ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Converter: Mitigation of $2\omega$ -Ripple and Uncertainty, and Improvement in Dynamic Performance
01 Apr 2020-IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE))-Vol. 35, Iss: 4, pp 4353-4364
TL;DR: The proposed ISM-based controller amalgamates SMC with a new dual-loop adaptive PID-control (as the nominal control) and supports the reduction of $2\omega$-ripple at the input of converter.
Abstract: In controller design, the classical control techniques have their distinct advantages and capabilities. The integral sliding-mode control (ISMC) leverages the merits of such control techniques by allowing their merger with the sliding-mode control (SMC). ISMC is composed of two components, a nominal control designed using any methodology and a discontinuous-SMC, and thus the system can have specified performance with high degree of robustness. The proposed work achieves multiple objectives, i.e., mitigates $2\omega$ -ripple, ensures robustness, and improves dynamic performance. The proposed ISM-based controller amalgamates SMC with a new dual-loop adaptive PID-control (as the nominal control). The discontinuous-SMC part ensures robustness against the matched-uncertainty, i.e., disturbances entering through the input channel such as parametric variations, exogenous disturbances, modeling-error, and the nominal control mitigate $2\omega$ -ripple at the input of dc–dc–ac converter. Moreover, the adaptive nature of nominal control improves the system performance at the large line-load transients unlike the conventional control. Furthermore, the proposed controller supports the reduction of $2\omega$ -ripple at the input of converter. The proposed control scheme is validated using 1-kW prototype.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: This paper provides a comprehensive review of the control approaches and the power-decoupling topologies to mitigate the ripple problem in the single-phase inverters, its solutions, and discusses open challenges yet to be addressed.
Abstract: This paper provides a comprehensive review of the control approaches and the power-decoupling topologies to mitigate 2ω-ripple problem in the single-phase inverters, its solutions, and discusses open challenges yet to be addressed. The cause and effects of 2ω-ripple problem and its solution based on the passive and active power-decoupling techniques are discussed. A subcategory of the active power-decoupling technique nominated as the control-oriented compensation technique is reviewed in detail, this technique can achieve the ripple-mitigation at the source through the control but not necessarily adds extra circuit or active filter to the system. The control-oriented compensation techniques can be applied in the two-stage DC-DC-AC converters and the single-stage inverters having a front-end control capability with the H-bridge such as in the quasi-switched-boost inverters. The merits and associated challenges of these techniques are listed and summarized in a tabular form. Finally, a conclusive discussion with open challenges is presented.
39 citations
Cites background from "ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..."
...Effect of bandwidth of voltage-loop in dual-loop control: trade-off between ripple-reduction and dynamic performance of DC-DC-AC converter [107]....
[...]
...Comparison of simulation results for different voltage-loop bandwidths or fv [107](see Fig....
[...]
TL;DR: In this paper, a single-phase ac to three-phase AC converter that uses a small film capacitor instead of large electrolytic capacitors is proposed, and its performance is evaluated through both simulations and experiments.
Abstract: Single-phase ac to three-phase ac converters are needed in numerous applications, including motor drives used for residential applications. These converters, however, suffer from an inherent problem of mismatch between instantaneous input and output powers. Specifically, the instantaneous input power has a dc component along with an alternating component with double-line frequency, while the three-phase instantaneous output power is only dc. Conventional single-phase ac to three-phase ac converters use large electrolytic capacitors to handle this mismatch of power. However, these electrolytic capacitors may have high failure rates, which contribute to reduced lifetime of the converters. Moreover, these capacitors can be bulky and heavy. This article introduces a new single-phase ac to three-phase ac converter that uses a small film capacitor instead of large electrolytic capacitors. Despite using a small film capacitor, the double-line frequency harmonic does not appear at the input or output currents/voltages. The principles of the operation of the proposed topology are presented in this article, and its performance is evaluated through both simulations and experiments.
8 citations
Cites methods from "ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..."
...Using a dual-loop control method based on sliding mode control is reported in [32] that mitigates 2ω ripples as well....
[...]
TL;DR: In this article , the state model of the dc-dc boost converter is modified in such a way that it behaves like a minimum-phase system, where the control input entering the state equation for the output voltage is treated as an unknown disturbance to make the relative degree of the system equal the system's order.
