Interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) characterization of fiber metal laminates (FMLs) manufactured through VARTM process
01 Oct 2021-Vol. 4, pp 100038
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the short beam shear test to evaluate the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of fiber reinforced aluminum laminates (CARALL) for aircraft.
Abstract: The aircraft industry is always seeking materials with excellent mechanical properties and good strength to weight ratio. Fiber metal laminates (FMLs) are the emerging class of hybrid composite materials consisting of fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) plies and metal sheets. Aircraft parts are subjected to different types of mechanical loading during operation. Combining the properties of FRPs and metals provides excellent resistance to impact as well as improves the fatigue performance of the aircraft. In this study, aluminum 7075-T6 sheets were used to fabricate FMLs with varying fiber reinforcements. These sheets were treated with different surface and chemical treatment processes. The short beam shear test is utilized in this work that gives practical information on interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and it can also be employed in real design applications. The results indicated that the ILSS of carbon fiber reinforced aluminum laminates (CARALL) was higher than glass-reinforced aluminum laminates (GLARE) and aramid-reinforced aluminum laminates (ARALL) at all displacement rates. The reason for the higher ILSS of CARALL is due to the stifness of carbon fiber and the strong adhesion of carbon with aluminum metal. However, ILSS for all three types of FMLs did not change significantly which shows that it is independent of displacement rates.
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01 Sep 2021
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References
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TL;DR: The recent applications of fiber-reinforced polymer composites to naval ships and submarines are reviewed in this article, where the major benefits of using composites instead of conventional shipbuilding materials, such as steel and aluminium alloys, are identified.
799 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the most commercially available fiber metal laminates (FMLs) are ARALL (Aramid Reinforced Aluminium Laminate), based on aramid fibres, GLARE (Glass Reinforced Aluminum Laminate) based on high strength glass fibres and CARALL (Carbon Reinforced Alloy Laminate, based on carbon fibres).
761 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new lightweight fiber/metal laminate (FML) has been developed, which combines metal and polymer composite laminates to create a synergistic effect on many properties.
Abstract: Weight reduction and improved damage tolerance characteristics were the prime drivers to develop new family of materials for the aerospace/aeronautical industry. Aiming this objective, a new lightweight Fiber/Metal Laminate (FML) has been developed. The combination of metal and polymer composite laminates can create a synergistic effect on many properties. The mechanical properties of FML shows improvements over the properties of both aluminum alloys and composite materials individually. Due to their excellent properties, FML are being used as fuselage skin structures of the next generation commercial aircrafts. One of the advantages of FML when compared with conventional carbon fiber/epoxy composites is the low moisture absorption. The moisture absorption in FML composites is slower when compared with polymer composites, even under the relatively harsh conditions, due to the barrier of the aluminum outer layers. Due to this favorable atmosphere, recently big companies such as EMBRAER, Aerospatiale, Boing, Airbus, and so one, starting to work with this kind of materials as an alternative to save money and to guarantee the security of their aircrafts.
461 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the potential use of natural fibers and its composite materials, mechanical and physical properties and some of their applications in engineering sectors is discussed. But, the authors do not provide details about the potential applications of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites.
Abstract: In the present scenario, there has been a rapid attention in research and development in the natural fiber composite field due to its better formability, abundant, renewable, cost-effective and eco-friendly features. This paper exhibits an outline on natural fibers and its composites utilized as a part of different commercial and engineering applications. In this review, many articles were related to applications of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites. It helps to provide details about the potential use of natural fibers and its composite materials, mechanical and physical properties and some of their applications in engineering sectors.
325 citations
15 Jul 2010-Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of fiber orientation on tensile behavior of fiber metal laminates is investigated and a modified classical laminate theory and a numerical simulation method based on finite element modeling (FEM) are used to predict the stress-strain response of FMLs.
Abstract: Fiber metal laminates (FMLs) are layered materials based on stacked arrangements of aluminum alloy layers and fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) layers. FMLs have benefits over both aluminum and fiber reinforced composites. In this work, glass fibers and Kevlar fibers are used together and effect of fibers orientation on tensile behavior of this novel material is investigated. A modified classical laminate theory (CLT), which considers the elastic–plastic behavior of the aluminum sheets, and a numerical simulation method based on finite element modeling (FEM) are used to predict the stress–strain response of FMLs. Specimens were made and mechanical testing was performed to determine in-plane tensile properties of this type of FMLs. Good agreement is obtained between the models predictions and experimental results. Test results show that fiber sheets with zero orientation in laminate improve modulus of elasticity, yield stress and ultimate tensile stress considerably. Statistical analysis of data is done and an estimated response surface of ultimate tensile strength of the specimens as a function of fiber orientation in each layer is obtained. Also, the effect of the independent variables and interactions with their relative significance on the tensile behavior is specified. It is shown that Kevlar fiber orientation is the most important parameter between all variables and their interactions.
108 citations