Knowledge sharing in higher education institutions: Perspectives from Malaysia
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the factors and barriers that contribute to successful knowledge sharing among the university teaching staff and identified measures of knowledge sharing, such as nature of knowledge, working culture, staff attitudes, motivation to share and opportunities to share.
Abstract: Purpose – This paper seeks to examine the factors and barriers that contribute to successful knowledge sharing among the university teaching staff.Design/methodology/approach – Based on an extensive review of literature, measures of knowledge sharing are identified. These include such factors as nature of knowledge, working culture, staff attitudes, motivation to share and opportunities to share. A model is developed for the study and hypotheses are formulated. Primary data were collected through a survey from a sample of teaching staff from both public and private universities in Malaysia.Findings – Based on empirical research, the study shows some contrasting findings. As for the sample drawn from teaching staff belonging to public universities, there is a significant relationship between knowledge sharing and the independent factors mentioned earlier. Results from the sample from staff teaching in private universities do not show such relationships.Research limitations/implications – The sample size it...
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TL;DR: In this article, a study was conducted to uncover the factors that propel knowledge sharing among academicians in higher learning institutions of Malaysia using the Theory of Reasoned Action as the basis for this study's research framework.
Abstract: Universities are expected to be places where knowledge is shared freely among academicians. However, the reality shows that knowledge sharing is barely present within universities these days. As Malaysia shifts towards building a knowledge-based society, academic institutions, particularly the public universities, now face ever-growing faculty demands for sharing quality resources and expertise. As a result, knowledge sharing in academia has become a rising concern. The purpose of this study, then, is to uncover the factors that propel knowledge sharing among academicians in higher learning institutions of Malaysia. Using the Theory of Reasoned Action as the basis for this study’s research framework, data was gathered from 447 academicians in 10 public universities scattered throughout the country. Findings from the Partial Least Squares analysis revealed that extrinsic motivation, reciprocal relationships, sense of self-worth and subjective norm are vital determinants of an academician’s attitude towards knowledge sharing. In turn, this attitude that is formed will largely determine whether the academician engages in knowledge sharing behaviors or not. Besides having a positive effect on attitude, sense of self-worth also exhibited a positive impact on the subjective norm to share knowledge. Consequently, this subjective norm will have an impact upon knowledge sharing behavior. In addition, perceived behavioral control and organizational climate were discovered to have a direct influence on knowledge sharing behaviors. Implications, limitations as well as suggestions for future research are accordingly discussed in this paper.
170 citations
TL;DR: This paper offers some theoretical and practical insights on what contributes toward understating the determinates affecting knowledge sharing practices among academics among academics.
Abstract: Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to help in providing a better understanding on knowledge sharing amongst academics in higher education institutions (HEIs). The aim of this study is realized by profiling existing literature to understand the determinants of knowledge sharing, research trends, theories, and future research opportunities.
Design/methodology/approach
After carefully examining the extant literature and by utilizing relevant academic-based research databases, a total of 73 papers published in peer-reviewed journals over the last decade were reviewed and analyzed using well-established systematic literature review methodology.
Findings
The adopted systematic review revealed that there are limited contributions in understanding knowledge sharing in HEIs when compared with other sectors. The review provides a number of avenues for future research including technological, cultural, organizational, and behavioral aspects at different levels.
Practical implications
This study helps in offering a focal point to senior management in HEIs for realizing the requirements for developing appropriate strategies and programs to promote knowledge sharing among academics and consequently enhance their institutions’ performance.
Originality/value
This study utilized Jesson et al. (2011) in presenting a comprehensive systematic review of knowledge sharing specifically in the context of HEIs. This paper offers some theoretical and practical insights on what contributes toward understating the determinates affecting knowledge sharing practices among academics.
135 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an in-depth analysis of the knowledge sharing enablers and the moderating role of Islamic work ethic (IWE) on the relationship between knowledge sharing and innovation capability in the public sector organizations.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present an in‐depth analysis of the knowledge sharing enablers and the moderating role of Islamic work ethic (IWE) on the relationship between knowledge sharing and innovation capability in the public sector organizations.Design/methodology/approach – The foundations of knowledge sharing capability, IWE and innovation capability were assessed using a validated survey instrument. A total of 472 Administrative and Diplomatic Service Officers from the Malaysian public sector organizations participated in the survey.Findings – The empirical results indicate that the intrinsic motivation to share knowledge is significant in the public sector organizations. The relationship between knowledge sharing capability and innovation capability of employees in the public sector organizations was found to be contingent on IWE.Research limitations/implications – While the study was salient and confined to the Malaysian public sector organizations, it has considerable implications ...
125 citations
TL;DR: Assessment of the role of organizational climate operationalized by organizational leadership and trust in academics’ KS in HEIs indicates that organizational climate has an exceptionally strong influence on academics' KS practices.
120 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a paradigm for managing the dynamic aspects of organizational knowledge creating processes, arguing that organizational knowledge is created through a continuous dialogue between tacit and explicit knowledge.
