Large dispersion and high nonlinearity in silicon nanowire embedded photonic crystal fiber
19 Jun 2014-pp 1-4
TL;DR: In this article, a photonic silicon nanowire embedded microstructured optical fiber was designed, which is a special class of waveguide whose core diameter is of subwavelength or nanometer size with the air holes in the cladding.
Abstract: We design a photonic silicon nanowire embedded microstructured optical fiber which is a special class of waveguide whose core diameter is of subwavelength or nanometer size with the air holes in the cladding. We study the optical waveguiding properties, namely, waveguide dispersions and effective nonlinearity by varying the core diameter. The results reveal that the air-clad silicon subwavelength nanowire exhibits several interesting properties such as a large normal dispersion (82385 ps2/km) for 300 nm core diameter and a large anomalous dispersion (-6817.3 ps2/km) for 500 nm core diameter at 1.95 µm wavelength. The structure provides a large nonlinearity (3648 1/Wm) at 0.450 µm wavelength for 300 nm core diameter. These enhanced optical properties might find suitable for various nonlinear applications that include the generation of fewcycle pulses, supercontinuum generation and optical processing.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a novel tellurite glass based hybrid-core photonic crystal fiber (HCPCF) with large birefringence and high nonlinearity is designed.
Abstract: In this paper, a novel tellurite glass based hybrid-core photonic crystal fiber (HCPCF) with large birefringence and high nonlinearity is designed. The optical characteristics including the birefringence, nonlinearity, and group-velocity dispersion are studied by using full-vector finite element method. Simulation results show that large birefringence of 0.119 and high nonlinear coefficient of 3.42 W−1/m around 1550 nm can be obtained simultaneously, and the dispersion parameter can be flexibly adjusted. The HCPCF designed can find significant applications in optical communication, signal processing, and sensing systems.
19 citations
01 Jan 2018
TL;DR: In this paper, a brief study of photonic crystal fibers and recent developments and modifications presented to them for betterment of the optical parameters is presented, and the properties birefringence, nonlinearity, confinement loss, and chromatic dispersion are discussed.
Abstract: We present a brief study of the photonic crystal fibers and recent developments and modifications presented to them for betterment of the optical parameters. The properties birefringence, nonlinearity, confinement loss, and chromatic dispersion are discussed, and the fiber structures of the fiber designed from the past few years have been studied. The PCFs can be seen as the future of a number of optical applications owing to its low chromatic dispersion, low confinement loss, high birefringence, and nonlinearity, and, the best of all, its flexibility to modify its structural aspects to manipulate these properties as desired.
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Book•
01 Jan 1989TL;DR: The field of nonlinear fiber optics has advanced enough that a whole book was devoted to it as discussed by the authors, which has been translated into Chinese, Japanese, and Russian languages, attesting to the worldwide activity in the field.
Abstract: Nonlinear fiber optics concerns with the nonlinear optical phenomena occurring inside optical fibers. Although the field ofnonlinear optics traces its beginning to 1961, when a ruby laser was first used to generate the second-harmonic radiation inside a crystal [1], the use ofoptical fibers as a nonlinear medium became feasible only after 1970 when fiber losses were reduced to below 20 dB/km [2]. Stimulated Raman and Brillouin scatterings in single-mode fibers were studied as early as 1972 [3] and were soon followed by the study of other nonlinear effects such as self- and crossphase modulation and four-wave mixing [4]. By 1989, the field ofnonlinear fiber optics has advanced enough that a whole book was devoted to it [5]. This book or its second edition has been translated into Chinese, Japanese, and Russian languages, attesting to the worldwide activity in the field of nonlinear fiber optics.
15,770 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate the feasibility of achieving electrically driven lasing from individual nanowires and show that these structures can function as Fabry-Perot optical cavities with mode spacing inversely related to the nanowire length.
