Introdução de alimentos industrializados e de alimentos de uso tradicional na dieta de crianças de creches públicas no município de São Paulo
01 Feb 2011-Revista De Nutricao-brazilian Journal of Nutrition (Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas)-Vol. 24, Iss: 1, pp 61-70
TL;DR: The results show that educational and preventive actions should be proposed to build healthy eating habits from childhood, taking into consideration the cultural, behavioral and emotional factors associated with diet.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study described and discussed the introduction of processed foods to the diets of children attending the nurseries of daycare centers, considering the recommendation of the Ministry of Health for a healthy diet. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 270 children attending nurseries of eight public and not-for-profit daycare centers in Sao Paulo city. A pre-coded and structured 11-question questionnaire was used to evaluate the introduction of processed foods. For each type of food analyzed, the corresponding age in months was recorded as well as assessed as to whether it was in agreement with the 8th step of the Dietary Guide. The chi-square test was used for determining the associations. The studied variables were mother's age, education level and working status and family income. RESULTS: The results showed that approximately 2/3 of the studied children under 12 months of age were offered foods with obesogenic potential, such as instant noodles, snacks, sandwich cookies, powdered juice, soft drinks and candy/lollipop/chocolate bars. Children born to younger mothers, with low education level and lower income are most vulnerable to the feeding error of introducing processed foods prematurely. CONCLUSION: These results show that educational and preventive actions should be proposed to build healthy eating habits from childhood. Efficient and in-depth campaigns aiming at promoting the consumption of fruits and vegetables are also needed, taking into consideration the cultural, behavioral and emotional factors associated with diet.
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TL;DR: In this article, analizar the asociación of sobrepeso and obesidad with amamantamiento materno and the alimentación complementaria in preescolares was performed.
Abstract: OBJETIVO: Analizar la asociacion del sobrepeso y de la obesidad con el amamantamiento materno y la alimentacion complementaria en preescolares. METODOS: Estudio transversal envolviendo 566 ninos matriculados en escuelas privadas en el municipio de Sao Paulo (Sureste de Brasil), 2004-2005. La variable dependiente fue sobrepeso y obesidad. Para la clasificacion del estado nutricional de los ninos fueron utilizadas las curvas de percentiles del indice de masa corporal para edad, clasificando como sobrepeso valores ?P85 y
73 citations
TL;DR: A high caloric contribution of ultraprocessed foods in detriment to a lower consumption of natural and minimally processed foods was observed in the diet of children younger than 6 years.
Abstract: Objective To evaluate food intake according to the degree of processing, stratified by family income and age, in a representative sample of children younger than 6 years in the city of Pelotas, RS, Brazil. Methods Cross-sectional population-based study carried out with 770 children aged 0–72 months of age living in the urban area of Pelotas. The dietary intake of children was assessed by 24-h recall administered to mothers or guardians. The energy intake was estimated and each food item was classified according to the food processing degree. Food consumption was stratified by age (younger than 24 months; 24 months or older) and associations between quintiles of family income and relative contribution of each food to total energy were performed by linear regression. The Wald test was applied to test linear trend across groups. Results The mean energy intake was 1725.7 kcal/day. The mean contribution of processed and ultraprocessed foods was 19.7% among children younger than 24 months and 37% in those aged 24 months or older, while the mean consumption of natural and minimally processed food was 61% and 44%, respectively. Among children aged 24 months or older, a greater consumption of canned foods, cheese and sweets was observed as family income quintiles increased, while breads were more consumed by those children belonging to the lower income quintiles. Conclusion A high caloric contribution of ultraprocessed foods in detriment to a lower consumption of natural and minimally processed foods was observed in the diet of children younger than 6 years.
51 citations
TL;DR: There was a higher proportion of high consumption of processed and ultra-processed food products among children whose mothers had < 12 years of education and among children who were older than 16 months.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods among children aged 13-35 months and its associated factors. We studied 1,185 children within the BRISA cohort in Sao Luis, Maranhao State, Brazil. The food consumption was investigated using a 24-hour recall, and the percentages of daily caloric intake and nutrients were estimated by food groups according to "NOVA" classification. We chose to categorize children belonging to the upper tertile of the distribution as having a high consumption of processed and ultra-processed food products. The Poisson regression model with robust variance estimation using a hierarchical modeling approach was used to calculate the prevalence ratios (PRs) of variables associated with high consumption of processed and ultra-processed food products. The mean energy intake was 1,226Kcal/day. After adjustments, there was a higher proportion of high consumption of processed and ultra-processed food products among children whose mothers had < 12 years of education and among children who were older than 16 months. Mothers with low schooling and children older than 16 months should be the targets of interventions aimed at reducing consumption of these food products and preventing adverse health outcomes in later life.
