Introducing custom power
TL;DR: The concept of custom power is now becoming familiar as mentioned in this paper and it describes the value-added power that electric utilities and other service providers will offer their customers in the future The improved level of reliability of this power, in terms of reduced interruptions and less variation, will stem from an integrated solution to present problems, of which a prominent feature will be the application of power electronic controllers to utility distribution systems and/or at the supply end of many industrial and commercial customers and industrial parks.
Abstract: Changes in customers' needs require improvements in the reliability and quality of the electricity supply This paper describes how the concept of custom power is now becoming familiar The term describes the value-added power that electric utilities and other service providers will offer their customers in the future The improved level of reliability of this power, in terms of reduced interruptions and less variation, will stem from an integrated solution to present problems, of which a prominent feature will be the application of power electronic controllers to utility distribution systems and/or at the supply end of many industrial and commercial customers and industrial parks >
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Book•
01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: The p-q theory in three-phase, four-wire Shunt Active Filters as discussed by the authors has been applied to power flow control in power electronics equipment and has been shown to be useful in many applications.
Abstract: Preface. 1. Introduction. 1.1. Concepts and Evolution of Electric Power Theory. 1.2. Applications of the p-q Theory to Power Electronics Equipment. 1.3. Harmonic Voltages in Power Systems. 1.4. Identified and Unidentified Harmonic-Producing Loads. 1.5. Harmonic Current and Voltage Sources. 1.6. Basic Principles of Harmonic Compensation. 1.7. Basic Principles of Power Flow Control. References. 2. Electric Power Definitions: Background. 2.1. Power Definitions Under Sinusoidal Conditions. 2.2. Voltage and Current Phasors and the Complex Impedance. 2.3. Complex Power and Power Factor. 2.4. Concepts of Power Under Non-Sinusoidal Conditions -Conventional Approaches. 2.5. Electric Power in Three-Phase Systems. 2.6. Summary. References. 3 The Instantaneous Power Theory. 3.1. Basis of the p-q Theory. 3.2. The p-q Theory in Three-Phase, Three-Wire Systems. 3.3. The p-q Theory in Three-Phase, Four-Wire Systems. 3.4. Instantaneous abc Theory. 3.5. Comparisons between the p-q Theory and the abc Theory. 3.6. Summary. References. 4 Shunt Active Filters. 4.1. General Description of Shunt Active Filters. 4.2. Three-Phase, Three-Wire Shunt Active Filters. 4.3. Three-Phase, Four-Wire Shunt Active Filters. 4.4. Shunt Selective Harmonic Compensation. 4.5. Summary. References. 5 Hybrid and Series Active Filters. 5.1. Basic Series Active Filter. 5.2. Combined Series Active Filter and Shunt Passive Filter. 5.3. Series Active Filter Integrated with a Double-Series Diode Rectifier. 5.4. Comparisons Between Hybrid and Pure Active Filters. 5.5. Conclusions. References. 6 Combined Series and Shunt Power Conditioners. 6.1. The Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC). 6.2. The Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC). 6.3. The Universal Active Power Line Conditioner (UPLC). 6.4. Summary. References. Index.
2,038 citations
Book•
31 Aug 2002
TL;DR: Power Quality Enhancement Using Custom Power Devices as discussed by the authors considers the structure, control and performance of series compensating DVR, the shunt DSTATCOM and the SHunt with series UPQC for power quality improvement in electricity distribution.
Abstract: Power Quality Enhancement Using Custom Power Devices considers the structure, control and performance of series compensating DVR, the shunt DSTATCOM and the shunt with series UPQC for power quality improvement in electricity distribution. Also addressed are other power electronic devices for improving power quality in Solid State Transfer Switches and Fault Current Limiters. Applications for these technologies as they relate to compensating busses supplied by a weak line and for distributed generation connections in rural networks, are included. In depth treatment of inverters to achieve voltage support, voltage balancing, harmonic suppression and transient suppression in realistic network environments are also covered. New material on the potential for shunt and series compensation which emphasizes the importance of control design has been introduced. Power Quality Enhancement Using Custom Power Devices is appropriate for distribution engineers, graduate engineers and designers working in the area of power electronic applications for power systems. Sections of the book on power quality issues and generation connection make for a timely reference for undergraduates studying distribution engineering. Written for: Distribution engineers, graduate engineers and designers working in the area of power electronic applications for power systems, students
1,015 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the historical background, classification, construction, modeling, testing, and voltage balancing of the EDLC technology, and their applications in electrical vehicles, power quality, and others are also discussed.
931 citations
01 Dec 2001
TL;DR: In this article, the performance benefits of adding energy storage to power electronic compensators for utility applications are discussed. But, they do not represent energy sources, they provide valuable added benefits to improve stability power quality, and reliability of supply.
