Kinetics of biomethanation of solid tannery waste and the concept of interactive metabolic control.
01 Apr 1994-Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology (Appl Biochem Biotechnol)-Vol. 47, Iss: 1, pp 73-87
TL;DR: The concept of interactive metabolic control earlier proposed has been validated based on the levels of various metabolites detected and the overall decrease in volatile solid level was 65%, whereas the collagen level declined by 85%.
Abstract: Anaerobic digestion of calf skin collagenous waste was optimized for a batch process based on accelerated maximal methane yield per gram of input volatile solid. A kinetic analysis with respect to changes in the levels of volatile solid, collagen, amino sugars, amino acids, hydroxyproline, ammonium ions, and volatile fatty acid were followed for a period of 80 d. Distinct metabolic phases included an initial high rate collagenolysis for 4d, with 50% degradation and was followed by an acidogenic phase between 4-12 d with volatile fatty acids levels increasing to 215 mmol/L. Subsequently methanogenesis ensued and was maximal between 12-24 d when volatile fatty acids attained steady state levels. During the period of 80 d, the overall decrease in volatile solid level was 65%, whereas the collagen level declined by 85% with 0.45 L of methane yield/g of volatile solid degraded. Based on the levels of various metabolites detected, the concept of interactive metabolic control earlier proposed has been validated.
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TL;DR: In this article, the co-digestion of cow dung, with maize husk for biogas production at laboratory scale was investigated, and the results showed that there was an increase in the yield as the retention time increases as depicted by the linear model.
Abstract: The co-digestion of cow dung, with maize husk for biogas production at laboratory scale was investigated. The study was carried out at a temperature range of 24°C - 30°C and pH range of 5.5 - 6.5 for a period of 60 days with a total solid concentration of 7.4% in the digester sample (fermentation slurry). Water displacement method was used to collect the biogas produced which was subsequently measured. 444.8 mL was the cumulative biogas yield at the end of 60 days retention time in the digester 1, which comprised of cow dung, maize husk, and water. Digester 2, which is made up of sawdust, cow dung, and water produced negligible biogas at the end of 60 days of the experiment. X-RF analysis revealed high presence of elements like silica, aluminium oxides, and aluminium oxides in cow dung, maize husk, and sawdust respectively. The preponderance of alkanes and methyl group inmaize husk makes it to produce biogas compared to saw dust as shown by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) that was carried out to identify the various functional groups. The potential of maize husk to produced biogas was also established. The kinetic modeling shows that there was an increase in biogas yield as the retention time increases as depicted by the linear model.
5 citations
Cites background from "Kinetics of biomethanation of solid..."
...There was no production in the two digesters for the first four days of fermentation this can be explained as a result of the inoculum that is either in the lag phase or methanogens undergoing a metamorphic growth process by consuming methane precursors produced from the initial activity as reported by [16]....
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TL;DR: Enrichment of methanogenic cultures on methanol from the microbial population in the anaerobic digesters operated on agricultural wastes revealed a high rate of biomethanation efficiency and signify metabolic partnerships in the methylotrophic biochemical mechanisms operative toward energy recovery.
Abstract: Enrichment of methanogenic cultures on methanol from the microbial population in the anaerobic digesters operated on agricultural wastes revealed a high rate of biomethanation efficiency. Routine maintenance of this enrichment in a minimal basal medium at room temperature resulted in maximal growth in 40–50 d, and indicated pigment production toward the end of the growth phase. The cultures grown in three different media, with different substrates under light and dark conditions, were analyzed for protein, pigment, and gaseous products, and morphological studies were carried out by light, phase-contrast, fluorescence, and electron microscopy. In different media with methanol as substrate, growth and pigment production were maximal for the light-grown cells, decreasing in the order: phototrophic (PS(m)) > mineral > basal medium. Methanation and phototrophic growth were inversely correlated under lightgrown conditions. In contrast, growth in the dark was predominently methanogenic in the decreasing order: mineral > basal > PS (m). Among other growth conditions tested, utilization of phototrophic substrates under light and dark conditions indicated the following:
1.
Basal and mineral media were supportive of methanogenic growth under both light and dark conditions, although methane yields under light-grown conditions were low;
2.
Among the different substrates tested, methanol-grown cells gave the highest methane yield in the dark and;
3.
Phototrophic growth in PS medium with succinate, malate, and pyruvate was better than that with methanol.
5 citations
Dissertation•
04 Sep 2017
4 citations
Cites methods from "Kinetics of biomethanation of solid..."
...This work was followed by a sequence of studies in this field published by other authors (Lalitha et al., 1994; Urbaniak, 2006; Zupancic and Jemec, 2010; Kameswari et al., 2012 and Priebe et al., 2016)....
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of the study showed that feedstock mixture affected pH and biogas yield, and the mixture of water hyacinth (WH) and Talinum triangulare (Triangulo trianguloare), an abundantly available underutilized herbaceous perennial plant in South-Western Nigeria, produced the highest average yield of 3637 cm 3 kg -1 VS fed day -1 which was approximately 78 and 12 times greater than the yields obtained from WH and WL alone, respectively.
