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Journal ArticleDOI

ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Converter: Mitigation of $2\omega$ -Ripple and Uncertainty, and Improvement in Dynamic Performance

01 Apr 2020-IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE))-Vol. 35, Iss: 4, pp 4353-4364
TL;DR: The proposed ISM-based controller amalgamates SMC with a new dual-loop adaptive PID-control (as the nominal control) and supports the reduction of $2\omega$-ripple at the input of converter.
Abstract: In controller design, the classical control techniques have their distinct advantages and capabilities. The integral sliding-mode control (ISMC) leverages the merits of such control techniques by allowing their merger with the sliding-mode control (SMC). ISMC is composed of two components, a nominal control designed using any methodology and a discontinuous-SMC, and thus the system can have specified performance with high degree of robustness. The proposed work achieves multiple objectives, i.e., mitigates $2\omega$ -ripple, ensures robustness, and improves dynamic performance. The proposed ISM-based controller amalgamates SMC with a new dual-loop adaptive PID-control (as the nominal control). The discontinuous-SMC part ensures robustness against the matched-uncertainty, i.e., disturbances entering through the input channel such as parametric variations, exogenous disturbances, modeling-error, and the nominal control mitigate $2\omega$ -ripple at the input of dc–dc–ac converter. Moreover, the adaptive nature of nominal control improves the system performance at the large line-load transients unlike the conventional control. Furthermore, the proposed controller supports the reduction of $2\omega$ -ripple at the input of converter. The proposed control scheme is validated using 1-kW prototype.
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper provides a comprehensive review of the control approaches and the power-decoupling topologies to mitigate the ripple problem in the single-phase inverters, its solutions, and discusses open challenges yet to be addressed.
Abstract: This paper provides a comprehensive review of the control approaches and the power-decoupling topologies to mitigate 2ω-ripple problem in the single-phase inverters, its solutions, and discusses open challenges yet to be addressed. The cause and effects of 2ω-ripple problem and its solution based on the passive and active power-decoupling techniques are discussed. A subcategory of the active power-decoupling technique nominated as the control-oriented compensation technique is reviewed in detail, this technique can achieve the ripple-mitigation at the source through the control but not necessarily adds extra circuit or active filter to the system. The control-oriented compensation techniques can be applied in the two-stage DC-DC-AC converters and the single-stage inverters having a front-end control capability with the H-bridge such as in the quasi-switched-boost inverters. The merits and associated challenges of these techniques are listed and summarized in a tabular form. Finally, a conclusive discussion with open challenges is presented.

39 citations


Cites background from "ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..."

  • ...Effect of bandwidth of voltage-loop in dual-loop control: trade-off between ripple-reduction and dynamic performance of DC-DC-AC converter [107]....

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  • ...Comparison of simulation results for different voltage-loop bandwidths or fv [107](see Fig....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a single-phase ac to three-phase AC converter that uses a small film capacitor instead of large electrolytic capacitors is proposed, and its performance is evaluated through both simulations and experiments.
Abstract: Single-phase ac to three-phase ac converters are needed in numerous applications, including motor drives used for residential applications. These converters, however, suffer from an inherent problem of mismatch between instantaneous input and output powers. Specifically, the instantaneous input power has a dc component along with an alternating component with double-line frequency, while the three-phase instantaneous output power is only dc. Conventional single-phase ac to three-phase ac converters use large electrolytic capacitors to handle this mismatch of power. However, these electrolytic capacitors may have high failure rates, which contribute to reduced lifetime of the converters. Moreover, these capacitors can be bulky and heavy. This article introduces a new single-phase ac to three-phase ac converter that uses a small film capacitor instead of large electrolytic capacitors. Despite using a small film capacitor, the double-line frequency harmonic does not appear at the input or output currents/voltages. The principles of the operation of the proposed topology are presented in this article, and its performance is evaluated through both simulations and experiments.

8 citations


Cites methods from "ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..."

  • ...Using a dual-loop control method based on sliding mode control is reported in [32] that mitigates 2ω ripples as well....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the state model of the dc-dc boost converter is modified in such a way that it behaves like a minimum-phase system, where the control input entering the state equation for the output voltage is treated as an unknown disturbance to make the relative degree of the system equal the system's order.
Abstract: The nonminimum-phase property of the dc–dc boost converter can create difficulties in designing a stable, robust, and fast control for the output voltage. In this article, these difficulties are reduced by modifying the state model of the boost converter in such a way that it behaves like a minimum-phase system. More specifically, the control input entering the state equation for the output voltage is treated as an unknown disturbance to make the relative degree of the system equal the system’s order. As a result, the modified model does not exhibit zero dynamics, so that it can be treated as a minimum-phase system for the control design. The modified model is, then, used to derive a dynamic compensator for the output voltage regulation. More explicitly, the dynamic compensator is designed based on combining linearizing feedback control with a disturbance observer. The latter is employed to compensate for model uncertainties and unknown load with a view to ensure asymptotic regulation under the composite controller. The asymptotic regulation is achieved due to the integral action property characterizing the disturbance observer. More interestingly, after simple algebraic manipulation, it turns out that the composite controller reduces to a dynamic state feedback control plus an antiwindup scheme to mitigate the effect of control saturation during transients. The performance of the proposed controller is verified by experimental tests. The experimental results demonstrate the ability of the proposed controller to achieve good transient and steady-state performances.