31 citations
TL;DR: The study identified the introduction of inappropriate complementary feeding in the first year of life among children in municipalities with high socioeconomic vulnerability in the South of Brazil, associated with low maternal schooling and low monthly family income.
Abstract: Identificar os fatores associados a introducao de alimentos nao recomendados no primeiro ano de vida, entre criancas residentes em municipios de baixo nivel socioeconomico. Estudo multicentrico transversal com 1.567 criancas de 12 a 59 meses de idade residentes em 48 municipios participantes do plano Brasil Sem Miseria da Regiao Sul do Brasil. Aplicou-se questionario estruturado aos responsaveis pelas criancas para a obtencao das informacoes sociodemograficas e idade na qual alimentos nao recomendados foram introduzidos pela primeira vez na alimentacao complementar. A prevalencia de introducao de acucar antes dos quatro meses de idade da crianca foi de 35,5% (n = 497; IC95%: 33,1-38,0). As prevalencias de introducao de biscoito doce/salgado, queijo petit suisse e gelatina antes do sexto mes de vida da crianca foram de 20,4% (n = 287; IC95%: 18,3-22,3), 24,8% (n = 349; IC95%: 22,4-27,1) e 13,8% (n = 192; IC95%: 12,0-15,7), respectivamente. Identificou-se associacao entre a menor escolaridade materna (RP = 1,25; IC95%: 1,03-1,51) e a menor renda mensal familiar (RP = 1,22; IC95%: 1,01-1,48) com a introducao de alimentos nao recomendados. Verificou-se a introducao de alimentos nao recomendados no primeiro ano de vida entre criancas residentes em municipios de alta vulnerabilidade socioeconomica da Regiao Sul do Brasil, e esta pratica associou-se a menor escolaridade materna e menor renda familiar mensal.
29 citations
TL;DR: The authors avaliar o impacto da atualizacao de profissionais de saude em relacao aos Dez Passos da Alimentacao Saudavel para Criancas Menores de Dois Anos sobre as praticas alimentares no primeiro ano de vida.
Abstract: O objetivo foi avaliar o impacto da atualizacao de profissionais de saude em relacao aos Dez Passos da Alimentacao Saudavel para Criancas Menores de Dois Anos sobre as praticas alimentares no primeiro ano de vida. Participaram do estudo unidades basicas de saude (UBS) do Municipio de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, randomizadas em controle (n = 11) e intervencao (n = 9). Unidades de saude que possuem servico de saude comunitaria como Estrategia Saude da Familia (ESF) foram incluidas como um cluster de intervencao (n = 12). As praticas alimentares das criancas incluidas no estudo foram avaliadas quando elas tinham 6 (n = 918) e 12 meses (n = 799) de idade. Os resultados mostraram que o tempo medio de duracao do aleitamento materno exclusivo foi significativamente maior nos dois grupos que receberam a intervencao (2,56 ± 1,91 mes nas US-ESF e 2,32 ± 1,63 mes nas UBS-intervencao) comparados as UBS-controle (1,91 ± 1,60 meses). Houve impacto positivo na qualidade da alimentacao complementar das criancas atendidas nos servicos de saude que participaram da intervencao, especialmente naqueles com ESF.
27 citations
References
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TL;DR: The number of snacking occasions increased significantly, therefore increasing the average daily energy from snacks, and the nutrient contribution of snacks decreased in calcium density and increased in energy density and proportion of energy from fat.
472 citations
TL;DR: Salivary MS levels among young children with ECC were higher than would be expected in a dentally healthy population, but lower than levels reported among older children at high risk for caries.
Abstract: The goals of this cross-sectional study were to characterize and compare demographic, behavioral, and environmental factors potentially associated with early childhood caries (ECC) and to assess salivary levels of mutans streptococci (MS) and lactobacilli (LB) in underserved, predominantly Hispanic children. One hundred forty-six children aged 3 to 55 months with a range of caries experience were identified and examined. ECC was primarily associated with the presence of MS and lack of access to dental care. Salivary MS levels among young children with ECC were higher than would be expected in a dentally healthy population, but lower than levels reported among older children at high risk for caries.After adjustment for age, children with log10 MS ≥ 3.0 or log10 LB ≥ 1.5 were about five times as likely (OR=4.9, 95%CI=2.0,12.0) to have ECC than those with lower bacterial levels. This study demonstrated a significant association between relatively low cariogenic bacterial levels and dental caries in infants a...
