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Intermediate microeconomics : A modern approach

01 Jan 2006-
TL;DR: The Varian approach as mentioned in this paper gives students tools they can use on exams, in the rest of their classes, and in their careers after graduation, and is still the most modern presentation of the subject.
Abstract: This best-selling text is still the most modern presentation of the subject. The Varian approach gives students tools they can use on exams, in the rest of their classes, and in their careers after graduation.
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new formulation is proposed for congestion management, which captures explicitly the contribution of the bilateral transactions to the social welfare and results in the more efficient allocation of the transmission resources than the conventional tool.

15 citations


Cites background from "Intermediate microeconomics : A mod..."

  • ...EjTAP is also referred to as the market efficiency loss [5]....

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  • ...From the bids and offers submitted, the IGO determines the market outcomes by maximizing the social welfare [5]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
21 Sep 2017-PLOS ONE
TL;DR: Investigating the impact of RBF (PBF+CCT) on household costs and time to seek care for obstetric complications in four districts in Malawi suggests RBF may contribute to timely emergency care seeking and thus ultimately reduce maternal and neonatal mortality in beneficiary populations.
Abstract: Results-based financing (RBF) schemes-including performance based financing (PBF) and conditional cash transfers (CCT)-are increasingly being used to encourage use and improve quality of institutional health care for pregnant women in order to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality in low-income countries. While there is emerging evidence that RBF can increase service use and quality, little is known on the impact of RBF on costs and time to seek care for obstetric complications, although the two represent important dimensions of access. We conducted this study to fill the existing gap in knowledge by investigating the impact of RBF (PBF+CCT) on household costs and time to seek care for obstetric complications in four districts in Malawi. The analysis included data on 2,219 women with obstetric complications from three waves of a population-based survey conducted at baseline in 2013 and repeated in 2014(midline) and 2015(endline). Using a before and after approach with controls, we applied generalized linear models to study the association between RBF and household costs and time to seek care. Results indicated that receipt of RBF was associated with a significant reduction in the expected mean time to seek care for women experiencing an obstetric complication. Relative to non-RBF, time to seek care in RBF areas decreased by 27.3% (95%CI: 28.4-25.9) at midline and 34.2% (95%CI: 37.8-30.4) at endline. No substantial change in household costs was observed. We conclude that the reduced time to seek care is a manifestation of RBF induced quality improvements, prompting faster decisions on care seeking at household level. Our results suggest RBF may contribute to timely emergency care seeking and thus ultimately reduce maternal and neonatal mortality in beneficiary populations.

15 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 2007
TL;DR: It is demonstrated how a general framework can be used to conceptually improve two well‐known approaches from the literature, and it is shown how existing theory could be adjusted to be directly applicable to the theory of the two approaches, thus proving special theory unnecessary.
Abstract: We present a general discussion of what constitutes a market-oriented approach to optimization. We demonstrate how a general framework can be used to conceptually improve two well-known approaches from the literature, and discuss computational properties of the different approaches. We also show how existing theory could be adjusted to be directly applicable to the theory of the two approaches, thus proving special theory unnecessary. We want to bring out the pedagogical aspects of market mechanisms, to take full advantage of its potential.

15 citations


Cites background from "Intermediate microeconomics : A mod..."

  • ...Background on basic microeconomic definitions and auction design can be found in Mas-Colell, Whinston, and Green (1995) or Varian (1999)....

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  • ...Then we can state the following theorem (a reformulation of the second welfare theorem of economics, e.g., Mas-Colell et al. 1995 and Varian 1999)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The behavioral definition of complementary goods is studied: if the price of one good increases, demand for a complementary good must decrease, and the full implications for observable demand behavior and for the consumer's underlying preferences are obtained.

15 citations

Proceedings Article
01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: Exareme is a system for elastic large-scale data processing on the cloud that follows a more general paradigm and offers a declarative language based on SQL with user-defined functions extended with parallelism primitives and an inverted syntax to easily express data pipelines.
Abstract: Clouds have become an attractive platform for highly scalable processing of Big Data, especially due to the concept of elasticity, which characterizes them. Several languages and systems for cloud-based data processing have been proposed in the past, with the most popular among them being based on MapReduce [7]. In this paper, we present Exareme, a system for elastic large-scale data processing on the cloud that follows a more general paradigm. Exareme is an open source project [1]. The system offers a declarative language which is based on SQL with user-defined functions (UDFs) extended with parallelism primitives and an inverted syntax to easily express data pipelines. Exareme is designed to take advantage of clouds by dynamically allocating and deallocating compute resources, offering trade-offs between execution time and monetary cost.

15 citations