Journal ArticleDOI
Large-scale recording of neuronal ensembles
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TLDR
Large-scale recordings from neuronal ensembles now offer the opportunity to test competing theoretical frameworks and require further development of the neuron–electrode interface, automated and efficient spike-sorting algorithms for effective isolation and identification of single neurons, and new mathematical insights for the analysis of network properties.Abstract:
How does the brain orchestrate perceptions, thoughts and actions from the spiking activity of its neurons? Early single-neuron recording research treated spike pattern variability as noise that needed to be averaged out to reveal the brain's representation of invariant input. Another view is that variability of spikes is centrally coordinated and that this brain-generated ensemble pattern in cortical structures is itself a potential source of cognition. Large-scale recordings from neuronal ensembles now offer the opportunity to test these competing theoretical frameworks. Currently, wire and micro-machined silicon electrode arrays can record from large numbers of neurons and monitor local neural circuits at work. Achieving the full potential of massively parallel neuronal recordings, however, will require further development of the neuron–electrode interface, automated and efficient spike-sorting algorithms for effective isolation and identification of single neurons, and new mathematical insights for the analysis of network properties.read more
Citations
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The origin of extracellular fields and currents — EEG, ECoG, LFP and spikes
TL;DR: High-density recordings of field activity in animals and subdural grid recordings in humans can provide insight into the cooperative behaviour of neurons, their average synaptic input and their spiking output, and can increase the understanding of how these processes contribute to the extracellular signal.
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Synaptic mechanisms of synchronized gamma oscillations in inhibitory interneuron networks
TL;DR: Experimental analysis in the hippocampus and the neocortex and computational analysis suggests that synaptic specialization turns interneuron networks into robust gamma frequency oscillators.
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Neurophysiological and Computational Principles of Cortical Rhythms in Cognition
TL;DR: A plethora of studies will be reviewed on the involvement of long-distance neuronal coherence in cognitive functions such as multisensory integration, working memory, and selective attention, and implications of abnormal neural synchronization are discussed as they relate to mental disorders like schizophrenia and autism.
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The computational brain: Patricia S. Churchland and Terrence J. Sejnowski (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1992); xi, 544 pages, $39.95
TL;DR: The Computational Brain this paper provides a broad overview of neuroscience and computational theory, followed by a study of some of the most recent and sophisticated modeling work in the context of relevant neurobiological research.
References
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The Organization of Behavior: A Neuropsychological Theory
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the first stage of perception: growth of the assembly, the phase sequence, and the problem of Motivational Drift, which is the line of attack.
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Oscillatory responses in cat visual cortex exhibit inter-columnar synchronization which reflects global stimulus properties.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated here that neurons in spatially separate columns can synchronize their oscillatory responses, which has, on average, no phase difference, depends on the spatial separation and the orientation preference of the cells and is influenced by global stimulus properties.
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Dynamic predictions: Oscillations and synchrony in top–down processing
TL;DR: It is argued that coherence among subthreshold membrane potential fluctuations could be exploited to express selective functional relationships during states of expectancy or attention, and these dynamic patterns could allow the grouping and selection of distributed neuronal responses for further processing.
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Dynamics of the hippocampal ensemble code for space
TL;DR: Parallel recording methods outlined here make possible the study of the dynamics of neuronal interactions during unique behavioral events, which suggests that new spatial information creates conditions in the hippocampal circuitry that are conducive to the synaptic modification presumed to be involved in learning.