Abstract: This paper proposes a paradigm for managing the dynamic aspects of organizational knowledge creating processes. Its central theme is that organizational knowledge is created through a continuous dialogue between tacit and explicit knowledge. The nature of this dialogue is examined and four patterns of interaction involving tacit and explicit knowledge are identified. It is argued that while new knowledge is developed by individuals, organizations play a critical role in articulating and amplifying that knowledge. A theoretical framework is developed which provides an analytical perspective on the constituent dimensions of knowledge creation. This framework is then applied in two operational models for facilitating the dynamic creation of appropriate organizational knowledge.
17,196 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a model that incorporates this overall argument in the form of a series of hypothesized relationships between different dimensions of social capital and the main mechanisms and proces.
Abstract: Scholars of the theory of the firm have begun to emphasize the sources and conditions of what has been described as “the organizational advantage,” rather than focus on the causes and consequences of market failure. Typically, researchers see such organizational advantage as accruing from the particular capabilities organizations have for creating and sharing knowledge. In this article we seek to contribute to this body of work by developing the following arguments: (1) social capital facilitates the creation of new intellectual capital; (2) organizations, as institutional settings, are conducive to the development of high levels of social capital; and (3) it is because of their more dense social capital that firms, within certain limits, have an advantage over markets in creating and sharing intellectual capital. We present a model that incorporates this overall argument in the form of a series of hypothesized relationships between different dimensions of social capital and the main mechanisms and proces...
15,365 citations
"Knowledge sharing in higher educati..." refers background in this paper
...Knowledge is recognised as the most important resource in the organisation ( Nahapiet and Ghoshal, 1998...
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Book•
01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: The Knowledge Creating Company: How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation as mentioned in this paper The Knowledge creating company is a knowledge-creating company that creates the dynamism of the Japanese economy.
Abstract: เมอพดถงหนงสอท เกยวกบการจดการความรแลวนน คนทอยแวดวง การจดการความรยอมตองรจกหนงสอเลมหนงซงนบไดวาเปนหนงสอคลาสสคทม ผอานและอางองเปนจานวนมาก หนงสอเลมนมชอวา The Knowledge Creating Company: How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation ซงเขยนโดย Ikujiro Nonaka และ Hirotaka Takeuchi สองนกเขยนชาวแดนอาทตย อทย แมวาจะเขยนตงแตป 2538 แตกนบไดวาเปนหนงสอทมคณคาทางวชาการและ มความนาสนใจมากเลมหนง Nonaka และ Takeuchi นนไดกลาวเกยวกบการสรางความรในองคกร ธรกจโดยยกตวอยางบรษทในญปนหลายบรษท เชน ฮอนดา มตซชตะ แคนนอน นสสน เอนอซ เปนตน ในหนงสอเลมนพวกเขาไดเรมจากการกลาวถงความรในฐานะ ทเปนทรพยากรทสาคญตอการสรางความไดเปรยบในการแขงขนขององคกร มการ อางองถงการนยามความหมายของคาวาความรทนกวชาการตางๆ ไดกาหนดไว นอกจากนยงมการนาเสนอทฤษฎการสรางความรองคกร การสรางความรองคกรใน อดศร ณ อบล * Adisorn Na Ubon The Knowledge Creating Company: How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation
13,312 citations
TL;DR: The notion of complementarity and reciprocity in functional theory is explored in this article, enabling a reanalysis of the concepts of "survival" and "exploitation" and the need to distinguish between complementarity, reciprocity, and the generalized moral norm of reciprocity.
Abstract: The manner in which the concept of reciprocity is implicated in functional theory is explored, enabling a reanalysis of the concepts of "survival" and "exploitation." The need to distinguish between the concepts of complementarity and reciprocity is stressed. Distinctions are also drawn between (1) reciprocity as a pattern of mutually contingent exchange of gratifications, (2) the existential or folk belief in reciprocity, and (3) the generalized moral norm of reciprocity. Reciprocity as a moral norm is analyzed; it is hypothesized that it is one of the universal "principal components" of moral codes. As Westermarck states, "To requite a benefit, or to be grateful to him who bestows it, is probably everywhere, at least under certain circumstances, regarded as a duty. This is a subject which in the present connection calls for special consideration." Ways in which the norm of reciprocity is implicated in the maintenance of stable social systems are examined.
10,277 citations
TL;DR: The objective of KMS is to support creation, transfer, and application of knowledge in organizations by promoting a class of information systems, referred to as knowledge management systems.
Abstract: Knowledge is a broad and abstract notion that has defined epistemological debate in western philosophy since the classical Greek era. In the past few years, however, there has been a growing interest in treating knowledge as a significant organizational resource. Consistent with the interest in organizational knowledge and knowledge management (KM), IS researchers have begun promoting a class of information systems, referred to as knowledge management systems (KMS). The objective of KMS is to support creation, transfer, and application of knowledge in organizations. Knowledge and knowledge management are complex and multi-faceted concepts. Thus, effective development and implementation of KMS requires a foundation in several rich literatures.
9,531 citations
"Knowledge sharing in higher educati..." refers background in this paper
...From the point-of-view of an organisation, performance can be improved by providing useful and relevant knowledge to employees ( Alavi and Leidner, 2001...
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