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Journal ArticleDOI

Ireland's Furthest Shores: Irish Immigrant Settlement in Nineteenth-Century California and Eastern Australia

01 Feb 2002-Pacific Historical Review (University of California Press)-Vol. 71, Iss: 1, pp 59-90
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an open access version of the Pacific Historical Review (PHR) article, which is available and complies with the copyright holder/publisher conditions, provided that they are registered with and pay specified fee via Rightslink® on [Caliber (http://caliber.ucpress.net/)] or directly with the Copyright Clearance Center, http://www.copyright.com."
Abstract: An open access copy of this article is available and complies with the copyright holder/publisher conditions. Published as Pacific Historical Review 71 (1), 59-90. (2002) by University of California Press. Copying and permissions notice: Authorization to copy this content beyond fair use (as specified in Sections 107 and 108 of the U. S. Copyright Law) for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients, is granted by [the Regents of the University of California/on behalf of the Sponsoring Society] for libraries and other users, provided that they are registered with and pay the specified fee via Rightslink® on [Caliber (http://caliber.ucpress.net/)] or directly with the Copyright Clearance Center, http://www.copyright.com."
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors argue that families arriving with fewer skills and resources will struggle economically and this claim is challenging to test as lower-skilled migrations are more likely to arrive with fewer resources and skills.
Abstract: Proponents of restrictive immigration policies often claim that families arriving with fewer skills and resources will struggle economically. This claim is challenging to test as lower-skilled migr...

25 citations


Cites background or result from "Ireland's Furthest Shores: Irish Im..."

  • ...segmented labor markets, segregated schooling systems, and delineation from their counterparts of European Protestant descent (Campbell 2002)....

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  • ...There is also evidence that western US states attracted families from higher-status backgrounds in Ireland, who may have been better equipped for upward mobility (Campbell 2002)....

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  • ...Historians have Connor 27 highlighted that in western US states, where schooling outcomes were stronger, the Irish were more likely to be perceived as Europeans and “insiders” than in the Northeast (Burchell 1979; Campbell 2002)....

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  • ...Confirming prior arguments by historians (e.g., Thernstrom 1973; Casey 1996; Meagher 2001), I show that upward mobility was curtailed in the traditional Irish communities of the Northeast....

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  • ...In many northeastern cities, the Irish faced ethnically and racially 8 International Migration Review 54(1) segmented labor markets, segregated schooling systems, and delineation from their counterparts of European Protestant descent (Campbell 2002)....

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Dissertation
01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: The authors examines the arc of Irish-Catholic identity in Griffintown, a working-class neighbourhood of Montreal, over the course of the "long" twentieth century, from 1868 to 2009.
Abstract: This dissertation examines the arc of Irish-Catholic identity in Griffintown, a working-class neighbourhood of Montreal, over the course of the "long" twentieth century, from 1868 to 2009. Griffintown is significant as it was both the first and last Irish-Catholic neighbourhood of the city. Situating the working-class Irish-Catholics of Griffintown within a postcolonial framework, this dissertation examines the development and functioning of a diasporic Irish culture in Montreal. We see how that culture operated in Griffintown, at times shielding the residents of the neighbourhood from goings on in the wider city and nation, and at other times allowing for the forging of common cause across class lines within the Irish-Catholic community of Montreal. In the years following World War II, Irish-Catholic Griffintown disappeared from the landscape, owing to depopulation and the physical destruction of the neighbourhood. We then see how Irish-Catholic identity in Montreal as a whole broke down, as the Irish made common cause with the Anglo-Protestants of the city to forge a new alliance: Anglo-Montreal. Thus situated, the Anglophone population of the city girded itself in a defensive posture for the linguistic, cultural, economic, and constitutional strife that dominated life in Montreal over the second half of the twentieth century. In the years since the second referendum on Quebec sovereignty in 1995, Irish identity has undergone a renaissance of sorts in Montreal, due to both developments locally and the reinvigoration of the Irish diaspora globally since the 1980s. In this process, we see the intersection of history and memory as Griffintown has become the site of Irish memory and remembrance on Montreal's cultural landscape. The Irish of Montreal, then, have used Griffintown as a means of claiming their space on the cultural landscape of the city and to demonstrate their long-standing connection to Montreal. In effect, Griffintown has allowed the Irish in Montreal to re-claim their stake as one of Montreal's "founding nations."

