Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors
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TLDR
Germinomas have a good prognosis, as over 90% of patients can be effectively treated with radiation therapy, and recent reports suggest that the dose and volume of radiation therapy required for disease control can be lessened with the addition of adjuvant chemotherapy.Abstract:
Intracranial germ cell tumors are a heterogeneous group of lesions which occur in children and adults. Within the classification of intracranial germ cell tumors, there are a variety of different tumor types which carry different prognoses. The diagnosis of an intracranial germ cell tumor usually requires histological information, but a subgroup of tumors will secrete specific tumor markers, including α-fetoprotein and β-human chorionic gonadotropin, which may obviate the need for surgical intervention. The management of intracranial germ cell tumors in both children and adults remains unsettled. Germinomas have a good prognosis, as over 90% of patients can be effectively treated with radiation therapy. The dose and volume of radiation therapy needed for disease control is not well established, and controversy exists concerning the need for whole brain or craniospinal radiation therapy for localized tumors. Germinomas are also chemosensitive and recent reports suggest that the dose and volume of radiation therapy required for disease control can be lessened with the addition of adjuvant chemotherapy. The outcome for patients with nongerminomatous germ cell tumors is less favorable. Radiation therapy alone will result in disease control in 40%-60% of patients. The addition of chemotherapy to radiation therapy may improve the rate of survival. The Oncologist 2000;5:312-320read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Pediatric central nervous system germ cell tumors: a review.
TL;DR: Central nervous system (CNS) germ cell tumors (GCTs) represent approximately 3% of primary pediatric brain tumors and encompass a wide pathologic spectrum and treatment and prognosis differ greatly between groups.
Journal ArticleDOI
Principles of treatment of the pineal region tumors.
TL;DR: This paper presents results of 287 patients with histologically verified pineal region tumors for the period from 1976 to 1999, and concludes thatBenign pineal tumors should be cured with surgery alone and pure germinomas can be cured by conventional radiation therapy alone.
Journal ArticleDOI
Radiotherapy of localised intracranial germinoma: time to sever historical ties?
TL;DR: This work challenges the consensus that craniospinal radiotherapy is the best treatment for localised germinomas and concludes that reduced-volume radiotherapy plus boost should replace craniographic radiotherapy when a radiotherapy-only approach is used.
Journal ArticleDOI
Novel somatic and germline mutations in intracranial germ cell tumours
Linghua Wang,Shigeru Yamaguchi,Matthew D. Burstein,Keita Terashima,Kyle Chang,Ho Keung Ng,Hideo Nakamura,Zongxiao He,Harshavardhan Doddapaneni,Lora Lewis,Mark Wang,Tomonari Suzuki,Ryo Nishikawa,Atsushi Natsume,Shunsuke Terasaka,Robert C. Dauser,William E. Whitehead,Adesina Adekunle,Jiayi Sun,Yi Qiao,Gabor T. Marth,Donna M. Muzny,Richard A. Gibbs,Suzanne M. Leal,David A. Wheeler,Ching C. Lau +25 more
TL;DR: A molecular foundation for understanding the biology of IGCTs is established and potentially promising therapeutic strategies focusing on the inhibition of KIT/RAS activation and the AKT1/mTOR pathway are suggested.
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Secondary intracranial meningiomas after high-dose cranial irradiation: report of five cases and review of the literature.
TL;DR: Primary meningiomas following high-dose cranial irradiation are characterized by younger age at presentation, by higher male-to-female ratio and by biologically more aggressive variants compared to primary spontaneous mening iomas.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Intracranial germ-cell tumors: natural history and pathogenesis.
TL;DR: The pathogenesis of GCT's may be revealed by their specificity of origin within the positive (suprasellar cistern-suprachiasmatic nucleus) and negative (pineal) regulatory centers for gonadotropin secretion within the diencephalon.
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Primary intracranial germ cell tumors: a clinical analysis of 153 histologically verified cases
Masao Matsutani,Keiji Sano,Kintomo Takakura,Takamitsu Fujimaki,Osamu Nakamura,Nobuaki Funata,Terukazu Seto +6 more
TL;DR: From treatment results, tumors were classified into three groups with different prognoses and a treatment guideline appropriate for the subgroups was proposed.