Laser-guidance-based cell deposition microscope for heterotypic single-cell micropatterning
TL;DR: Using this cell deposition microscope, rat mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow were micropatterned with cardiomyocytes into a substrate microfabricated with polydimethylsiloxane on a 22 mm × 22 mm coverglass to form a single-cell coculturing microenvironment, and their electrophysiological property changes were investigated during the cocULTuring days.
Abstract: Cell patterning methods enable researchers to control specific homotypic and heterotypic contact-mediated cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions and to impose defined cell and tissue geometries. To micropattern individual cells to specific points on a substrate with high spatial resolution, we have developed a cell deposition microscope based on the laser-guidance technique. We discuss the theory of optical forces for generating laser guidance and the optimization of the optical configuration (NA ≈ 0.1) to manipulate cells with high speed in three dimensions. Our cell deposition microscope is capable of patterning different cell types onto and within standard cell research devices and providing on-stage incubation for long-term cell culturing. Using this cell deposition microscope, rat mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow were micropatterned with cardiomyocytes into a substrate microfabricated with polydimethylsiloxane on a 22 mm × 22 mm coverglass to form a single-cell coculturing microenvironment, and their electrophysiological property changes were investigated during the coculturing days.
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TL;DR: In this article, a review describes where electrospinning and additive manufacturing are used together to generate new porous structures for biological applications, which is suitable to be translated from the bench to the bedside.
Abstract: A well-engineered scaffold for regenerative medicine, which is suitable to be translated from the bench to the bedside, combines inspired design, technical innovation and precise craftsmanship. Electrospinning and additive manufacturing are separate approaches to manufacturing scaffolds for a variety of tissue engineering applications. A need to accurately control the spatial distribution of pores within scaffolds has recently resulted in combining the two processing methods, to overcome shortfalls in each technology. This review describes where electrospinning and additive manufacturing are used together to generate new porous structures for biological applications.
222 citations
TL;DR: This review outlines the general principles and current progress and compares the advantages and challenges for the most widely used biofabrication techniques for printing cells: extrusion, laser, microvalve, inkjet and tissue fragment printing.
Abstract: The development of cell printing is vital for establishing biofabrication approaches as clinically relevant tools. Achieving this requires bio-inks which must not only be easily printable, but also allow controllable and reproducible printing of cells. This review outlines the general principles and current progress and compares the advantages and challenges for the most widely used biofabrication techniques for printing cells: extrusion, laser, microvalve, inkjet and tissue fragment printing. It is expected that significant advances in cell printing will result from synergistic combinations of these techniques and lead to optimised resolution, throughput and the overall complexity of printed constructs.
209 citations
Cites background or methods from "Laser-guidance-based cell depositio..."
...2005) and positioning of cells in microarrays (Ma et al. 2011)....
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...This was used to pattern living cells on a substrate (Odde and Renn 2000) and has been explored for layering multiple cell types (Nahmias et al. 2005) and positioning of cells in microarrays (Ma et al. 2011)....
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TL;DR: A comprehensive review on current and advanced electrospinning strategies for skin regeneration can be found in this article, where the main research challenges and future trends of skin regeneration are discussed in the light of in vitro but mainly in vivo evidence.
111 citations
TL;DR: Specially designed micropatterning was not only able to create a unique topographical surface to control cell shape, alignment, cell-cell and cell-matrix contact for basic stem cell biology study, but also could be integrated with 3D bioprinting to generate micropattered 3D structure and thus to induce stem cell based tissue regeneration.
Abstract: Stem cells play essential roles in tissue regeneration in vivo via specific lineage differentiation induced by environmental factors. In the past, biochemical signals were the focus of induced stem cell differentiation. As reported by Engler et al (2006 Cell 126 677-89), biophysical signal mediated stem cell differentiation could also serve as an important inducer. With the advancement of material science, it becomes a possible strategy to generate active biophysical signals for directing stem cell fate through specially designed material microstructures. In the past five years, significant progress has been made in this field, and these designed biophysical signals include material elasticity/rigidity, micropatterned structure, extracellular matrix (ECM) coated materials, material transmitted extracellular mechanical force etc. A large number of investigations involved material directed differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem/progenitor cells, adipose derived stem cells, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, embryonic stem cells and other cells. Hydrogel based materials were commonly used to create varied mechanical properties via modifying the ratio of different components, crosslinking levels, matrix concentration and conjugation with other components. Among them, polyacrylamide (PAM) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) hydrogels remained the major types of material. Specially designed micropatterning was not only able to create a unique topographical surface to control cell shape, alignment, cell-cell and cell-matrix contact for basic stem cell biology study, but also could be integrated with 3D bioprinting to generate micropattered 3D structure and thus to induce stem cell based tissue regeneration. ECM coating on a specific topographical structure was capable of inducing even more specific and potent stem cell differentiation along with soluble factors and mechanical force. The article overviews the progress of the past five years in this particular field.
62 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory (GLMT) and the mechanical effects of laser light have been studied in the framework of two limiting regimes, namely Rayleigh regime for small size parameter and ray optics for large size parameter.
