Journal ArticleDOI
Land surface temperature from Ka band (37 GHz) passive microwave observations
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TLDR
In this paper, an alternative to thermal infrared satellite sensors for measuring land surface temperature (Ts) is presented, where the 37 GHz vertical polarized brightness temperature is used to derive Ts because it is considered the most appropriate microwave frequency for temperature retrieval.Abstract:
[1] An alternative to thermal infrared satellite sensors for measuring land surface temperature (Ts) is presented. The 37 GHz vertical polarized brightness temperature is used to derive Ts because it is considered the most appropriate microwave frequency for temperature retrieval. This channel balances a reduced sensitivity to soil surface characteristics with a relatively high atmospheric transmissivity. It is shown that with a simple linear relationship, accurate values for Ts can be obtained from this frequency, with a theoretical bias of within 1 K for 70% of vegetated land areas of the globe. Barren, sparsely vegetated, and open shrublands cannot be accurately described with this single channel approach because variable surface conditions become important. The precision of the retrieved land surface temperature is expected to be better than 2.5 K for forests and 3.5 K for low vegetation. This method can be used to complement existing infrared derived temperature products, especially during clouded conditions. With several microwave radiometers currently in orbit, this method can be used to observe the diurnal temperature cycles with surprising accuracy.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global land-surface evaporation estimated from satellite-based observations
Diego G. Miralles,Thomas R. H. Holmes,Thomas R. H. Holmes,R.A.M. de Jeu,John H. C. Gash,A. G. C. A. Meesters,A. J. Dolman +6 more
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Trend-preserving blending of passive and active microwave soil moisture retrievals
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Yi Y. Liu,Yi Y. Liu,Yi Y. Liu,Robert Parinussa,Wouter Dorigo,R.A.M. de Jeu,Wolfgang Wagner,A. I. J. M. van Dijk,Matthew F. McCabe,Jason P. Evans +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, the retrieval characteristics of passive (AMSR-E) and active (ASCAT) microwave satellite estimates are combined to produce an improved soil moisture product. But the results of the satellite-based passive and active microwave sensors have the potential to offer improved estimates of surface soil moisture at global scale.
Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the skill of a new, merged soil moisture product (ECV_SM) that has been developed in the framework of the European Space Agency's Water Cycle Multi-mission Observation Strategy and Climate Change Initiative projects.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Natural evaporation from open water, bare soil and grass
TL;DR: It is shown that a satisfactory account can be given of open water evaporation at four widely spaced sites in America and Europe, the results for bare soil receive a reasonable check in India, and application of theresults for turf shows good agreement with estimates of evapolation from catchment areas in the British Isles.
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Journal ArticleDOI
FLUXNET: A New Tool to Study the Temporal and Spatial Variability of Ecosystem-Scale Carbon Dioxide, Water Vapor, and Energy Flux Densities
Dennis D. Baldocchi,Eva Falge,Lianhong Gu,Richard J. Olson,David Y. Hollinger,Steven W. Running,P. M. Anthoni,Ch. Bernhofer,Kenneth J. Davis,Robert G. Evans,Jose D. Fuentes,Allen H. Goldstein,Gabriel G. Katul,Beverly E. Law,Xuhui Lee,Yadvinder Malhi,Tilden P. Meyers,William Munger,Walter C. Oechel,Kim Pilegaard,Hans Peter Schmid,Riccardo Valentini,Shashi B. Verma,Timo Vesala,Kell B. Wilson,S. C. Wofsy +25 more
TL;DR: The FLUXNET project as mentioned in this paper is a global network of micrometeorological flux measurement sites that measure the exchanges of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy between the biosphere and atmosphere.
FLUXNET: A New Tool to Study the Temporal and Spatial Variability of Ecosystem-Scale Carbon Dioxide, Water Vapor, and Energy Flux Densities
Dennis D. Baldocchi,Eva Falge,Lianhong Gu,Richard J. Olson,David Y. Hollinger,Steven W. Running,P. M. Anthoni,Christian Bernhofer,Kenneth J. Davis,Robert G. Evans +9 more
Journal ArticleDOI
The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Sensor Package
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a reference guide to users wishing to make use of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission data, which covers each of the three primary rainfall instruments: the passive microwave radiometer, the precipitation radar, and the Visible and Infrared Radiometer System on board the spacecraft.
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