6 citations

DOI
TL;DR: In this article , the state model of the dc-dc boost converter is modified in such a way that it behaves like a minimum-phase system, where the control input entering the state equation for the output voltage is treated as an unknown disturbance to make the relative degree of the system equal the system's order.
Abstract: The nonminimum-phase property of the dc–dc boost converter can create difficulties in designing a stable, robust, and fast control for the output voltage. In this article, these difficulties are reduced by modifying the state model of the boost converter in such a way that it behaves like a minimum-phase system. More specifically, the control input entering the state equation for the output voltage is treated as an unknown disturbance to make the relative degree of the system equal the system’s order. As a result, the modified model does not exhibit zero dynamics, so that it can be treated as a minimum-phase system for the control design. The modified model is, then, used to derive a dynamic compensator for the output voltage regulation. More explicitly, the dynamic compensator is designed based on combining linearizing feedback control with a disturbance observer. The latter is employed to compensate for model uncertainties and unknown load with a view to ensure asymptotic regulation under the composite controller. The asymptotic regulation is achieved due to the integral action property characterizing the disturbance observer. More interestingly, after simple algebraic manipulation, it turns out that the composite controller reduces to a dynamic state feedback control plus an antiwindup scheme to mitigate the effect of control saturation during transients. The performance of the proposed controller is verified by experimental tests. The experimental results demonstrate the ability of the proposed controller to achieve good transient and steady-state performances.

5 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a series linear regulator and a high-frequency high-power dc interleaved converter were proposed to obtain a low level of the output ripple as well as the limited value of the stored energy.
Abstract: High-voltage dc power supplies (HVDCPSs) have been widely adopted for the vacuum tubes. In this application field, the low ripple voltage cannot be easily achieved by increasing the size of the output capacitance of the HVDCPS due to the limited permissible level of the stored energy. To obtain a low level of the output ripple as well as the limited value of the stored energy, the previously published literature proposed switching frequency increment. This approach has several shortcomings such as switching power loss increment, a limited level of the achievable ripple, and low value of the insulators’ lifetime. To improve the mentioned deficiencies, this article hybridizes the series linear regulator and a high-frequency high-power dc interleaved converter. Using the proposed method, at the first stage, the level of the ripple decreases to a rational margin with increasing the ripple frequency. At the second stage, the level of the ripple reduces using the linear regulator to reach the expected precision. In order to validate the performance of the proposed structure, simulation and experimental results are provided for a 15-kV and 22.5-kW converter with the output voltage precision of 0.02%.

4 citations


Cites background from "ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..."

  • ..., mitigates 2ω-ripple, ensures robustness, and improves dynamic performance [19], [20]....

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References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an energy-efficient, fuel-cell power-conditioning system (PCS) for stationary application, which reduces the variations in the current drawn from the fuelcell stack and can potentially meet the $40/kW cost target, is described.
Abstract: We describe an energy-efficient, fuel-cell power-conditioning system (PCS) for stationary application, which reduces the variations in the current drawn from the fuel-cell stack and can potentially meet the $40/kW cost target. The PCS consists of a zero-ripple boost converter (ZRBC) followed by a soft-switched and multilevel high-frequency (HF) inverter and a single-phase cycloconverter. The ZRBC comprises a new zero-ripple filter (ZRF), which significantly reduces the input low- and high-frequency current ripples, thereby potentially enhancing the durability of the stack. A new phase-shifted sinewave modulation of the multilevel HF inverter is proposed, which results in the zero-voltage switching (ZVS) of all four switches without the use of any auxiliary circuit components. For such a sine wave modulation technique, >90% ZVS range is obtained per line cycle for about 70% of the rated load. Further, the line-frequency switching of the cycloconverter (at close to unity power factor) results in extremely low switching losses. The intermediate dc bus facilitates the inclusion of power systems based on other forms of alternative-energy techniques (e.g., photovoltaic/high-voltage stack). A 5 kW prototype of the proposed PCS is built, which currently achieves a peak efficiency of 92.4%. We present a detailed description of the operation of the PCS along with its key features and advantages. Finally, experimental results showing the satisfactory performance and the operation of the PCS are demonstrated.

