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Journal ArticleDOI

Investigation on Convective Heat Transfer and Flow Features of Nanofluids

01 Feb 2003-Journal of Heat Transfer-transactions of The Asme (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)-Vol. 125, Iss: 1, pp 151-155
TL;DR: In this article, an innovative new class of heat transfer fluids can be engineered by suspending metallic nanoparticles in conventional heat-transfer fluids, which are expected to exhibit high thermal conductivities compared to those of currently used heat transfer fluid, and they represent the best hope for enhancing heat transfer.
Abstract: Low thermal conductivity is a primary limitation in the development of energy-efficient heat transfer fluids that are required in many industrial applications. In this paper we propose that an innovative new class of heat transfer fluids can be engineered by suspending metallic nanoparticles in conventional heat transfer fluids. The resulting {open_quotes}nanofluids{close_quotes} are expected to exhibit high thermal conductivities compared to those of currently used heat transfer fluids, and they represent the best hope for enhancement of heat transfer. The results of a theoretical study of the thermal conductivity of nanofluids with copper nanophase materials are presented, the potential benefits of the fluids are estimated, and it is shown that one of the benefits of nanofluids will be dramatic reductions in heat exchanger pumping power.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the surface characterizations of functionalized nanoparticles are performed using different analysis such as XRD, EDS, SEM, TEM and FTIR to ensure long-term stability of nanofluids.

121 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Kim et al. as discussed by the authors used a confocal microscopy-based examination of the test section revealed that nanoparticle deposition on the boiling surface occurred during nanofluid boiling, but no definitive correlation between the nucleation site density and the heat transfer coefficient data could be found.

121 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of water-based Mn-Zn ferrite magnetic nanofluid in a counter-flow double-pipe heat exchanger under quadrupole magnetic field using the two-phase Euler-Lagrange method was investigated.

121 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The preparation of highly stable graphene (GE)-based nanofluids with ionic liquid as base fluids without any surfactant and the subsequent investigations on their thermal conductivity, specific heat, and viscosity show that the Ionanofluid is an ideal fluid for heat transfer and thermal storage.
Abstract: We report for the first time the preparation of highly stable graphene (GE)-based nanofluids with ionic liquid as base fluids (ionic liquid-based nanofluids (Ionanofluids)) without any surfactant and the subsequent investigations on their thermal conductivity, specific heat, and viscosity. The microstructure of the GE and MWCNTs are observed by transmission electron microscope. Thermal conductivity (TC), specific heat, and viscosity of these Ionanofluids were measured for different weight fractions and at varying temperatures, demonstrating that the Ionanofluids exhibit considerably higher TC and lower viscosity than that of their base fluids without significant specific heat decrease. An enhancement in TC by about 15.5% and 18.6% has been achieved at 25 °C and 65 °C respectively for the GE-based nanofluid at mass fraction of as low as 0.06%, which is larger than that of the MWCNT-dispersed nanofluid at the same loading. When the temperature rises, the TC and specific heat of the Ionanofluid increase clearly, while the viscosity decreases sharply. Moreover, the viscosity of the prepared Ionanofluids is lower than that of the base fluid. All these advantages of this new kind of Ionanofluid make it an ideal fluid for heat transfer and thermal storage.

121 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the stability and agglomeration state of silica nanofluids were obtained by dispersing the nanoparticles in distilled water using an ultrasonic probe, which has proved to be the most effective system and gives the best results when compared with previous works.

121 citations

References
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Book
01 Jan 1985
TL;DR: In this article, the physical concepts and methodologies of heat and mass transfer are explained for advanced undergraduate engineering majors, using a systematic method for problem solving and discusses the relationship of heat transfer to many important practical applications through examples and problems.
Abstract: This book, designed for advanced undergraduate engineering majors, explains the physical concepts and methodologies of heat and mass transfer. It uses a systematic method for problem solving and discusses the relationship of heat and mass transfer to many important practical applications through examples and problems. A and significant contribution is the extensive use of the First Law of thermodynamics.

4,113 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a Brookfield rotating viscometer to measure the viscosities of the dispersed fluids with γ-alumina (Al2O3) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles at a 10% volume concentration.
Abstract: Turbulent friction and heat transfer behaviors of dispersed fluids (i.e., uttrafine metallic oxide particles suspended in water) in a circular pipe were investigated experimentally. Viscosity measurements were also conducted using a Brookfield rotating viscometer. Two different metallic oxide particles, γ-alumina (Al2O3) and titanium dioxide (TiO2), with mean diameters of 13 and 27 nm, respectively, were used as suspended particles. The Reynolds and Prandtl numbers varied in the ranges l04-I05 and 6.5-12.3, respectively. The viscosities of the dispersed fluids with γ-Al2O3 and TiO2 particles at a 10% volume concentration were approximately 200 and 3 times greater than that of water, respectively. These viscosity results were significantly larger than the predictions from the classical theory of suspension rheology. Darcy friction factors for the dispersed fluids of the volume concentration ranging from 1% to 3% coincided well with Kays' correlation for turbulent flow of a single-phase fluid. The Nusselt n...

3,730 citations

Journal ArticleDOI

3,019 citations


"Investigation on Convective Heat Tr..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Hamilton and Crasser (1962) have developed a more elaborate model for the effective thermal conductivity of twocomponent mixtures as a function of the conductivity of the pure materials, the composition of the mixture, and the shape of the dispersed particles....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a transient hot-wire method was used to measure the thermal conductivity of a small amount of nanoparticles and the experimental results showed that these nanoparticles have substantially higher thermal conductivities than the same liquids without nanoparticles.
Abstract: Oxide nanofluids were produced and their thermal conductivities were measured by a transient hot-wire method. The experimental results show that these nanofluids, containing a small amount of nanoparticles, have substantially higher thermal conductivities than the same liquids without nanoparticles. Comparisons between experiments and the Hamilton and Crosser model show that the model can predict the thermal conductivity of nanofluids containing large agglomerated Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} particles. However, the model appears to be inadequate for nanofluids containing CuO particles. This suggests that not only particle shape but size is considered to be dominant in enhancing the thermal conductivity of nanofluids.

2,811 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed two different approaches for deriving heat transfer correlation of the nanofluid, and investigated the mechanism of heat transfer enhancement of the nano-fluid.

2,355 citations