Journal ArticleDOI
Introduction to the Special Issue “The Brain-Gut Axis”
Yvette Taché,Juan M. Saavedra +1 more
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The role of the bidirectional interactions between the Brain-Gut Axis in health and diseases with an emphasis on the microbiome-gut-brain axis and its implications in variety of neurological disorders is discussed in this paper.Abstract:
This special Issue presents comprehensive and state-of-the-art advances in supporting the crucial role of the bidirectional interactions between the Brain-Gut Axis in health and diseases with an emphasis on the microbiome-gut-brain axis and its implications in variety of neurological disorders. There are intimate connections between the brain and the digestive system. Gut microbiota dysbiosis activates the intestinal immune system, enhances intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation, leading to neuroinflammation, epigenetic changes, cerebrovascular alterations, amyloid β formation and α-synuclein protein aggregates. These alterations may participate in the development of hypertension, Alzheimer, Parkinson, stroke, epilepsy and autism. Brainstem nuclei such as the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) regulate gastric motor function by way of bidirectional inputs through the vagus nerve.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Varied Composition and Underlying Mechanisms of Gut Microbiome in Neuroinflammation
Rai Khalid Farooq,Widyan Alamoudi,Amani Alhibshi,Suriya Rehman,Ashish R. Sharma,Fuad Abdulla +5 more
TL;DR: This review summarizes the current knowledge about the role of the microbiome in neuro inflammation and the various mechanism involved in this process and discusses the autism spectrum disorder and the implication of neuroinflammation and microbiome in its pathogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Altered gut microbiota patterns in COVID-19: Markers for inflammation and disease severity
TL;DR: Critical factors affecting the microbiota in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are described, such as gut microbiota imbalance and gastrointestinal symptoms, the pattern of altered gut microbiota composition in CO VID-19 patients, and crosstalk between the microbiome and the gut-lung axis/gut-brain- lung axis.
Book ChapterDOI
Generalized Net Model of the Vegetative (Autonomic) Innervation of Gastrointestinal Tract
TL;DR: In this article , a generalized net model of GIT innervation is described and the relations with central nervous system are discussed, some applications of the model are discussed and some applications are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
A study of the correlation between stroke and gut microbiota over the last 20years: a bibliometric analysis
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors presented a more thorough knowledge structure, research hotspots, and future trends in the field by presenting an overview of the relationship between stroke and gut microbiota in the past two decades.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Unhealthy gut, unhealthy brain: The role of the intestinal microbiota in neurodegenerative diseases.
TL;DR: An interpretation is provided for the substantial evidence that healthy intestinal microbiota have the ability to positively regulate the neuroimmune responses in the central nervous system as well as microorganism‐induced modifications to intestinal and BBB permeability.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Gut-Brain Axis: Two Ways Signaling in Parkinson’s Disease
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors summarized how the alterations in gut microbiota and ENS inflammation are associated with Parkinson's disease and discussed the evidence supporting the causative role played by gutassociated dysbiosis and microbial byproducts, in the onset of PD.
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Dysbiosis and Alzheimer's Disease: Cause or Treatment Opportunity?
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the possible interaction between the gut microbiome and AD, focusing on the role of gut microbiota in neuroinflammation, cerebrovascular degeneration and Aβ clearance.
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The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis and Epilepsy.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a brief overview of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and synthesize what is known about the involvement of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of epilepsy, to bring new insight into the pathophysiology of epilepsy and to present a preliminary discussion of novel therapeutic options for epilepsy based on the microbiota.
Journal ArticleDOI
Supraspinal Mechanisms of Intestinal Hypersensitivity.
TL;DR: Studying the IHS-related brain neuroplasticity in greater depth may enable the development of new therapeutic approaches against chronic abdominal pain in inflammatory bowel disease.