ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Converter: Mitigation of $2\omega$ -Ripple and Uncertainty, and Improvement in Dynamic Performance
01 Apr 2020-IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE))-Vol. 35, Iss: 4, pp 4353-4364
TL;DR: The proposed ISM-based controller amalgamates SMC with a new dual-loop adaptive PID-control (as the nominal control) and supports the reduction of $2\omega$-ripple at the input of converter.
Abstract: In controller design, the classical control techniques have their distinct advantages and capabilities. The integral sliding-mode control (ISMC) leverages the merits of such control techniques by allowing their merger with the sliding-mode control (SMC). ISMC is composed of two components, a nominal control designed using any methodology and a discontinuous-SMC, and thus the system can have specified performance with high degree of robustness. The proposed work achieves multiple objectives, i.e., mitigates $2\omega$ -ripple, ensures robustness, and improves dynamic performance. The proposed ISM-based controller amalgamates SMC with a new dual-loop adaptive PID-control (as the nominal control). The discontinuous-SMC part ensures robustness against the matched-uncertainty, i.e., disturbances entering through the input channel such as parametric variations, exogenous disturbances, modeling-error, and the nominal control mitigate $2\omega$ -ripple at the input of dc–dc–ac converter. Moreover, the adaptive nature of nominal control improves the system performance at the large line-load transients unlike the conventional control. Furthermore, the proposed controller supports the reduction of $2\omega$ -ripple at the input of converter. The proposed control scheme is validated using 1-kW prototype.
Citations
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TL;DR: This paper provides a comprehensive review of the control approaches and the power-decoupling topologies to mitigate the ripple problem in the single-phase inverters, its solutions, and discusses open challenges yet to be addressed.
Abstract: This paper provides a comprehensive review of the control approaches and the power-decoupling topologies to mitigate 2ω-ripple problem in the single-phase inverters, its solutions, and discusses open challenges yet to be addressed. The cause and effects of 2ω-ripple problem and its solution based on the passive and active power-decoupling techniques are discussed. A subcategory of the active power-decoupling technique nominated as the control-oriented compensation technique is reviewed in detail, this technique can achieve the ripple-mitigation at the source through the control but not necessarily adds extra circuit or active filter to the system. The control-oriented compensation techniques can be applied in the two-stage DC-DC-AC converters and the single-stage inverters having a front-end control capability with the H-bridge such as in the quasi-switched-boost inverters. The merits and associated challenges of these techniques are listed and summarized in a tabular form. Finally, a conclusive discussion with open challenges is presented.
39 citations
Cites background from "ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..."
...Effect of bandwidth of voltage-loop in dual-loop control: trade-off between ripple-reduction and dynamic performance of DC-DC-AC converter [107]....
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...Comparison of simulation results for different voltage-loop bandwidths or fv [107](see Fig....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a single-phase ac to three-phase AC converter that uses a small film capacitor instead of large electrolytic capacitors is proposed, and its performance is evaluated through both simulations and experiments.
Abstract: Single-phase ac to three-phase ac converters are needed in numerous applications, including motor drives used for residential applications. These converters, however, suffer from an inherent problem of mismatch between instantaneous input and output powers. Specifically, the instantaneous input power has a dc component along with an alternating component with double-line frequency, while the three-phase instantaneous output power is only dc. Conventional single-phase ac to three-phase ac converters use large electrolytic capacitors to handle this mismatch of power. However, these electrolytic capacitors may have high failure rates, which contribute to reduced lifetime of the converters. Moreover, these capacitors can be bulky and heavy. This article introduces a new single-phase ac to three-phase ac converter that uses a small film capacitor instead of large electrolytic capacitors. Despite using a small film capacitor, the double-line frequency harmonic does not appear at the input or output currents/voltages. The principles of the operation of the proposed topology are presented in this article, and its performance is evaluated through both simulations and experiments.
8 citations
Cites methods from "ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..."
...Using a dual-loop control method based on sliding mode control is reported in [32] that mitigates 2ω ripples as well....
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TL;DR: In this article , the state model of the dc-dc boost converter is modified in such a way that it behaves like a minimum-phase system, where the control input entering the state equation for the output voltage is treated as an unknown disturbance to make the relative degree of the system equal the system's order.
Abstract: The nonminimum-phase property of the dc–dc boost converter can create difficulties in designing a stable, robust, and fast control for the output voltage. In this article, these difficulties are reduced by modifying the state model of the boost converter in such a way that it behaves like a minimum-phase system. More specifically, the control input entering the state equation for the output voltage is treated as an unknown disturbance to make the relative degree of the system equal the system’s order. As a result, the modified model does not exhibit zero dynamics, so that it can be treated as a minimum-phase system for the control design. The modified model is, then, used to derive a dynamic compensator for the output voltage regulation. More explicitly, the dynamic compensator is designed based on combining linearizing feedback control with a disturbance observer. The latter is employed to compensate for model uncertainties and unknown load with a view to ensure asymptotic regulation under the composite controller. The asymptotic regulation is achieved due to the integral action property characterizing the disturbance observer. More interestingly, after simple algebraic manipulation, it turns out that the composite controller reduces to a dynamic state feedback control plus an antiwindup scheme to mitigate the effect of control saturation during transients. The performance of the proposed controller is verified by experimental tests. The experimental results demonstrate the ability of the proposed controller to achieve good transient and steady-state performances.
