Investigation of Defects in Deep Drawn Al1050/SS304 Sandwich Composite by Using Non-destructive Techniques
01 Jan 2020-pp 465-472
TL;DR: In this paper, the defects in the deep drawn Al1050/SS304 sandwich composite cup by using radiography test and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were investigated. And the defects like tearing and wrinkling observed in the sandwich composite skin (Al1050 and SS304 sheet) are successfully detected by using Radiography test, whereas the bonding defects between the adhesive layer and metal sheets are identified using SEM.
Abstract: The occurrence of the defects is observed in the sheet metal components due to the faulty manufacturing process. Such defects need to be precisely detected without damaging the component, which is only possible by using non-destructive test (NDT). The NDT is preferred for the identification of internal defects such as voids, flaws, and cracks. The present study investigates the defects in the deep drawn Al1050/SS304 sandwich composite cup by using radiography test and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The radiography test is carried out by using gamma rays for the detection of the defects like tearing and flange wrinkling in the deep drawn cup, whereas the SEM is used for the identification of the bonding defects between the adhesive layer and metal blanks. The defects like tearing and wrinkling observed in the sandwich composite skin (Al1050 and SS304 sheet) are successfully detected by using radiography test, whereas the bonding defects between the adhesive layer and metal sheets are identified using SEM.
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22 Jun 2009
TL;DR: In this article, both T-Ray (terahertz radiation) and low energy DR (Digital Radiography) methods are compared for the purposes of various composite materials evaluation.
Abstract: Today modern industry make very extensive use of various composite materials. Because of complexity of such structures, abilities of commonly used NDT methods sometimes are not sufficient. More advanced techniques should be utilized. In this paper both T-Ray (terahertz radiation) and low energy DR (Digital Radiography) methods are compared for the purposes of various composite materials evaluation. Different types of tested materials (glass fiber and carbon fiber composite structures) and defects such as delaminations will be analysed.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed experimental program is presented that was conducted in order to establish a data base for strength and subcritical damage mechanisms of bolted joints in CFRP composite laminates, where single fastener double-shear tensile tests for various joint geometries were performed for a range of cross-ply and quasi-isotropic layups of HTS40/977-2 CFRP material system.
Abstract: A detailed experimental programme is presented that was conducted in order to establish a data base for strength and subcritical damage mechanisms of bolted joints in CFRP composite laminates. Single fastener double-shear tensile tests for various joint geometries were performed for a range of cross-ply and quasi-isotropic lay-ups of HTS40/977-2 CFRP material system. Penetrant enhanced X-ray radiography was used to define the subcritical damage locations which are of great importance when modelling the failure response of the joints. It is suggested that the subcritical damage planes can be modelled using cohesive zone elements (CZEs) in order to develop physically based strength prediction methods for bolted joints in CFRP laminates.
57 citations
01 Mar 2019
TL;DR: In this article, there are various processes practiced in a market for manufacturing axisymmetrical cup with significant forming depth among which deep drawing process is most prompt, the deep drawing is a...
Abstract: There are various processes practiced in a market for manufacturing axisymmetrical cup with significant forming depth among which deep drawing process is most prompt. The deep drawing process is a ...
54 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a comparative study on the new developments in non-destructive controls of composite materials and applications in the manufacturing engineering and also reviews essentially the performance and advantages of X-rays computed tomography (XR-CT) medical scanner about its usage at multiple scales (macro, micro, meso and nano), the method and also the terminology.
41 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of multimode non-destructive evaluation techniques enables characterization of defects which cannot be detected by using single non destructive evaluation methods, such as delaminations, disbonds, foreign object inclusions and porosity.
Abstract: This work presents the modern approach to the detection of various types of defects in composite structures used in aerospace. In such structures, including glass reinforced plastics and carbon reinforced plastics, different failure modes could occur at a manufacturing stage and during service life. Defects are connected with inadequate technology, poor workmanship, cycling fatigue loads, impact damage and environmental conditions. The main types of defects are delaminations, disbonds, foreign object inclusions and porosity. To detect such defects, several non destructive evaluation techniques can be applied, merely to mention ultrasonic, low frequency acoustics, infrared thermography and shearography. The use of multimode non destructive evaluation techniques enables characterization of defects which cannot be detected by using single non destructive evaluation methods. This paper demonstrates the necessity of using non destructive evaluation methods for the implementation of quality control and maintenance procedures while servicing aerospace composite elements.
26 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of promising X-ray imaging techniques employed for non-destructive defectoscopy inspections of composite materials intended for the Aircraft industry, which do not require demanding spatial and time measurement conditions.
Abstract: This work presents an overview of promising X-ray imaging techniques employed for non-destructive defectoscopy inspections of composite materials intended for the Aircraft industry. The major emphasis is placed on non-tomographic imaging techniques which do not require demanding spatial and time measurement conditions. Imaging methods for defects visualisation, delamination detection and porosity measurement of various composite materials such as carbon fibre reinforced polymers and honeycomb sendwiches are proposed. We make use of the new large area WidePix X-ray imaging camera assembled from up to 100 edgeless Medipix type detectors which is highly suitable for this type of measurements.
19 citations