Abstract: The nonminimum-phase property of the dc–dc boost converter can create difficulties in designing a stable, robust, and fast control for the output voltage. In this article, these difficulties are reduced by modifying the state model of the boost converter in such a way that it behaves like a minimum-phase system. More specifically, the control input entering the state equation for the output voltage is treated as an unknown disturbance to make the relative degree of the system equal the system’s order. As a result, the modified model does not exhibit zero dynamics, so that it can be treated as a minimum-phase system for the control design. The modified model is, then, used to derive a dynamic compensator for the output voltage regulation. More explicitly, the dynamic compensator is designed based on combining linearizing feedback control with a disturbance observer. The latter is employed to compensate for model uncertainties and unknown load with a view to ensure asymptotic regulation under the composite controller. The asymptotic regulation is achieved due to the integral action property characterizing the disturbance observer. More interestingly, after simple algebraic manipulation, it turns out that the composite controller reduces to a dynamic state feedback control plus an antiwindup scheme to mitigate the effect of control saturation during transients. The performance of the proposed controller is verified by experimental tests. The experimental results demonstrate the ability of the proposed controller to achieve good transient and steady-state performances.
6 citations
DOI•
TL;DR: In this article , the state model of the dc-dc boost converter is modified in such a way that it behaves like a minimum-phase system, where the control input entering the state equation for the output voltage is treated as an unknown disturbance to make the relative degree of the system equal the system's order.
Abstract: The nonminimum-phase property of the dc–dc boost converter can create difficulties in designing a stable, robust, and fast control for the output voltage. In this article, these difficulties are reduced by modifying the state model of the boost converter in such a way that it behaves like a minimum-phase system. More specifically, the control input entering the state equation for the output voltage is treated as an unknown disturbance to make the relative degree of the system equal the system’s order. As a result, the modified model does not exhibit zero dynamics, so that it can be treated as a minimum-phase system for the control design. The modified model is, then, used to derive a dynamic compensator for the output voltage regulation. More explicitly, the dynamic compensator is designed based on combining linearizing feedback control with a disturbance observer. The latter is employed to compensate for model uncertainties and unknown load with a view to ensure asymptotic regulation under the composite controller. The asymptotic regulation is achieved due to the integral action property characterizing the disturbance observer. More interestingly, after simple algebraic manipulation, it turns out that the composite controller reduces to a dynamic state feedback control plus an antiwindup scheme to mitigate the effect of control saturation during transients. The performance of the proposed controller is verified by experimental tests. The experimental results demonstrate the ability of the proposed controller to achieve good transient and steady-state performances.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a series linear regulator and a high-frequency high-power dc interleaved converter were proposed to obtain a low level of the output ripple as well as the limited value of the stored energy.
Abstract: High-voltage dc power supplies (HVDCPSs) have been widely adopted for the vacuum tubes. In this application field, the low ripple voltage cannot be easily achieved by increasing the size of the output capacitance of the HVDCPS due to the limited permissible level of the stored energy. To obtain a low level of the output ripple as well as the limited value of the stored energy, the previously published literature proposed switching frequency increment. This approach has several shortcomings such as switching power loss increment, a limited level of the achievable ripple, and low value of the insulators’ lifetime. To improve the mentioned deficiencies, this article hybridizes the series linear regulator and a high-frequency high-power dc interleaved converter. Using the proposed method, at the first stage, the level of the ripple decreases to a rational margin with increasing the ripple frequency. At the second stage, the level of the ripple reduces using the linear regulator to reach the expected precision. In order to validate the performance of the proposed structure, simulation and experimental results are provided for a 15-kV and 22.5-kW converter with the output voltage precision of 0.02%.
4 citations
Cites background from "ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..."
..., mitigates 2ω-ripple, ensures robustness, and improves dynamic performance [19], [20]....
[...]
References
More filters
TL;DR: A new adaptive sliding mode control for a two-stage dc–dc–ac converter to reduce proliferation of ripple without compromising dynamic performance and a fast voltage recovery with small undershoot/overshoot can be achieved at transients using the proposed controller.
Abstract: A substantial pulsation of the second-order harmonic current ripple with angular frequency $2\omega$ is reflected at the input of a single-phase inverter when loads are supplied at its output with angular frequency $\omega$ . Moreover, this ripple back-propagates and injects into the source in the absence of a bulky dc-link passive filter, an active compensator or a suitable digital controller with a front-end converter in the two-stage converter. This paper proposes a new adaptive sliding mode control for a two-stage dc–dc–ac converter to reduce proliferation of ripple without compromising dynamic performance. The front-end boost converter in the considered two-stage converter interfaces a battery bank and single-phase inverter fed loads. The control shapes the output impedance of the boost converter to reduce the ripple component at battery input. Second, the proposed controller achieves good dynamic performance at line and load transients. A fast voltage recovery with small undershoot/overshoot can be achieved at transients using the proposed controller. The proposed technique is validated using a hardware of the 1-kW two-stage converter.
39 citations
Additional excerpts
...In our previous work [20], [21], the nonlinear adaptive sliding-mode control (SMC)-based techniques are proposed to mitigate SHC ripple and to improve dynamic performance simultaneously....
[...]
TL;DR: A boost inverter that can work in both differential mode (DM) and common mode (CM) operations is adopted and an interleaved pulse-width modulation is introduced to further reduce the switching frequency ripple in the dc current.
