Is China Becoming Neoliberal
TL;DR: This article argued that contemporary China has recently been seen as in the throes of ''neoliberal restructuring'' and this claim is contested on theoretical and methodological grounds, arguing that during the period of economic liberaliza...
Abstract: Contemporary China has recently been seen as in the throes of `neoliberal restructuring'. This claim is contested on theoretical and methodological grounds. During the period of economic liberaliza...
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Journal Article•
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TL;DR: This article argued that the British Empire was a " liberal" empire that upheld international law, kept the seas open and free, and ultimately benefited everyone by ensuring the free flow of trade.
Abstract: From a world history perspective, the most noticeable trend in the history of the late 19th century was the domination of Europeans over NonEuropeans. This domination took many forms ranging from economic penetration to outright annexation. No area of the globe, however remote from Europe, was free of European merchants, adventurers, explorers or western missionaries. Was colonialism good for either the imperialist or the peoples of the globe who found themselves subjects of one empire or another? A few decades ago, the answer would have been a resounding no. Now, in the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union, the more or less widespread discrediting of Marxist and Leninist analysis, and the end of the Cold War, political scientists and historians seem willing to take a more positive look at Nineteenth Century Imperialism. One noted current historian, Niall Ferguson has argued that the British Empire probably accomplished more positive good for the world than the last generation of historians, poisoned by Marxism, could or would concede. Ferguson has argued that the British Empire was a \" liberal \" empire that upheld international law, kept the seas open and free, and ultimately benefited everyone by ensuring the free flow of trade. In other words, Ferguson would find little reason to contradict the young Winston Churchill's assertion that the aim of British imperialism was to: give peace to warring tribes, to administer justice where all was violence, to strike the chains off the slave, to draw the richness from the soil, to place the earliest seeds of commerce and learning, to increase in whole peoples their capacities for pleasure and diminish their chances of pain. It should come as no surprise that Ferguson regards the United States current position in the world as the natural successor to the British Empire and that the greatest danger the U.S. represents is that the world will not get enough American Imperialism because U.S. leaders often have short attention spans and tend to pull back troops when intervention becomes unpopular. It will be very interesting to check back into the debate on Imperialism about ten years from now and see how Niall Ferguson's point of view has fared! The other great school of thought about Imperialism is, of course, Marxist. For example, Marxist historians like E.J. Hobsbawm argue that if we look at the l9th century as a great competition for the world's wealth and …
2,001 citations
TL;DR: Flexible Citizenship: The Cultural Logics of Transnationality by Aihwa Ong as discussed by the authors is a seminal work in the field of transnationality. ix. 322 pp., notes, bibliography, index.
Abstract: Flexible Citizenship: The Cultural Logics of Transnationality. Aihwa Ong. Durham, NIC: Duke University Press, 1999. ix. 322 pp., notes, bibliography, index.
1,517 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore theories, discourses, and experiences of globalization, drawing on perspectives from history, anthropology, cultural and literary studies, geography, political economy, and sociology.
Abstract: COURSE DESCRIPTION In popular and scholarly discourse, the term \"globalization\" is widely used to put a name to the shape of the contemporary world. In the realms of advertising, a variety of media, policymaking, politics, academia, and everyday talk, \"globalization\" references the sense that we now live in a deeply and everincreasingly interconnected, mobile, and speeded-up world that is unprecedented, fueled by technological innovations and geopolitical and economic transformations. Drawing on perspectives from history, anthropology, cultural and literary studies, geography, political economy, and sociology, this course will explore theories, discourses, and experiences of globalization.
311 citations
TL;DR: The authors explores the critical case of Chinese capitalism and considers the extent to which the Chinese economy can be meaningfully characterized as a capitalist; the character of its state form and recent development path and its position within conventional understandings of capitalist variety.