6 citations
DOI•
TL;DR: In this article , the state model of the dc-dc boost converter is modified in such a way that it behaves like a minimum-phase system, where the control input entering the state equation for the output voltage is treated as an unknown disturbance to make the relative degree of the system equal the system's order.
Abstract: The nonminimum-phase property of the dc–dc boost converter can create difficulties in designing a stable, robust, and fast control for the output voltage. In this article, these difficulties are reduced by modifying the state model of the boost converter in such a way that it behaves like a minimum-phase system. More specifically, the control input entering the state equation for the output voltage is treated as an unknown disturbance to make the relative degree of the system equal the system’s order. As a result, the modified model does not exhibit zero dynamics, so that it can be treated as a minimum-phase system for the control design. The modified model is, then, used to derive a dynamic compensator for the output voltage regulation. More explicitly, the dynamic compensator is designed based on combining linearizing feedback control with a disturbance observer. The latter is employed to compensate for model uncertainties and unknown load with a view to ensure asymptotic regulation under the composite controller. The asymptotic regulation is achieved due to the integral action property characterizing the disturbance observer. More interestingly, after simple algebraic manipulation, it turns out that the composite controller reduces to a dynamic state feedback control plus an antiwindup scheme to mitigate the effect of control saturation during transients. The performance of the proposed controller is verified by experimental tests. The experimental results demonstrate the ability of the proposed controller to achieve good transient and steady-state performances.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a series linear regulator and a high-frequency high-power dc interleaved converter were proposed to obtain a low level of the output ripple as well as the limited value of the stored energy.
Abstract: High-voltage dc power supplies (HVDCPSs) have been widely adopted for the vacuum tubes. In this application field, the low ripple voltage cannot be easily achieved by increasing the size of the output capacitance of the HVDCPS due to the limited permissible level of the stored energy. To obtain a low level of the output ripple as well as the limited value of the stored energy, the previously published literature proposed switching frequency increment. This approach has several shortcomings such as switching power loss increment, a limited level of the achievable ripple, and low value of the insulators’ lifetime. To improve the mentioned deficiencies, this article hybridizes the series linear regulator and a high-frequency high-power dc interleaved converter. Using the proposed method, at the first stage, the level of the ripple decreases to a rational margin with increasing the ripple frequency. At the second stage, the level of the ripple reduces using the linear regulator to reach the expected precision. In order to validate the performance of the proposed structure, simulation and experimental results are provided for a 15-kV and 22.5-kW converter with the output voltage precision of 0.02%.
4 citations
Cites background from "ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..."
..., mitigates 2ω-ripple, ensures robustness, and improves dynamic performance [19], [20]....
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References
More filters
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a nonlinear control method that can achieve enhanced large-signal dynamic responses with strong disturbance rejection capability without the need for a dedicated power-decoupling controller.
Abstract: Existing control schemes for single-phase ac-to-dc converters with active power-decoupling function typically involve a dedicated power-decoupling controller. Due to the highly coupled and nonlinear nature of the single-phase system, the design of the power-decoupling controller (typically based on the small-signal linear control techniques) is cumbersome, and the control structure is complicated. Additionally, with the existing power-decoupling control, it is hard to achieve satisfied dynamic responses and robust circuit operation. Following a recently proposed automatic-power-decoupling control scheme, this paper proposes a nonlinear control method that can achieve enhanced large-signal dynamic responses with strong disturbance rejection capability without the need for a dedicated power-decoupling controller. The proposed controller has a simple structure, of which the design is straightforward. The control method can be easily extended to other single-phase ac-to-dc systems with active power-decoupling function. Simulation and experimental results validate the feasibility of the proposed control method on a two-switch buck–boost PFC rectifier prototype.
54 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a back current gain Ai (s) (input current to output current) model of the dc/dc converter is proposed to evaluate the behavior of low-frequency input current ripple.
Abstract: Due to nonlinear time-varying characteristic of a single-phase dc/ac inverter, its front-end dc/dc converter tends to draw an alternate current ripple current at twice the output frequency, which may cause interaction issues, e.g., stability problem and input ripple current limit in distributed generation systems. A novel method is proposed to evaluate the behavior of low-frequency input current ripple. This approach is based on back current gain Ai (s) (input current to output current) model of the dc/dc converter. The theoretic model with different control schemes is verified in Saber environment. It is indicated and proved that the average current mode control strategy is more effective as compared with linear voltage mode control and open-loop control schemes. Design principles are presented based on Ai (s) as guidelines. Dynamic response with bandwidth limitation is also discussed and improved with proposed proportional-resonant (PR) filter placed based on Ai (s) model. Detail simulation and experiment results for different linear control and nonlinear control strategies, 50 and 400 Hz, buck-type stand-alone two-stage single-phase systems are provided to verify the proposed back current gain model and PR-filter solutions.