180 citations
TL;DR: The authors in this article found that about 76% of infants and toddlers were fully or partly breastfed at birth, and this percentage declined to 30% at six months and 16% at 12 months, short of Healthy People 2010 goals of 50% and 25%, respectively.
Abstract: Objective To assess adherence to infant feeding recommendations among a sample of infants and toddlers four to 24 months of age in the United States. Design Descriptive analysis of data collected in the 2002 Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (FITS) based on telephone interviews and 24-hour dietary recalls collected with the Nutrition Data System for Research of the University of Minnesota. Subjects A national random sample of 3,022 infants and toddlers age four to 24 months, including 2,024 infants age four to 11 months. Main outcome measures Breastfeeding, timing of introduction of complementary foods, and adherence to infant feeding recommendations. Statistical analysis Means and standard errors, percentile distributions, and percentages by age group (four to six months, seven to eight months, and nine to 11 months). Results About 76% of infants and toddlers were fully or partly breastfed at birth. This percentage declined to 30% at six months and 16% at 12 months—short of Healthy People 2010 goals of 50% and 25%, respectively. The average duration of breastfeeding was 5.5 months for all who initiated breastfeeding. About two-thirds of infants had been introduced to complementary foods between four and six months—the period recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP); 17% consumed juice before the AAP recommended age of six months or later. Twenty-two percent of infants nine to 11 months consumed cow's milk on a daily basis before the recommended age of 12 months or later, and one in 10 consumed french fries and/or sweetened beverages on any given day. Applications/conclusions More parents and caregivers can benefit from guidance about the introduction of developmentally appropriate, micronutrient-rich first solid foods such as iron-rich infant cereals, iron-fortified grain products, meats, soft fruits, and cooked vegetables and the importance of breastfeeding through the first year of life. A smaller proportion of parents and caregivers require guidance on delaying the introduction of juices until six months of age and cow's milk other than formula until one year of age.
156 citations
TL;DR: The results showed that food products, when compared to other products, were the most frequently advertised, regardless of the time of the day in a given week analyzed.
Abstract: The main objective of the study was to analyze the amount and quality of food advertisement on Brazilian television in three different times of the day. The results showed that food products, when compared to other products, were the most frequently advertised, regardless of the time of the day in a given week analyzed. Television promotes food predominantly high in fat and/or sugar and salt. The large number of high fat and/or sugar and salt products advertised can contribute to changing food habits of children and teenagers, and increasing the incidence of obesity in the population.
134 citations
TL;DR: Prevalence of anemia among children and overweight/obesity among adults showed similar tendencies over time and recent evidence of reduction in anemia can be attributed to flour supplementation with iron and folic acid.
Abstract: Objetiva-se analisar a prevalencia crescente das anemias e do sobrepeso/obesidade, como tendencias conflitantes da transicao nutricional do Brasil. Fez-se uma selecao de 28 trabalhos publicados sobre anemia em criancas e mulheres em idade reprodutiva, considerando representatividade estatistica, padronizacao de tecnicas laboratoriais e criterios recomendados pela Organizacao Mundial da Saude. O sobrepeso/obesidade em adultos foi avaliado pelo indice de massa corporal (IMC): entre 25 e 29,9kg/m² (sobrepeso) e > 30kg/m² (obesidade). Para analise das tendencias, foram comparados tres inqueritos, 1974/1975 (36,4%), 1989 (53,5%) e 2002-2003 (51,9%), para a prevalencia de sobrepeso/obesidade. No estudo mais representativo sobre anemias em criancas (< 11g/dL), a prevalencia elevou-se de 22% (1974) para 46,9% (1995-1996). Nas gestantes (< 11g/dL), os resultados variaram entre 14,7% e 40,4%. Conclui-se que as prevalencias de anemia em criancas e sobrepeso/obesidade em adultos apresentaram tendencias semelhantes de evolucao temporal. Evidencias mais recentes de reducao das anemias poderiam ser atribuidas ao enriquecimento das massas alimentares com ferro e folato. As anemias e o sobrepeso/obesidade estariam associados as mudancas no consumo alimentar, como substrato da transicao nutricional.
112 citations