234 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
16 Jun 2005
TL;DR: In this article, an advanced active control technique is proposed to incorporate a current control loop in the dc-dc converter for ripple reduction, and the proposed active ripple reduction method has been verified with computer simulation and hardware experiment with a proton exchange membrane type fuel cell using a multiphase dc/dc converter along with a full-bridge dc-ac inverter.
Abstract: A fuel cell power system that contains a single-phase dc-ac inverter tends to draw an ac ripple current at twice the output frequency. Such a ripple current may shorten fuel cell life span and worsen the fuel efficiency due to the hysteresis effect. The most obvious impact is it tends to reduce the fuel cell output capacity because the fuel cell controller trips under instantaneous over-current condition. In this paper, the ripple current propagation path is analyzed, and its linearized ac model is derived. The equivalent circuit model and ripple current reduction with passive energy storage component are simulated and verified with experiments. An advanced active control technique is then proposed to incorporate a current control loop in the dc-dc converter for ripple reduction. The proposed active ripple reduction method has been verified with computer simulation and hardware experiment with a proton exchange membrane type fuel cell using a multiphase dc/dc converter along with a full-bridge dc-ac inverter. Test results with open loop, single voltage loop, and the proposed active current-loop control are provided for comparison

229 citations


"ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..." refers background or methods in this paper

  • ...2) The performance of conventional PID control in dual-loop scheme [14] is improved by the proposed adaptive PID control; the proposed adaptive PID control mitigates the SHC ripple problem and improves dynamic performance at the large line-load transients....

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  • ...following steps are used to design PID controller [14], Step-1: Integral action of a pole at origin eliminates steadystate error....

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  • ...It is to be noted that the bandwidth of the current-loop is kept fixed and comparatively large such that the interaction between inner and outer loop is avoided at the steady state [14]....

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  • ...In [14], a dual-loop control method using PID controllers is proposed for a multiphase two-stage inverter....

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  • ...The adaptive nature of the proposed PID-controller improves the method used in [14] by enhancing the dynamic performance of the system....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the same approach of integral sliding mode control is ineffective in alleviating the converter's steady-state regulation error and the error increases as the converter switching frequency decreases, and an additional double-integral term of the controlled variables is proposed for constructing the sliding surface of indirect sliding mode controllers.
Abstract: The steady-state regulation error in power converters that use the conventional hysteresis-modulation-based sliding mode controller can be suppressed through the incorporation of an additional integral term of the state variables into the controller. However, it is found that with the indirect type of sliding mode controller (derived based on the equivalent control approach), the same approach of integral sliding mode control is ineffective in alleviating the converter's steady-state error. Moreover, the error increases as the converter's switching frequency decreases. This paper presents an in-depth study of the phenomenon and offers a solution to the problem. Specifically, it is proposed that an additional double-integral term of the controlled variables to be adopted for constructing the sliding surface of indirect sliding mode controllers. Simulation and experimental results are provided for verification.

199 citations


"ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..." refers background in this paper

  • ...It is worth noting that ISM should not be mistaken with integral term added in conventional sliding surface proposed by some researches [24], [25]....

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Book
23 Sep 2009
TL;DR: High Performance Robust Controller Design Using Nonlinear Surface and Multi-objective Sliding Mode Design Using Full-Order Lyapunov Matrix for Multi-Rate Output Feedback.
Abstract: High Performance Robust Controller Design Using Nonlinear Surface.- High Performance Tracking Controller for Discrete Plant Using Nonlinear Surface.- An Improvement in Performance of Input-Delay System Using Nonlinear Sliding Surface.- Integral Sliding Mode Based Composite Nonlinear Feedback Control.- Multi-objective Sliding Mode Design Using Full-Order Lyapunov Matrix.- Lyapunov-Based Sliding Mode Control with Multi-Rate Output Feedback.

194 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The objective is to exploit the merits of the DISMC for designing an MPPT for PV system whilst the disadvantages of chattering and slow transient response are alleviated by choosing a new sliding surface.
Abstract: This brief proposes a new maximum power point tracker (MPPT) for a stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system using the concept of double integral sliding mode controller (DISMC). Performance of a sliding mode controller (SMC) is greatly influenced by the choice of the sliding surface. A double integral SMC uses double integral of tracking voltage error term in its sliding surface to eliminate steady-state error apart from providing robust control actions in face of system uncertainties. However, there is still difficulty of increased chattering and slow transient response in DISMC. In this brief, the objective is to exploit the merits of the DISMC for designing an MPPT for PV system whilst the disadvantages of chattering and slow transient response are alleviated by choosing a new sliding surface. The design of this new DISMC-MPPT system considers the uncertainties in weather conditions and variations in load. This MPPT has been implemented using a pulsewidth modulator controlled dc/dc converter to keep the switching frequency constant. Thus, designing the control and filter circuits becomes simpler. The effectiveness of the proposed DISMC has been validated using simulation and experimental results using a prototype PV control system setup.

150 citations


"ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..." refers background in this paper

  • ...It is worth noting that ISM should not be mistaken with integral term added in conventional sliding surface proposed by some researches [24], [25]....

    [...]