative output. The purpose of this article is to put forward patent counts weighted by citations as indicators of the value of innovations, thereby overcoming the limitations of simple counts. The empirical analysis of a particular innovation (Computed Tomography scanners) indeed shows a close association between citation-based patent indices and independent measures of the social value of innovations in that field. Moreover, the weighting scheme appears to be nonlinear (increasing) in the number of citations, implying that the informational content of citations rises at the margin. As in previous studies, simple patent counts are found to be highly correlated with contemporaneous RD however, here the association is within afield over time rather than cross-sectional.
2,765 citations