Abstract: Among the many works of Arthur Ashkin, many have been devoted to optical tweezers, optical levitation and optical manipulation of macroscopic particles (“macroscopic” being here to beunderstood as opposed to atoms or molecules). From a theoretical point of view, these experiments have been studied in the framework of two limiting regimes, namely Rayleigh regime for small size parameter and ray optics for large size parameter. The generalized Lorenz-Mie theory (GLMT, and more generally GLMTs) bridges the gap between these two regimes. The present paper therefore reviews GLMTs and mechanical effects of laser light, in Rouen where the GLMT had originally been built, but also worldwide. A story in the review concerns the first experimental validations of GLMT using optical levitation experiments.
38 citations
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TL;DR: The data suggest that even in the microenvironment of the injured heart, c-kit-enriched BM cells, Lin- c- Kit+ BM cells and c-Kit+ Thy1.1lo Lin- Sca-1+ long-term reconstituting haematopoietic stem cells adopt only traditional haem atopoetic fates.
Abstract: Under conditions of tissue injury, myocardial replication and regeneration have been reported. A growing number of investigators have implicated adult bone marrow (BM) in this process, suggesting that marrow serves as a reservoir for cardiac precursor cells. It remains unclear which BM cell(s) can contribute to myocardium, and whether they do so by transdifferentiation or cell fusion. Here, we studied the ability of c-kit-enriched BM cells, Lin- c-kit+ BM cells and c-kit+ Thy1.1(lo) Lin- Sca-1+ long-term reconstituting haematopoietic stem cells to regenerate myocardium in an infarct model. Cells were isolated from transgenic mice expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) and injected directly into ischaemic myocardium of wild-type mice. Abundant GFP+ cells were detected in the myocardium after 10 days, but by 30 days, few cells were detectable. These GFP+ cells did not express cardiac tissue-specific markers, but rather, most of them expressed the haematopoietic marker CD45 and myeloid marker Gr-1. We also studied the role of circulating cells in the repair of ischaemic myocardium using GFP+-GFP- parabiotic mice. Again, we found no evidence of myocardial regeneration from blood-borne partner-derived cells. Our data suggest that even in the microenvironment of the injured heart, c-kit-enriched BM cells, Lin- c-kit+ BM cells and c-kit+ Thy1.1(lo) Lin- Sca-1+ long-term reconstituting haematopoietic stem cells adopt only traditional haematopoietic fates.
1,748 citations
"Laser-guidance-based cell depositio..." refers background in this paper
...Potential stem and progenitor cells include mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) [14], hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) [15], embryonic stem cells (ESCs) [16] and resident cardiac stem cells [17]....
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TL;DR: It is shown that good trapping requires high convergence beams from a high numerical aperture objective and a comparison is given of traps made using bright field or differential interference contrast optics and phase contrast optics.
1,609 citations
TL;DR: HMSCs isolated from adult bone marrow provide an excellent model for development of stem cell therapeutics, and their potential use in the cardiovascular system is currently under investigation in the laboratory and clinical settings.
Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a stem cell population present in adult tissues that can be isolated, expanded in culture, and characterized in vitro and in vivo. MSCs differentiate readily...
1,461 citations
"Laser-guidance-based cell depositio..." refers background in this paper
...Potential stem and progenitor cells include mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) [14], hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) [15], embryonic stem cells (ESCs) [16] and resident cardiac stem cells [17]....
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TL;DR: An optical sorter for microscopic particles that exploits the interaction of particles—biological or otherwise—with an extended, interlinked, dynamically reconfigurable, three-dimensional optical lattice, and can be applied in colloidal, molecular and biological research.
Abstract: The response of a microscopic dielectric object to an applied light field can profoundly affect its kinetic motion1. A classic example of this is an optical trap, which can hold a particle in a tightly focused light beam2. Optical fields can also be used to arrange, guide or deflect particles in appropriate light-field geometries3,4. Here we demonstrate an optical sorter for microscopic particles that exploits the interaction of particles—biological or otherwise—with an extended, interlinked, dynamically reconfigurable, three-dimensional optical lattice. The strength of this interaction with the lattice sites depends on the optical polarizability of the particles, giving tunable selection criteria. We demonstrate both sorting by size (of protein microcapsule drug delivery agents) and sorting by refractive index (of other colloidal particle streams). The sorting efficiency of this method approaches 100%, with values of 96% or more observed even for concentrated solutions with throughputs exceeding those reported for fluorescence-activated cell sorting5. This powerful, non-invasive technique is suited to sorting and fractionation within integrated (‘lab-on-a-chip’) microfluidic systems, and can be applied in colloidal, molecular and biological research.
1,269 citations
TL;DR: Experiments with rotary motors, linear motors, RNA polymerase, and titin are described, highlighting important advances in the understanding of how motor proteins work.
Abstract: Single-molecule observation and manipulation have come of age. With the advent of optical tweezers and other methods for probing and imaging single molecules, investigators have circumvented the model-dependent extrapolation from ensemble assays that has been the hallmark of classical biochemistry and biophysics. In recent years, there have been important advances in the understanding of how motor proteins work. The range of these technologies has also started to expand into areas such as DNA transcription and protein folding. Here, recent experiments with rotary motors, linear motors, RNA polymerase, and titin are described.
666 citations