Abstract: The ‘varieties of capitalism’ framework represents an influential methodological innovation in the field of comparative political economy. It seeks to account for enduring spatial variations in national economic performance by recourse to macroinstitutional analysis, drawing ideal-type distinctions between liberal market economies, modeled on USA, and coordinated market economies, modeled on Germany. Moving beyond critiques of varieties literature—for instance, its methodological nationalism; its preoccupation with limited, formal registers of (national) institutional variety; its growing reliance on rational-choice, firm-centric methods; its failure to account for the pronounced interpenetration and mutual dependence of capitalist economies and its tendency to privilege typological elaboration over causal explanation—this article explores the critical (counter?) case of Chinese capitalism. It considers the extent to which the Chinese economy can be meaningfully characterized as capitalist; the character of its state form and recent development path and its position within—or beyond—conventional understandings of capitalist variety.
277 citations
Cites background from "Is China Becoming Neoliberal"
...…resort to what might appear to be openly oxymoronic (not to say willfully contradictory) formulations like ‘neoliberal developmentalism’ (Ji, 2006) and ‘state neoliberalism’ (Chu and So, 2010), while others prefer to dissent from the trope of neoliberalism altogether (Kipnis, 2007; Nonini, 2008)....
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...As a result, there is increasing resort to what might appear to be openly oxymoronic (not to say willfully contradictory) formulations like ‘neoliberal developmentalism’ (Ji, 2006) and ‘state neoliberalism’ (Chu and So, 2010), while others prefer to dissent from the trope of neoliberalism altogether (Kipnis, 2007; Nonini, 2008)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the explanatory status of neoliberalism, before and since the global crisis of 2008, has been examined in the form of a reflection on the explanatory and political status of the ideology.
Abstract: The paper takes the form of a reflection on the explanatory status of neoliberalism, before and since the global crisis of 2008. Prior to the crisis, political-economic conceptions of neoliberalism as a hegemonic grid and as a relatively robust regime of state-facilitated market rule were being received with growing skepticism by some poststructural critics, while some ethnographers found the accompanying conceptual tools rather too blunt for their methodological purposes. The fact, however, that the global crisis—far from marking an inauspicious end to the regime of market rule—seems to have brought about something like a redoubling of its intensity and reach has prompted a reconsideration, in some quarters, of the explanatory and political status of neoliberalism. This, in turn, has opened up some new avenues of dialog between structural and poststructural treatments of neoliberalism, and between ethnographic and political-economic approaches, while at the same time highlighting a series of cont...
270 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: The Neoliberal State and Neoliberalism with 'Chinese Characteristics' as mentioned in this paper is an example of the Neoliberal state in the context of Chinese characteristics of Chinese people and its relationship with Chinese culture.
Abstract: Introduction 1 Freedom's Just Another Word 2 The Construction of Consent 3 The Neoliberal State 4 Uneven Geographical Developments 5 Neoliberalism with 'Chinese Characteristics' 6 Neoliberalism on Trial 7 Freedom's Prospect Notes Bibliography Index
10,062 citations
8,455 citations
7,342 citations
6,944 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: Postmodernism has been particularly important in acknowledging 'the multiple forms of otherness as they emerge from differences in subjectivity, gender and sexuality, race and class, temporal and spatial geographic locations and dislocations'.
Abstract: Postmodernism has been particularly important in acknowledging 'the multiple forms of otherness as they emerge from differences in subjectivity, gender and sexuality, race and class, temporal and spatial geographic locations and dislocations'. Postmodernism also ought to be looked at as mimetic of the social, economic, and political practices in society. The meta-narratives that the postmodernists decry were much more open, nuanced, and sophisticated than the critics admit. The rhetoric of postmodernism is dangerous for it avoids confronting the realities of political economy and the circumstances of global power. The sharp categorical distinction between modernism and postmodernism disappears, to be replaced by an examination of the flux of internal relations within capitalism as a whole. The reproduction of the social and symbolic order through the exploration of difference and 'otherness' is all too evident in the climate of postmodernism.
6,899 citations