Judicialização, ativismo judicial e legitimidade democrática
23 Nov 2009-Iss: 13, pp 17-32
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyse certain signs of particular relevance in this phenomenon: the judicialisation of life, judicial activism and its incidence on democracy in Brazil and its Federal Supreme Court.
Abstract: There has been progressive growth in the powers of the constitutional jurisdiction in many countries. Brazil and its Federal Supreme Court has been no exception. However, we can analyse certain signs of particular relevance in this phenomenon: the judicialisation of life, judicial activism and its incidence on democracy.
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TL;DR: Palavras-Chave as mentioned in this paper relates the social sustainability concept with the universal health coverage principle of the Brazilian Public Health System and the judicialization of medicines, which is seen as a fundamental social right, which ensures physical, mental and social well-being of the whole population.
Abstract: Este artigo faz uma relação entre a sustentabilidade social, o princípio da universalidade do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e a judicialização de medicamentos. O direito à saúde, tratado como um direito social, que visa garantir o bem-estar físico, mental e social de toda uma população, enquadra-se na dimensão social da sustentabilidade. O princípio da universalidade, tratado inclusive pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), “propõe que sistemas de saúde priorizem serviços que ofereçam grandes ganhos em saúde a custo baixo e com evidência científica robusta de segurança e efetividade, ainda que isso implique não financiar tratamentos pouco custo-efetivos ou de natureza experimental”. Respeitando o princípio da universalidade a Constituição Federal estabelece que a saúde é um direito de todos e um dever do Estado, desde que os tratamentos de saúde oferecidos pelo SUS estejam previstos em políticas públicas de saúde. A concessão judicial de tratamentos de saúde não previstos nestas políticas públicas, desrespeita a noção de sustentabilidade social do direito à saúde uma vez que, ao usar o orçamento da saúde que deveria abranger o maior número possível de pessoas, aloca tais recursos para situações individuais, deixando a parcela mais vulnerável da população sob o risco de não ter seus direitos respeitados.
Palavras-Chave: Sustentabilidade social. Direito à saúde. Judicialização.
Abstract: This article relates the social sustainability concept with the universal health coverage principle of the Brazilian Public Health System and the judicialization of medicines. The right to health, seen as a fundamental social right, which ensures physical, mental and social well-being of the whole population, is placed in the social sustainability concept. The universal health coverage principle, analyzed by the World Health Organization, proposes that health systems coverage should offer the greatest total improvement in health at lower budget and considerer solid scientific effectiveness and security, even if this implies not financing treatments with low cost-benefit or experimental. Regarding the universal health coverage principle, the Brazilian Constitution establishes that the right to health should cover everyone and should be provided by the State, but this coverage should be limited by the public health policies. When justice provides to someone a medicine that is not included in these public health policies, it disrespects the social sustainability concept of the right to health, since it uses the public budget that should benefit as many people as possible, toward one only person, leaving the vulnerable population under the risk of not having its rights respected.
Keywords: Social sustainability. Right to health. Judicialization.
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31 Jul 2018
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyze the crisis of the Brazilian judiciary, as a background to the observation that legislative reforms have proven insufficient for concretizing and effecting the principle of efficiency within the scope of the Judiciary.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the crisis of the Judiciary, as a background to the observation that legislative reforms - especially those carried out in the last decade, including the recent edition of the New Code of Civil Procedure - have proven insufficient for the aimed at concretizing and effecting the principle of efficiency within the scope of the Judiciary. To this end, the present study is divided into two parts or sections. In the first one, the figures related to the Judiciary will be presented (numbers of the cases provided by official bodies), in particular the official surveys of the National Council of Justice, followed, in a second moment, by an attempt to systematize the concauses of the judicialization in Brazil and of the measures adopted so far to confront it, which allowed us to conclude that the reforms that had hitherto been undertaken were insufficient, mainly normative. The research adopts the hypothetico-deductive approach and the inductive methods. It is also useful for the dialectical method, with the aim of seeking possible syntheses for the divergences raised. Therefore, it is diagnostic research, with data on the first part and analysis of concausas of such numbers in the subsequent part, in which we established the distortion of judicialization, driven by culture of litigation, by and gigantism in reason of the low effectiveness of the guardianship courts as concausas for the so-called judicial crisis. The type of research is the bibliographical one, from books and scientific articles.
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TL;DR: The role of the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court as an agent of democratic construction and its role as guardian of the constitution is questioned in this article , where the authors argue that a Constitutional Court with inflated powers can lead to democratic dysfunction and judicial hegemony about institutions.
Abstract: : This paper intends to question the role of the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court as an agent of democratic construction and its role as guardian of the constitution. The interest in the Supreme Court is due to the political arrangement and the overlapping of powers and func- tions of the court than the other powers. A Constitutional Court with inflated powers can lead to democratic dysfunction and judicial hegemony about institutions. Introduction; 2. The STF’s the democratic questioning our faith in the judiciary; 3. Institutional entrenchment and monopoly of constitution; 4. The constitutional change of art. 102, caput, of the Constitution: deference, supremacy and judicial sovereignty; 5. Conclusion; 6. References. influence on the political process. There is no doubt that the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court has become an important political actor, making it present in almost all legal and political areas. However, constitutional monopoly, judicial activism, and excessive interference in the political process degenerate the origi- nal democratic model, deconstructing the excess of faith deposited in the judiciary.
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TL;DR: O presente trabalho pretende tracar um esboco atualizado do mandado de injuncao enquanto acao de controle incidental das omissoes inconstitucionais.
Abstract: O presente trabalho pretende tracar um esboco atualizado do mandado de injuncao enquanto acao de controle incidental das omissoes inconstitucionais. Previsto no art. 5o, inciso LXXI, da Constituicao da Republica Federativa do Brasil de 1988, o remedio em estudo apenas recebeu a devida regulamentacao formal em 23 de junho de 2016, por meio da Lei n. 13.300. Enquanto ausente lei formal, seus procedimentos se pautaram na jurisprudencia do Supremo Tribunal Federal e na aplicacao da logica sistematico-normativa de interpretacao constitucional, que permitiu a subsuncao analogica dos mandamentos da Lei do Mandado de Seguranca (Lei n. 12.016/2009) ate o advento da lei especifica. Ao fim do presente ensaio, espera-se esbocar com sucesso os aspectos procedimentais do mandado de injuncao a luz da Lei n. 13.300/2016 e da jurisprudencia do STF, bem como evidenciar a Lei n. 13.300/2016 como mais um passo do Estado brasileiro em direcao a efetivacao dos direitos fundamentais e do acesso a justica
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TL;DR: O artigo esta inserido na tematica que envolve o estudo da soberania popular e sua tensa relacao com os limites impostos pela norma constitucional garantidora de direitos fundamentais as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Este artigo esta inserido na tematica que envolve o estudo da soberania popular e sua tensa relacao com os limites impostos pela norma constitucional garantidora de direitos fundamentais. Objetiva-se propor a reflexao acerca da lacuna legal no que tange a criminalizacao de condutas homofobicas que tem marcado a contemporaneidade brasileira pela violencia e a discriminacao de minorias, em razao da identidade de genero. Pretende, a partir de aspectos historicos e culturais e, tambem da analise de algumas manifestacoes judiciais dos tribunais evidenciar o papel da Constituicao da Republica na garantia dos direitos fundamentais das minorias. Para tanto, por meio da pesquisa bibliografica, far-se-a uma detida analise de algumas proposicoes legislativas de alcada inclusiva, bem como o estudo de alguns julgados com o fito de verificar como o Poder Judiciario responde a lacuna do Executivo e Legislativo e se essa atuacao e positiva.