43 citations
"ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..." refers methods in this paper
...To solve this problem, some methods are proposed in [15]–[19]....
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TL;DR: Based on a single dual-winding coupled inductor, a SIMO LED driver with PFC function is proposed without the requirement of electrolytic capacitors, where a small storage capacitance is used to actively decouple the ac and dc input powers.
Abstract: In order to lower the system cost and reduce the form factor, single-inductor multiple-output (SIMO) converters are intensely developed for on-chip dc–dc converters and offline light emitting diode (LED) drivers. However, existing single-stage power factor correction (PFC) SIMO LED drivers are usually designed with electrolytic capacitors, leading to a short-life span and limited range of operation temperature. In this paper, based on a single dual-winding coupled inductor, a SIMO LED driver with PFC function is proposed without the requirement of electrolytic capacitors, where a small storage capacitance is used to actively decouple the ac and dc input powers. Compared with previous works, the proposed PFC SIMO LED driver has some additional benefits, including a smaller line filter, multiple output currents without double line frequency ripple, and a faster output regulation. With appropriate control strategy, an independent output regulation can be achieved for each output channel. Meanwhile, to improve the converter efficiency, the energy flow of the converter is optimized with an inductor current programming technique. Finally, the proposed electrolytic capacitorless PFC SIMO LED driver is developed, designed, tested, and compared with a single-stage SIMO design without active power decoupling.
42 citations
"ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..." refers background in this paper
...This low-frequency ripple may induce several problems in the system such as reduced efficiency and lifespan of the battery [4], inefficient MPPT operation in PV systems or fuelcell systems [5], [6], excessive voltage/current stress, flickering effect in LED lights [7], and thus may induce instability to the system....
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TL;DR: A comprehensive model for the single-phase BES-qZS-PV inverter system, where the battery is considered and there is no restriction of the design freedom and impedance design method is proposed.
Abstract: The battery energy-stored quasi-Z-source (BES-qZS)-based photovoltaic (PV) power generation system combines advantages of the qZS inverter and the battery energy storage system. However, the second-harmonic ( ${\text{2}}\omega $ ) power ripple degrades the system's performance and affects the system's design. An accurate model to analyze the ${\text{2}}\omega $ ripple is very important. The existing models did not consider the battery, or assumed a symmetric qZS network with $L_{{1}}= L_{{2}}$ and $C_{{1}}= C_{{2}}$ , which limits the design freedom and causes oversized impedance parameters. This paper proposes a comprehensive model for the single-phase BES-qZS-PV inverter system, where the battery is considered and there is no restriction of $L_{{1}}= L_{{2}}$ and $C_{{1}}= C_{{2}}$ . Based on the built model, a BES-qZS impedance design method is proposed to mitigate the ${\text{2}}\omega $ ripple with asymmetric qZS network. Simulation and experimental results verify the proposed ${\text{2}}\omega $ ripple model and impedance design method.
41 citations
"ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..." refers background in this paper
...This low-frequency ripple may induce several problems in the system such as reduced efficiency and lifespan of the battery [4], inefficient MPPT operation in PV systems or fuelcell systems [5], [6], excessive voltage/current stress, flickering effect in LED lights [7], and thus may induce instability to the system....
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TL;DR: A novel active control method is proposed for mitigating the input current ripple, which adopts double-channel current feedbacks including an additional ripple current feedback channel and the normal one, and is validated by the experimental results on a 5 kW prototype.
Abstract: When an existing photovoltaic (PV) system is upgraded to a residential PV/battery system, the single-phase PV inverter under both input conditions of battery and PV should be properly controlled to restrain the input current ripple and grid-current harmonics. To do this, equivalent circuits of PV array and Li-ion battery pack are first constructed and respectively analyzed. The analysis results show that the input current under the battery pack may contain serious ripple component due to the low internal impedance of the battery pack, which cannot suppress the ripple current caused by the inherent power coupling problem of the grid-connected single-phase inverter. Then, based on the small signal model of the boost dc–dc convertor, a novel active control method is proposed for mitigating the input current ripple, which adopts double-channel current feedbacks including an additional ripple current feedback channel and the normal one. To provide the feedback signal, a third-order general integrator is introduced to extract the current ripple. Besides, a proportional-resonant controller is used to restrain the grid-current harmonics. Finally, the control parameters are obtained using MATLAB toolbox, and the proposed control strategies are validated by the experimental results on a 5 kW prototype.
40 citations