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Journal ArticleDOI

Irregular Migrants under Criminal Sanctions: Rehabilitation and After-Care Perspectives in Greece

01 Dec 2012-European journal of probation (SAGE Publications)-Vol. 4, Iss: 3, pp 37-53
TL;DR: Developing the rehabilitation idea and organizing better its elaboration becomes even more difficult but also more imperative for the penitentiary policy of the country.
Abstract: Prisoners’ rehabilitation is not explicitly included in the basic principles of Greek Penitentiary Code; though, it is adopted in several articles of this Code, as well as in other relevant national legislation and international binding legal instruments. In a country where the number of the irregular migrants 1 is estimated circa half a million persons and the proportion of aliens in prisons has climbed above 50% of the total number of prison population during the last years, the challenged issue of the rehabilitation effort especially for irregular migrants, during the execution of criminal sanctions and after their release from prisons, becomes a statistically crucial reality that must be managed effectively. We cannot talk about prisoners’ rehabilitation, if we are going to ignore and exclude the most numerous group of them out of the whole effort and procedure. Under this perspective, developing the rehabilitation idea and organizing better its elaboration becomes even more difficult but also more imperative for the penitentiary policy of the country.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The core alternative measures in Greece have traditionally been implemented without supervision in the community, since the early 1990s, however, new community measures have been introduced, follow... as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The core alternative measures in Greece have traditionally been implemented without supervision in the community. Since the early 1990s, however, new community measures have been introduced, follow...

4 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine how groups of non-Greek nationals fare at different stages of criminal justice within the broader social and political context and whether the prejudice and stereotyping against the foreign population affects directly or indirectly the attitudes of stakeholders of social control and how this escalates, in extreme cases, into hostility, racism, and xenophobic violence against them during the years of crisis.
Abstract: During the last two decades, the overrepresentation of foreign nationals in the Greek criminal justice system constitutes a critical issue. By exploring the available statistical data and relevant surveys, this article attempts to examine how, on the one hand, groups of non-Greek nationals fare at different stages of criminal justice within the broader social and political context and whether, on the other hand, the prejudice and stereotyping against the foreign population affects directly or indirectly the attitudes of stakeholders of social control and how this escalates, in extreme cases, into hostility, racism, and xenophobic violence against them during the years of crisis.

3 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2018
TL;DR: In this article, the potential risk factors of irregular migration flows on the Western Balkan route were explored, focusing on migrant smuggling and human trafficking, analyzing their consequences on violence and crime to the European Union countries.
Abstract: Highly diverse irregular migratory waves on the Western Balkan route marked an unprecedented phenomenon during the period of 2011–2015. These flows exposed them to harsh violation of human rights. In some cases, irregular migrants were treated as commodities and overlapping migrant smuggling with human trafficking. Smuggling and trafficking networks widely developed and caused negative consequences on migrants’ agency. Various severe conflicts and violent incidents were recorded at and around the borders of the Western Balkans. The article explores the potential risk factors of the irregular migration flows on the Western Balkan route. It focuses on migrant smuggling and human trafficking, analyzing their consequences on violence and crime to the European Union countries. The methodological approach of the study is based on qualitative research employing both secondary data and empirical evidence.

3 citations

Posted Content
01 Jan 1999
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe various characteristics of illegal migrants in Greece, i.e., country of original marital status, age, sex, education and occupation, as they are reported in their application forms for residence and work permit.
Abstract: This paper describes various characteristics of illegal migrants in Greece, i.e. country of original marital status, age, sex, education and occupation, as they are reported in their application forms for residence and work permit. It also examines the factors that may affect the migrants choice of location within Greece, and the effect that their illegal status may have upon this decision. The regression analysis suggests substantial differences between men and women in same respects but common behavior in terms of risk aversion.

1 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors considers the variety of theoretical justifications, or moral arguments, which have been put forward to support approaches that can be broadly described as "rehabilitative" and argues that justifications which emphasise offenders, victims and/or communities as beneficiaries of rehabilitation need not be in conflict; nor should probation services have to choose between the broad ranges of stakeholders they are potentially able to serve.
Abstract: This article considers the variety of theoretical justifications, or moral arguments, which have been put forward to support approaches that can be broadly described as ‘rehabilitative’. The article takes an historical approach, tracing the development of ideas supportive of rehabilitation which begins with the origins of probation in England & Wales, and the Christian mission to ‘save souls’. In the twentieth century context, we consider the emergence of a utilitarian emphasis on maximising decent and productive members of society, subsequently challenged by arguments which emphasised stateobligated or ‘rights-based’ rehabilitation. More recently, utilitarian arguments emphasising rehabilitation’s contribution to public safety and ‘risk reduction’ have risen to the fore. However, we argue that justifications which emphasise offenders, victims and/or communities as beneficiaries of rehabilitation need not be in conflict; nor should probation services have to choose between the broad ranges of stakeholders they are potentially able to serve.

57 citations


"Irregular Migrants under Criminal S..." refers background in this paper

  • ...However, the desirability of rehabilitation is not something that should be taken for granted (Raynor & Robinson, 2009) for the Greek penitentiary policy, especially considering the foreign prisoners that lumps into the category of irregular migrants....

    [...]

  • ...…principle of the Penitentiary System either as a right of the offenders or as a benefit of potential victims and the (not only Greek) communities (Raynor & Robinson, 2009) is becoming a important field for the rational and humanitarian management of the Criminal Justice System as a whole....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented some descriptive characteristics of the migrants, including country of origin, marital status, education, age, profession and place of residence, and provided an analysis of migrants' choice of location within Greece, showing that the majority of illegal migrants are manual or unskilled workers seeking employment mainly in the agricultural sector or in urban areas.
Abstract: Data on illegal migration to Greece have recently become available from the Greek Employment Observatory. This article presents some descriptive characteristics of the migrants, including country of origin, marital status, education, age, profession and place of residence. It also provides an analysis of migrants' choice of location within Greece. The majority of illegal migrants are manual or unskilled workers seeking employment mainly in the agricultural sector or in urban areas. There is substantial differentiation between males and females in terms of age, education, marital status and profession. In a limited sense, the data provide support for the idea of “feminization” of migration flows. Large flows of migrants are directed to the urban centres but migration as a proportion of county populations is not higher for the big urban centres (Athens and Thessaloniki) than for others. Migrants' choice of place of residence are not affected by the rate of unemployment. Males are attracted to areas with significant agricultural production and females to urban centres. Females are willing to travel longer distances in order to find employment, but for males distance is an insignificant factor. Per capita gross domestic product is an important factor only when migration flows are measured as a proportion of the population. Although the analysis does not justify strong policy statements, it indirectly provides some basis for arguing that allowing or tolerating illegal migration is not the best policy from the point of view of national interest.

40 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Lambropoulou1

5 citations


"Irregular Migrants under Criminal S..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Ii should be added that in Greece there are good-time regulations for prisoners (Pitsela, 2010, Lambropoulou, 2001, Meurer, 1994, Frangoulis, 1994) who either work or take part in training programmes....

    [...]