Abstract: While energy storage technologies do not represent energy sources, they provide valuable added benefits to improve stability power quality, and reliability of supply. Battery technologies have improved significantly in order to meet the challenges of practical electric vehicles and utility applications. Flywheel technologies are now used in advanced nonpolluting uninterruptible power supplies. Advanced capacitors are being considered as energy storage for power quality applications. Superconducting energy storage systems are still in their prototype stages but receiving attention for utility applications. The latest technology developments, some performance analysis, and cost considerations are addressed. This paper concentrates on the performance benefits of adding energy storage to power electronic compensators for utility applications.
894 citations
07 Nov 2002
TL;DR: The benefits of using SiC in power electronics applications are looked at, the current state of the art of SiC is reviewed, and how SiC can be a strong and viable candidate for future power electronics and systems applications are shown.
Abstract: Silicon offers multiple advantages to power circuit designers, but at the same time suffers from limitations that are inherent to silicon material properties, such as low bandgap energy, low thermal conductivity, and switching frequency limitations. Wide bandgap semiconductors, such as silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN), provide larger bandgaps, higher breakdown electric field, and higher thermal conductivity. Power semiconductor devices made with SiC and GaN are capable of higher blocking voltages, higher switching frequencies, and higher junction temperatures than silicon devices. SiC is by far the most advanced material and, hence, is the subject of attention from power electronics and systems designers. This paper looks at the benefits of using SiC in power electronics applications, reviews the current state of the art, and shows how SiC can be a strong and viable candidate for future power electronics and systems applications.
454 citations
Cites background from "Introducing custom power"
...transmission lines [5]–[8] all use power devices such as thyristors, GTOs, and diodes....
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References
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TL;DR: The flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) as mentioned in this paper is designed to overcome the limitations of the present mechanically controlled AC power transmission systems, uses reliable, high-speed power electronic controllers.
Abstract: The operation and components of the flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) are described. FACTS, designed to overcome the limitations of the present mechanically controlled AC power transmission systems, uses reliable, high-speed power electronic controllers. Its benefits are examined. These include greater control of power, so that it flows on the prescribed transmission routes; secure loading of transmission lines to levels nearer their thermal limits; greater ability to transfer power between controlled areas, so that the generation reserve margin may be reduced; prevention of cascading outages by limiting the effects of faults and equipment failure; and damping of power system oscillations. >
655 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a description of the causes of voltage sags in industrial plants, their impact on equipment operation, and possible solutions is given, focusing on system faults as the major cause of voltage sag.
Abstract: A description is given of the causes of voltage sags in industrial plants, their impact on equipment operation, and possible solutions. The definition proposed focuses on system faults as the major cause of voltage sags. The sensitivity of different types of industrial equipment, including adjustable speed drive controls, programmable logic controllers, and motor contactors, is analyzed. Available methods of power conditioning for sensitive equipment are also described. >
432 citations
TL;DR: A new generation of silicon switches is presented which enables power grids to meet the needs of utility customers with high efficiency and reliability and will be able to deliver more power of better quality while reducing transmission losses and thus the amount of energy they must generate.
Abstract: A new generation of silicon switches is presented which enables power grids to meet the needs of utility customers with high efficiency and reliability These switches are the basis of control systems that can guide the flow of megawatts as rapidly and efficiently as integrated circuits handle microwatts They can fend off cascading power interruptions and significantly increase the usable capacity of many transmission lines Indeed, they open up avenues for controlling the distribution of power that could not be exploited by their electromechanical predecessors Utilities using them will be able to deliver more power of better quality while reducing transmission losses and thus the amount of energy they must generate 4 refs, 5 figs
102 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the operation of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) is explained, and the advantages of SMES for these applications are examined, and some field test results are discussed.
Abstract: The operation of systems for superconducting magnetic-energy storage (SMES) is explained. The original goal was systems storing thousands of megawatts of back-up electricity for several hours at a time, to help utilities meet peak power demands. The first commercially available unit rapidly stores and delivers much less electricity over much briefer periods-megawatts for seconds only. It excels in its handling of power glitches, an increasingly expensive problem in industrial applications of digital control equipment, and for other electronic equipment. The advantages of SMES for these applications are examined, and some field test results are discussed. >
27 citations
07 Nov 1994
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the planning, development and demonstration of solid-state 13 kV distribution class circuit breakers, which can instantaneously transfer sensitive loads from a normal supply that experiences a disturbance to an alternate supply that is unaffected by the disturbance.
Abstract: Advanced current interruption technology, utilizing high power solid-state circuit breakers, offers a viable solution to most of the distribution system problems that result in voltage sags, swells, and power outages. Solid-state, fast acting (sub-cycle) breakers can instantaneously transfer sensitive loads from a normal supply that experiences a disturbance to an alternate supply that is unaffected by the disturbance. Here, the authors describe the planning, development and demonstration of solid-state 13 kV distribution class circuit breakers.
7 citations