La révolution des droits de l'homme
23 Mar 1989-
TL;DR: The Bicentenaire de 1789 was the occasion of a redecouverte de La Revolution des droits de l’homme as discussed by the authors, i.e., the reinterpretation of the Declaration of 1789.
Abstract: Le Bicentenaire de 1789 a ete l’occasion d’une redecouverte de La Revolution des droits de l’homme. C’est l’exacte portee que revetirent ces droits dans la Revolution que ce livre s’efforce de reconstituer.
Il se concentre principalement sur la gestation des dix-sept articles de la Declaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen arretes par l’Assemblee nationale constituante le 26 aout 1789. Etrangement neglige par les historiens, ce debat eclaire aussi bien le processus revolutionnaire lui-meme qu’il met en evidence les problemes fondamentaux de l’univers democratique. Il introduit a une dimension essentielle et meconnue de l’evenement : la cristallisation, sur quelques semaines de l’ete I789, avec l’idee d’une reconstruction de la societe sur la base de la liberte et de l’egalite, d’une vision de la politique qui allait commander toute la suite.
Mais c’est egalement l’autre visage des droits de l’homme que la discussion de 1789 et ses recommencements de 1793 et 1795 font apparaitre, en mettant en relief les contradictions et les conflits qui en sont inseparables, a l’enseigne notamment des devoirs et des secours.
En quoi le retour a cette scene primitive vaut introduction aux antinomies dont notre histoire reste faite.
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25 Feb 2013TL;DR: Rainer Forst as discussed by the authors analyzes these conflicts by reconstructing the philosophical and political discourse of toleration since antiquity and develops a systematic theory which he tests in discussions of contemporary conflicts over toleration.
Abstract: The concept of toleration plays a central role in pluralistic societies. It designates a stance which permits conflicts over beliefs and practices to persist while at the same time defusing them, because it is based on reasons for coexistence in conflict - that is, in continuing dissension. A critical examination of the concept makes clear, however, that its content and evaluation are profoundly contested matters and thus that the concept itself stands in conflict. For some, toleration was and is an expression of mutual respect in spite of far-reaching differences, for others, a condescending, potentially repressive attitude and practice. Rainer Forst analyses these conflicts by reconstructing the philosophical and political discourse of toleration since antiquity. He demonstrates the diversity of the justifications and practices of toleration from the Stoics and early Christians to the present day and develops a systematic theory which he tests in discussions of contemporary conflicts over toleration.
92 citations
31 Aug 2006
TL;DR: The Cambridge History of Political Thought as mentioned in this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the development of western political thought during the European Enlightenment, including Rousseau, Montesquieu and David Hume.
Abstract: This major work of academic reference provides a comprehensive overview of the development of western political thought during the European Enlightenment. Written by a distinguished team of international contributors, this Cambridge History is the latest in a sequence of volumes that is now firmly established as the principal reference source for the history of political thought. Every major theme in eighteenth-century political thought is covered in a series of essays at once scholarly and accessible, and the essays are complemented by extensive guides for further reading, and brief biographical notes of the major characters in the text, including Rousseau, Montesquieu and David Hume. Of interest and relevance to students and scholars of politics and history at all levels from beginning undergraduate upwards, this volume chronicles one of the most exciting and rewarding of all periods in the development of western thinking about politics, man (and increasingly woman), and society.
89 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2007TL;DR: This paper explored ancient 'foundational' texts relating to property and their reception by later thinkers in their various contexts up to the early nineteenth century, with special reference to the right to property.
Abstract: This book explores ancient 'foundational' texts relating to property and their reception by later thinkers in their various contexts up to the early nineteenth century. The texts include Plato's vision of an ideal polity in the Republic, Jesus' teachings on renunciation and poverty, and Golden Age narratives and other evolutionary accounts of the transition of mankind from primeval communality to regimes of ownership. The issue of the legitimacy of private ownership exercises the minds of the major political thinkers as well as theologians and jurists throughout the ages. The book gives full consideration to the historical development of Rights Theory, with special reference to the right to property. It ends with a comparative study of the Declarations of Rights in the American and French Revolutions and seeks to explain, with reference to contemporary documents, why the French recognised an inalienable, human right to property whereas the Americans did not.
75 citations
TL;DR: The authors explored the sources and implications of this ambiguity by setting Lefort's work against the backdrop of the anti-totalitarian moment in French political thought and the trajectories of two of his students, Miguel Abensour and Marcel Gauchet.
Abstract: Claude Lefort's rethinking of ‘the political’ has been highly fruitful for political theory, yet its politics remain unclear. It has inspired transformative, radical-democratic projects, but has also served as a basis for more liberal conceptions. This article explores the sources and implications of this ambiguity by setting Lefort's work against the backdrop of the anti-totalitarian moment in French political thought and the trajectories of two of his students, Miguel Abensour and Marcel Gauchet. It emerges that although Lefort's democratic theory cannot be reduced to a defensive liberalism, neither is it as expansive as some might hope.
67 citations