Abstract: A well-known issue of fuel-cell-powered single-phase uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) is that the input current from the dc source is coupled with the second-order current ripple due to the ac-side instantaneous power pulsating at twice the line frequency. The low-frequency ripple component has been confirmed to have detrimental impacts on fuel cell's reliability and lifespan. To solve this issue, a boost inverter that can work in both differential mode (DM) and common mode (CM) operations is adopted by this paper. The DM operation achieves active power conversion and a well-regulated ac output voltage. Meanwhile, the CM operation ensures effective dc current ripple reduction. In addition to operating with linear loads, the proposed control method extends its working scope to nonlinear loads, where meticulously designed repetitive controllers are employed to handle the multiple low-harmonic situations. Moreover, the proposed control method also introduces an interleaved pulse-width modulation to further reduce the switching frequency ripple in the dc current. The stability of the proposed control system is stringently examined. Finally, presented experimental results validate the theoretical analysis as well as the effectiveness of the proposed method in current ripple reduction.
39 citations
"ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..." refers background in this paper
...This low-frequency ripple may induce several problems in the system such as reduced efficiency and lifespan of the battery [4], inefficient MPPT operation in PV systems or fuelcell systems [5], [6], excessive voltage/current stress, flickering effect in LED lights [7], and thus may induce instability to the system....
[...]
TL;DR: An output impedance model of the SCC is established and the relationship between the output impedance of theSCC and the low-frequency output voltage ripple of an ac–dc converter is analyzed and a low- Frequency Output Voltage ripple can be evaluated.
Abstract: A single-stage ac–dc converter with high power factor (PF) usually suffers from a significant output voltage ripple at double line frequency. In order to suppress such low-frequency output voltage ripple and maintain high PF, a series compensation circuit (SCC), which generates the same magnitude but 180° phase shifted low-frequency voltage ripple, is connected in series with the output of a power factor correction (PFC) converter. In this paper, an output impedance model of the SCC is established and the relationship between the output impedance of the SCC and the low-frequency output voltage ripple of an ac–dc converter is analyzed. Based on the proposed output impedance model, a low-frequency output voltage ripple can be evaluated. To further reduce the low-frequency output voltage ripple, an output impedance shaping method with a virtual impedance is presented. The implementation of the virtual impedance of the SCC with average current mode control is studied. A flyback PFC converter with a buck SCC is implemented for the study of the suppression of the low-frequency output voltage ripple. A prototype is designed to verify the analysis results.
16 citations
"ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..." refers background in this paper
...In the literature, several active decoupling techniques are available [10]–[13]....
[...]
TL;DR: A simple and cost-efficient online technique for monitoring the health of AECs based on impedance monitoring and could be extended to other single-phase inverter applications provided that voltage and current sensors are available.
Abstract: Grid tied single-phase solar inverters offer less operational life when compared with the Photovoltaic (PV) panels due to the use of aluminium electrolytic capacitor (AEC). With time, AEC degrades, resulting in an increase in ripple voltage on PV panel. This would reduce the power extraction efficiency of the system, thereby a loss of revenue. This study proposes a simple and cost-efficient online technique for monitoring the health of AECs. The proposed technique suggests evaluating the AEC impedance at twice the grid frequency. Sampling of PV voltage, PV current and inductor current is required to determine the second harmonic impedance of AEC. These voltage and current sensors are present in commercially available solar PV inverters for their control operation. The proposed technique could be extended to other single-phase inverter applications provided that voltage and current sensors are available. Suitable mathematical model of the technique is derived to determine the effect of sampling instant on the accuracy of the results. Criteria for the replacement of capacitor based on impedance monitoring is defined. For validation of the proposed technique, detailed simulation studies are carried out for a single-phase PV system. The technique is verified experimentally on a scaled down solar PV inverter prototype.
16 citations
"ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..." refers background in this paper
...and hence the reliability of the overall system is affected [9]....
[...]
05 Jun 2006
TL;DR: A novel discontinuous control strategy is proposed for robust stabilization of a class of uncertain multivariable linear time-delay system with delays in both the state and control variables to compensate the uncertainty term and stabilize the closed-loop system.
Abstract: In this paper a novel discontinuous control strategy is proposed for robust stabilization of a class of uncertain multivariable linear time-delay system with delays in both the state and control variables. First, various predictors are used to obtain the free-delay control input. Then the integral sliding mode control technique is applied to compensate the uncertainty term and stabilize the closed-loop system. The proposed control stabilization conditions for systems presented in general and regular forms are derived. An example of the application of the proposed control strategy is illustrated
15 citations
"ISMC for Boost-Derived DC–DC–AC Con..." refers background in this paper
...The ISM control is one of the nonlinear control approaches with high degree of robustness [22], [23]....
[...]