20 citations

01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: In this article, the first in-depth biography of Dr James Stewart (1829-1906), an Ulster Presbyterian doctor who spent his prime years in Victoria between 1852 and 1869, is presented.
Abstract: This thesis is the first in-depth biography of Dr James Stewart (1829-1906), an Ulster Presbyterian doctor who spent his prime years in Victoria between 1852 and 1869. It answers the question of who James Stewart was and why such an important actor in the history of Ballarat and colonial Victoria has been almost completely ignored by the historical record. The thesis explores the themes of identity and class by revealing the elements that shaped who Stewart was as well as his contributions to Ballarat and the colony through his medical work, civic duty, philanthropy and capitalist investment. Beginning with his early life in rural Ulster and medical education in Dublin, insight is provided into his emigration as a ship’s surgeon to the Ballarat goldfields in the context of the Irish diaspora. New light is thrown on the formative experience of ships’ surgeons and their role in the development of colonial medicine and civic duty; medical care available on the goldfields and during the events of the Eureka Stockade; and the professionalisation of medicine in colonial Victoria. In pursuing the biographical method advocated by Robert Rotberg, in the absence of personal records, it makes extensive use of newspapers and the archives of the institutions to which he contributed significantly. Interpretative and speculative methods are employed to carefully analyse his detailed will and obituaries. This study finds that Stewart’s flexible identity facilitated his involvement with a variety of community, class and social groups. Examination of his religious influences provides new understanding of Ulster Presbyterians and the Anglo-Irish in Victoria and challenges Patrick O’Farrell’s claim that the Anglo-Irish in Australia were right-wing conservatives. A major contributor to the development of Ballarat, a visionary and generous benefactor, James Stewart’s legacy continues to have an impact more than a century after his death.%%%%Doctor of Philosophy

12 citations

References
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Book
01 Jan 1963

83 citations

Book
01 Jan 1998

63 citations

Book
01 Jan 1976

38 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In the early 1800s, the great migrations of German and Protestant Irish immigrants that settled the colonies in the eighteenth century largely passed New England by as discussed by the authors, but the major direction of their movement shifted to the less-populated frontier sections of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and the Carolinas.
Abstract: NEW ENGLANDERS HAVE TRADITIONALLY prided themselves on their exclusiveness. The signs of obvious unwelcome that awaited the Quakers in the seventeenth century continued in less strident though always visible forms in the eighteenth century. No one attempted to lynch the Scotch-Irish Presbyterian immigrants who tried to land at Boston port in the 1720s, but mobs gathered to prevent their settling. The familiar arguments were made: immigrants were likely to become public charges, "foreigners" would eat Bostonians out of house and home, they represented unfair competition to the native-born working classes. Some Scotch-Irish immigrants made their way to, Maine, Vermont, and New Hampshire, but the major direction of their movement shifted to the less-populated frontier sections of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and the Carolinas. The great migrations of German and Protestant Irish immigrants that settled the colonies in the eighteenth century largely passed New England by. At the opening of the nineteenth century that section and its leading city remained the most ethnically and culturally homogeneous area of the nation.' The migration of Roman Catholic Irish immigrants, which began in small numbers after the War of 1 8 12 and continued in ever-increasing numbers after the 183os, changed all that. By i855 some fifty thousand Irish lived in the city of the Puritans.2 Their presence-in Boston and throughout the nation-their "ideology," their faith, and their views on slavery and social change had a profound effect on the American political system in the antebellum years. The migration of this essentially conservative ethnic group coincided with a major era of radical social change and reform in America and presented a, serious dilemma for the antislavery movement.

30 citations