Investigation of mixture fluid suspended by hybrid nanoparticles over vertical cylinder by considering shape factor effect

TLDR: In this article, the effects of different shape factors have been investigated for a mixture of water and nanofluid with hybrid nanoparticles (MWCNT-Ag) over a vertical stretching cylinder, while a magnetic field has been applied to the system.

Abstract: In this study, flow of a mixture of water and ethylene glycol (50–50%) with hybrid nanoparticles (MWCNT–Ag) over a vertical stretching cylinder has been investigated. In this research, the fluid passes through a porous media, while a magnetic field has been applied to the system. Furthermore, the effects of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and natural convection have been studied. As a novelty, the effects of different shape factors have been investigated. In the first step, the governing equations are extracted from partial differential equations and then converted to ordinary differential equations (ODE) using the similarity solution. In the next step, the fifth-order Runge–Kutta method has been used to solve the related ODEs. The effects of parameters such as magnetic field, radiation parameter, porosity parameter, nanofluid volume fraction, and nanofluid shape factor on dimensionless velocity and temperature profile have been presented for single and hybrid nanofluid. The results showed that at $$\eta$$  = 2.5 for hybrid nanoparticles the shape factors lamina and spherical have the largest difference; lamina is smaller by 6%, also the results demonstrated that at $$\eta$$  = 2 with increasing Ha, the radial velocity reduced 9.68% for hybrid nanoparticles.