Laboratory investigation of microbiologically influenced corrosion of C1018 carbon steel by nitrate reducing bacterium Bacillus licheniformis
TL;DR: In this article, the Bacillus licheniformis biofilm was grown as an NRB biofilm, and the biofilm caused a 14.5 cm maximum pit depth and 0.89 cm 2 normalized weight loss against C1018 carbon steel in one-week lab tests.
About: This article is published in Corrosion Science.The article was published on 2013-12-01. It has received 261 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Nitrate & Sulfate-reducing bacteria.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: This brief review traces the historical twists in the perception of SRB-induced corrosion, considering the presently most plausible explanations as well as possible early misconceptions in the understanding of severe corrosion in anoxic, sulfate-rich environments.
Abstract: About a century ago, researchers first recognized a connection between the activity of environmental microorganisms and cases of anaerobic iron corrosion. Since then, such microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) has gained prominence and its technical and economic implications are now widely recognized. Under anoxic conditions (e.g., in oil and gas pipelines), sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are commonly considered the main culprits of MIC. This perception largely stems from three recurrent observations. First, anoxic sulfate-rich environments (e.g., anoxic seawater) are particularly corrosive. Second, SRB and their characteristic corrosion product iron sulfide are ubiquitously associated with anaerobic corrosion damage, and third, no other physiological group produces comparably severe corrosion damage in laboratory-grown pure cultures. However, there remain many open questions as to the underlying mechanisms and their relative contributions to corrosion. On the one hand, SRB damage iron constructions indirectly through a corrosive chemical agent, hydrogen sulfide, formed by the organisms as a dissimilatory product from sulfate reduction with organic compounds or hydrogen ("chemical microbially influenced corrosion"; CMIC). On the other hand, certain SRB can also attack iron via withdrawal of electrons ("electrical microbially influenced corrosion"; EMIC), viz., directly by metabolic coupling. Corrosion of iron by SRB is typically associated with the formation of iron sulfides (FeS) which, paradoxically, may reduce corrosion in some cases while they increase it in others. This brief review traces the historical twists in the perception of SRB-induced corrosion, considering the presently most plausible explanations as well as possible early misconceptions in the understanding of severe corrosion in anoxic, sulfate-rich environments.
566 citations
TL;DR: A brief review of the mechanisms of MIC provides a state of the art insight into MIC mechanisms and it helps the diagnosis and prediction of occurrences of MIC under anaerobic conditions in the oil and gas industry.
279 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used bioenergetics to explain why and when sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) became aggressive toward carbon steel and found that 90% and 99% carbon reductions increased weight loss significantly.
251 citations
Cites background from "Laboratory investigation of microbi..."
...However, the Gibbs free energy change of reaction will not change the sign unless it is a borderline case to start with (Xu et al., 2013)....
[...]
...Apart from SRB, microbes such as some nitratereducing bacteria (NRB) are also found to be aggressive (Feio et al., 2000; Dunsmore et al., 2004; Videla and Herrera, 2005; Halim et al., 2011; Xu et al., 2013)....
[...]
TL;DR: It was found that both riboflavin and flavin adenine dinucleotide, two common electron mediators that enhance electron transfer, accelerated pitting corrosion and weight loss on the coupons when 10ppm (w/w) of either of them was added to the culture medium in 7-day anaerobic lab tests.
238 citations
TL;DR: This review evaluates different treatment methods and various techniques used to assess biocide treatment outcome including microbiology, molecular biology, corrosion testing and electrochemical methods.
234 citations
References
More filters
Book•
27 Aug 1985
TL;DR: Standard Potentials in Aqueous solution as mentioned in this paper is a collection of thermodynamic data from the IUPAC Commissions onElectrochemistry and Electroanalytical Chemistry, and it is a valuable supplementarytext for undergraduate and graduate-level chemistry students.
Abstract: The best available collection of thermodynamic data!The first-of-its-kind in over thirty years, this up-to-date book presents the current knowledgeon Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solution.Written by leading international experts and initiated by the IUPAC Commissions onElectrochemistry and Electroanalytical Chemistry, this remarkable work begins with athorough review of basic concepts and methods for determining standard electrodepotentials. Building upon this solid foundation, this convenient source proceeds to discussthe various redox couples for every known element.The chapters of this practical, time-saving guide are organized in order of the groups ofelements on the periodic table, for easy reference to vital material . AND each chapteralso contains the fundamental chemistry of elements ... numerous equations of chemicalreactions .. . easy-to-read tables of thermodynamic data . . . and useful oxidation-statediagrams.Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solution is an ideal, handy reference for analytical andphysical chemists, electrochemists, electroanalytical chemists, chemical engineers, biochemists,inorganic and organic chemists, and spectroscopists needing information onreactions and thermodynamic data in inorganic chemistry . And it is a valuable supplementarytext for undergraduate- and graduate-level chemistry students.
2,242 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of pH and the iron-to-nitrate ratio on both nitrate reduction rate and percent removal were investigated, and the apparent reaction order with respect to nitrate was determined and a mass balance was obtained.
479 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrifiers with different food and energy sources concluded that autotrophs are more effective in denitrification.
471 citations
TL;DR: A molecular iron complex that reacts with N2 and a potassium reductant to give a complex with two nitrides, which are bound to iron and potassium cations, which give structural and spectroscopic insight into N2 cleavage and N-H bond-forming reactions of iron.
Abstract: The most common catalyst in the Haber-Bosch process for the hydrogenation of dinitrogen (N(2)) to ammonia (NH(3)) is an iron surface promoted with potassium cations (K(+)), but soluble iron complexes have neither reduced the N-N bond of N(2) to nitride (N(3-)) nor produced large amounts of NH(3) from N(2). We report a molecular iron complex that reacts with N(2) and a potassium reductant to give a complex with two nitrides, which are bound to iron and potassium cations. The product has a Fe(3)N(2) core, implying that three iron atoms cooperate to break the N-N triple bond through a six-electron reduction. The nitride complex reacts with acid and with H(2) to give substantial yields of N(2)-derived ammonia. These reactions, although not yet catalytic, give structural and spectroscopic insight into N(2) cleavage and N-H bond-forming reactions of iron.
426 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The key concepts needed to understand the main effects of microorganisms on metal decay, and current trends in monitoring and control strategies to mitigate the deleterious effects of biocorrosion and biofouling are described.
Abstract: Summary. This review discusses the state-of-the-art of research into biocorrosion and the biofouling of metals and alloys of industrial usage. The key concepts needed to understand the main effects of microorganisms on metal decay, and current trends in monitoring and control strategies to mitigate the deleterious effects of biocorrosion and biofouling are also described. Several relevant cases of biocorrosion studied by our research group are provided as examples: (i) biocorrosion of aluminum and its alloys by fungal contaminants of jet fuels; (ii) sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB)induced corrosion of steel; (iii) biocorrosion and biofouling interactions in the marine environment; (iv) monitoring strategies for assessing biocorrosion in industrial water systems; (v) microbial inhibition of corrosion; (vi) use and limitations of electrochemical techniques for evaluating biocorrosion effects. Future prospects in the field are described with respect to the potential of innovative techniques in microscopy (environmental scanning electron microscopy, confocal scanning laser microscopy, atomic force microscopy), new spectroscopic techniques for the study of corrosion products and biofilms (energy dispersion X-ray analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron microprobe analysis) and electrochemistry (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, electrochemical noise analysis). [Int Microbiol 2005; 8(3):169-180]
401 citations