Abstract: The exploitation of plant materials for renewable source of energy in form of biogas is of growing interest Water leaf ( Talinum triangulare ), an abundantly available underutilized herbaceous perennial plant in South-Western Nigeria was digested to assess its biogas yield Water leaf (WL) and Water hyacinth ( Eichhornia crassipes ) alone, and mixtures of water hyacinth (WH) and WL at ratios 70:30, 50:50 and 30:70 (w:w dry basis) were digested to compare biogas yields Fixed amount of cow dung was added to each treatment before digestion in batch-type anaerobic digesters for 70 days The results of the study showed that feedstock mixture affected ( p ≤ 005) pH and biogas yield WL proved to be prolific in biogas as it yielded approximately six times greater than WH The mixture of WH and WL improved biogas yield than WH alone The mixture WH:WL at ratio 30:70 produced the highest average yield of 3637 cm 3 kg -1 VS fed day -1 which was approximately 78 and 12 times greater than the yields obtained from WH and WL alone, respectively
4 citations
Cites background from "Kinetics of biomethanation of solid..."
...The no-production may probably be as a result of methanogens undergoing a methamorphic growth process by consuming methane precursors produced from the initial activity (Lalitha et al., 1994)....
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...methamorphic growth process by consuming methane precursors produced from the initial activity (Lalitha et al., 1994)....
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TL;DR: Among the CDAs used, hypo had the highest inhibitory effect on biogas production from CD slurry, and the introduction of harpic at fourth week of digestion showed the least inhibitoryEffect.
Abstract: Cleaning/disinfecting agents (CDA) are compounds known to affect the growth of microbes and could have impacts on biogas production in a digester. In this study, three commonly used CDAs (harpic, hypo and izal) in livestock pens and slaughter houses were applied at different digestion stages and concentrations to cow dung (CD) slurry, with the aim of determining their effects on biogas production. Three application stages (early addition, late addition and graduated addition) were carried out for each CDA, and a CD treatment with no CDA applied was set up as the control. The results showed that application stage had different effects on the parameters of CD monitored during the digestion. Significant (p ≤ .05) effect was recorded on: temperature of izal + CD treatment, pH of harpic + CD and hypo + CD treatments, total bacterial count of hypo + CD and izal + CD treatments and biogas of harpic + CD, hypo + CD and izal + CD treatments. Early addition and increased concentration of hypo appeared toxic...
3 citations
Cites background from "Kinetics of biomethanation of solid..."
...The non-production was attributed to methanogens undergoing a methamorphic growth process by consuming methane precursors produced from the initial activity [18] or temporary inhibition of the digestion process due to volatile fatty acid accumulation [19]....
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References
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TL;DR: In the present investigations of the chromatographic separation of amino acids, it has been observed that, when the color development is carried out in tubes exposed to the air, these difficulties appear to result primarily from the influence of dissolved oxygen.
2,882 citations
TL;DR: A short and simple calorimetric method is here described that is applicable to the determination of hydroxyproline in hydrolysates of 40 to 100 y of collagen with a reproducibility of f2 per cent and an accuracy of f1 per cent as judged by recovery of hydroXYproline from elastin hydrolysate and from an amino acid mixture simulating collagen.
1,249 citations
Book•
31 Dec 1990
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a review of renewable energy technologies, including photovoltaic power technology, wind power technologies, wave power, and geothermal energy technologies with a focus on using energy efficient technologies.
Abstract: 1. Principles of Renewable Energy 2. Solar Radiation and the Greenhouse Effect 3. Solar Water Heating 4. Other Solar Thermal Applications 5. Photovoltaic Power Technology - PV 6. Hydropower 7. Wind Resource 8. Wind Power Technology 9. Biomass Resources from Photosynthesis 10. Bioenergy Technologies 11. Wave Power 12. Tidal-current and Tidal-range Power 13. Ocean Gradient Energy: OTEC and Osmotic Power 14. Geothermal Energy 15. Energy Systems: Integration, Distribution and Storage 16. Using Energy Efficiently 17. Institutional and Economic Factors Review 1: Electrical Power Review 2: Fluid Dynamics Review 3: Heat Transfer Review 4: Solid State Physics for Photovoltaics Review 5: Units and Conversions: Algebraic Method Appendix A: Units and Conversions Appendix B: Data Appendix C: Some Heat Transfer Formulas Appendix D: Comparisons of Technologies Short Answers to Selected Problems Index
1,173 citations
TL;DR: In this article, six different conversion processes are identified in the degradation of particulate organic material (biopolymers) to methane, and the kinetic data are applied to the design of an anaerobic digester for raw domestic sludge.
1,038 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that M. omelianskii maintained in ethanol media is actually a symbiotic association of the two species.
Abstract: Two bacterial species were isolated from cultures of Methanobacillus omelianskii grown on media, containing ethanol as oxidizable substrate. One of these, the S organism, is a gram negative, motile, anaerobic rod which ferments ethanol with production of H2 and acetate but is inhibited by inclusion of 0.5 atm of H2 in the gas phase of the medium. The other organism is a gram variable, nonmotile, anaerobic rod which utilizes H2 but not ethanol for growth and methane formation. The results indicate that M. omelianskii maintained in ethanol media is actually a symbiotic association of the two species.
604 citations