International Conference Proceedings
12 Jul 2010-
TL;DR: The 11 Spanish Portuguese Conference on Electrical Engineering, 11Chlie 09, Vigo, Spain, July 2009 as mentioned in this paper, accepted papers for the 11th Spanish-Portuguese-Conference on R. Benabid, M. Boudour and M. Abido, Optimization of Multi-FACTS Devices for (...)
Abstract: International Conference Proceedings B. Boussahoua and M. Boudour'' Critical Clearing Time evaluation of power system with UPFC by energetic method'', Proceeding of The 11 Spanish Portuguese Conference on Electrical Engineering, 11Chlie 09, Vigo, Spain, July 2009. www.docstoc.com/.../Accepted-papers-for-11th-Spanish-Portuguese-Conference-on R. Benabid, M. Boudour and M. Abido, '' Optimization of Multi-FACTS Devices for (...)
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TL;DR: It is proposed that a detailed understanding of the coupled biological-mechanical response under thermal agitation will contribute to the design, characterization, and optimization of strategies for delivering better treatment.
Abstract: Advances in laser, microwave, and similar technologies have led to recent developments of thermal treatments for disease and injury involving skin tissue. In spite of the widespread use of heating therapies in dermatology, they do not draw upon the detailed understanding of the biothermomechanics of behavior, for none exists to date, even though each behavioral facet is well established and understood. It is proposed that a detailed understanding of the coupled biological-mechanical response under thermal agitation will contribute to the design, characterization, and optimization of strategies for delivering better treatment. For a comprehensive understanding on the underlying mechanisms of thermomechanical behavior of skin tissue, recent progress on bioheat transfer, thermal damage, thermomechanics, and thermal pain should be systematically reviewed. This article focuses on the transfer of heat through skin tissue. Experimental study, theoretical analysis, and numerical modeling of skin thermal behavior are reviewed, with theoretical analysis carried out and closed-form solutions obtained for simple one-layer Fourier theory based model. Non-Fourier bioheat transfer models for skin tissue are discussed, and various skin cooling technologies summarized. Finally, the predictive capacity of various heat transfer models is demonstrated with selected case studies. DOI: 10.1115/1.3124646
183 citations
TL;DR: To shift to a new paradigm of country owned capacity building, donor assistance needs to be inclusive in the planning process and create true partnerships to conduct organizational assessments, analyze challenges to organizational success, prioritize addressing challenges, and implement appropriate activities to build new capacity in overcoming challenges.
Abstract: Background
During the last decade, donor governments and international agencies have increasingly emphasized the importance of building the capacity of indigenous health care organizations as part of strengthening health systems and ensuring sustainability. In 2009, the U.S. Global Health Initiative made country ownership and capacity building keystones of U.S. health development assistance, and yet there is still a lack of consensus on how to define either of these terms, or how to implement “country owned capacity building”.
76 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss how sustainable forest management through the adoption of appropriate logging practices can lead to a reduction in carbon emissions while securing timber in the tropics, and suggest that a policy of reduced-impact logging combined with a 40-year or longer cutting cycle is appropriate for SFM projects as part of the REDD+ scheme.
38 citations
28 Oct 2016
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the meaning ascribed to these instruments by the decisionmakers who use them, or the experts who design them, and the processes by which some instruments come to be favored over others.
Abstract: Government uses a wide variety of instruments to reach its policy goals, ranging from indirect methods, such as moral suasion and cash induce- ments, to more direct ones involving government provision of services. Although there has been a fair amount of writing on the nature and use of various policy instruments, there is very little work on either the meaning ascribed to these instruments by the decisionmakers who use them (or the experts who design them) or the processes by which some come to be favored over others. Characteristics of the political system, such as national policy style, the organizational setting of the decisionmaker, and the problem situation are all likely to have some influence over the choice of instruments. The relative impact of these variables, however, is likely to be mediated by subjective factors linked to cognition. Perceptions of the proper 'tool to do the job' intervenes between context and choice in a complex way. Effortsto account forvariation in instrument choice, then, must focus not only on macro level variables but on micro ones as well.
35 citations
TL;DR: It is observed that keeping these models hidden from the user is in fact paramount to the success of the domain-specific model checker, and approaches that transform domain- specific input models into alternative forms that are invisible to the user and which are amenable to model checking using existing techniques are surveyed.
Abstract: In the past, applying formal analysis, such as model checking, to industrial problems required a team of formal methods experts and a great deal of effort. Model checking has become popular, because model checkers have evolved to allow domain-experts, who lack model checking expertise, to analyze their systems. What made this shift possible and what roles did models play in this? That is the main question we consider here. We survey approaches that transform domain-specific input models into alternative forms that are invisible to the user and which are amenable to model checking using existing techniques--we refer to these as hidden models. We observe that keeping these models hidden from the user is in fact paramount to the success of the domain-specific model checker. We illustrate the value of hidden models by surveying successful examples of their use in different areas of model checking (hardware and software) and how a lack of suitable models hamper a new area (biological systems).
28 citations
References
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Book•
01 Sep 2005
TL;DR: In this article, various methods of environmental impact assessment as a guide to design of new environmental development and management projects are discussed. But the authors do not reject the concept of the environmental impact analysis but rather stress the need for fundamental understanding of the structure and dynamics of ecosystems.
Abstract: This book is on the various methods of environmental impact assessment as a guide to design of new environmental development and management projects. This approach surveys the features of the environment likely to be affected by the developments under consideration, analyses the information collected, tries to predict the impact of these developments and lays down guidelines or rules for their management.
This book is concerned with practical problems, e.g. development in Canada, the management of fisheries, pest control, etc. It is devoted to a general understanding of environmental systems through methods that have worked in the real world with its many uncertainties. It does not reject the concept of environmental impact analysis but rather stresses the need for fundamental understanding of the structure and dynamics of ecosystems.
3,437 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1986
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that scientific understanding will come from the experience of management as an ongoing, adaptive, and experimental process, rather than through basic research or the development of ecological theory.
Abstract: The author challenges the traditional approach to dealing with uncertainty in the management of such renewable resources as fish and wildlife. He argues that scientific understanding will come from the experience of management as an ongoing, adaptive, and experimental process, rather than through basic research or the development of ecological theory.
The opening chapters review approaches to formulating management objectives as well as models for understanding how policy choices affect the attainment of these objectives. Subsequent chapters present various statistical methods for understanding the dynamics of uncertainty in managed fish and wildlife populations and for seeking optimum harvest policies in the face of uncertainty. The book concludes with a look at prospects for adaptive management of complex systems, emphasizing such human factors involved in decision making as risk aversion and conflicting objectives as well as biophysical factors. Throughout the text dynamic models and Bayesian statistical theory are used as tools for understanding the behavior of managed systems. These tools are illustrated with simple graphs and plots of data from representative cases.
This text/reference will serve researchers, graduate students, and resource managers who formulate harvest policies and study the dynamics of harvest populations, as well as analysts (modelers, statisticians, and stock assessment experts) who are concerned with the practice of policy design.
3,131 citations