Abstract: Electrically driven semiconductor lasers are used in technologies ranging from telecommunications and information storage to medical diagnostics and therapeutics. The success of this class of lasers is due in part to well-developed planar semiconductor growth and processing, which enables reproducible fabrication of integrated, electrically driven devices. Yet this approach to device fabrication is also costly and difficult to integrate directly with other technologies such as silicon microelectronics. To overcome these issues for future applications, there has been considerable interest in using organic molecules, polymers, and inorganic nanostructures for lasers, because these materials can be fashioned into devices by chemical processing. Indeed, amplified stimulated emission and lasing have been reported for optically pumped organic systems and, more recently, inorganic nanocrystals and nanowires. However, electrically driven lasing, which is required in most applications, has met with several difficulties in organic systems, and has not been addressed for assembled nanocrystals or nanowires. Here we investigate the feasibility of achieving electrically driven lasing from individual nanowires. Optical and electrical measurements made on single-crystal cadmium sulphide nanowires show that these structures can function as Fabry-Perot optical cavities with mode spacing inversely related to the nanowire length. Investigations of optical and electrical pumping further indicate a threshold for lasing as characterized by optical modes with instrument-limited linewidths. Electrically driven nanowire lasers, which might be assembled in arrays capable of emitting a wide range of colours, could improve existing applications and suggest new opportunities.
2,396 citations
"Large dispersion and high nonlinear..." refers background in this paper
...Recently, several types of dielectric submicrometer and nanometer diameter wires of optical qualities have been fabricated [2] and also demonstrated for guiding light within the visible and near infrared spectral ranges [3]....
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TL;DR: In this article, a two-step process is described to generate a micrometer sized diameter silica preform fiber, and then the preform is drawn while coupled to a support element to form a nanometer sized diameter fiber.
Abstract: The present invention provides nanometer-sized diameter silica fibers that exhibit high diameter uniformity and surface smoothness. The silica fibers can have diameters in a range of a about 20 nm to about 1000 nm. An exemplary method according to one embodiment of the invention for generating such fibers utilizes a two-step process in which in an initial step a micrometer sized diameter silica preform fiber is generated, and in a second step, the silica preform is drawn while coupled to a support element to form a nanometer sized diameter silica fiber. The portion of the support element to which the preform is coupled is maintained at a temperature suitable for drawing the nansized fiber, and is preferably controlled to exhibit a temporally stable temperature profile.
1,357 citations
IBM1
TL;DR: The fabrication and accurate measurement of propagation and bending losses in single-mode silicon waveguides with submicron dimensions fabricated on silicon-on-insulator wafers with record low numbers can be used as a benchmark for further development of silicon microphotonic components and circuits.
Abstract: We report the fabrication and accurate measurement of propagation and bending losses in single-mode silicon waveguides with submicron dimensions fabricated on silicon-on-insulator wafers. Owing to the small sidewall surface roughness achieved by processing on a standard 200mm CMOS fabrication line, minimal propagation losses of 3.6+/-0.1dB/cm for the TE polarization were measured at the telecommunications wavelength of 1.5microm. Losses per 90 masculine bend are measured to be 0.086+/-0.005dB for a bending radius of 1microm and as low as 0.013+/-0.005dB for a bend radius of 2microm. These record low numbers can be used as a benchmark for further development of silicon microphotonic components and circuits.
999 citations
"Large dispersion and high nonlinear..." refers background in this paper
...In recent times, PNs have been fabricated from a variety of high-low index glasses such as silica glass, chalcogenide glass and silicon [10]....
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01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the performance of photonic wires and photonic-crystal waveguides for photonic integration in silicon-on-insulator (SiOI) circuits.
Abstract: High-index-contrast, wavelength-scale structures are key to ultracompact integration of photonic integrated circuits. The fabrication of these nanophotonic structures in silicon-on-insulator using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor processing techniques, including deep ultraviolet lithography, was studied. It is concluded that this technology is capable of commercially manufacturing nanophotonic integrated circuits. The possibilities of photonic wires and photonic-crystal waveguides for photonic integration are compared. It is shown that, with similar fabrication techniques, photonic wires perform at least an order of magnitude better than photonic-crystal waveguides with respect to propagation losses. Measurements indicate propagation losses as low as 0.24 dB/mm for photonic wires but 7.5 dB/mm for photonic-crystal waveguides.
801 citations