Journal Article•
Le capital au XXIe siècle
TL;DR: In this article, l'auteur demontre que si le taux de rendement du capital depasse a long terme, le Taux de croissance de la production and du revenu, le capitalisme produit mecaniquement des inegalites arbitraires ou le merite n'a plus guere droit de cite.
Abstract: Sillonnant trois siecles et plus de vingt pays, l'auteur demontre que si le taux de rendement du capital depasse a long terme le taux de croissance de la production et du revenu, ce qui sera sans doute la norme au XXIe siecle, le capitalisme produit mecaniquement des inegalites arbitraires ou le merite n'a plus guere droit de cite. Des solutions existent mais la marge de manuvre est etroite.
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Book•
12 Oct 2017TL;DR: The authors examine the evolution of industrial relations in Western Europe from the end of the 1970s up to the present and evaluate the extent to which liberalization has taken hold of European industrial relations and institutions through five detailed, chapter-length studies.
Abstract: This book has both empirical and theoretical goals. The primary empirical goal is to examine the evolution of industrial relations in Western Europe from the end of the 1970s up to the present. Its purpose is to evaluate the extent to which liberalization has taken hold of European industrial relations and institutions through five detailed, chapter-length studies, each focusing on a different country and including quantitative analysis. The book offers a comprehensive description and analysis of what has happened to the institutions that regulate the labor market, as well as the relations between employers, unions, and states in Western Europe since the collapse of the long postwar boom. The primary theoretical goal of this book is to provide a critical examination of some of the central claims of comparative political economy, particularly those involving the role and resilience of national institutions in regulating and managing capitalist political economies.
233 citations
TL;DR: A framework for the assessment of the resilience and the reactivity of the coupled population–food system is developed and it is suggested that over the past two decades both its sensitivity to external perturbations and susceptibility to instability have increased.
Abstract: The escalating food demand by a growing and increasingly affluent global population is placing unprecedented pressure on the limited land and water resources of the planet, underpinning concerns over global food security and its sensitivity to shocks arising from environmental fluctuations, trade policies, and market volatility. Here, we use country-specific demographic records along with food production and trade data for the past 25 y to evaluate the stability and reactivity of the relationship between population dynamics and food availability. We develop a framework for the assessment of the resilience and the reactivity of the coupled population–food system and suggest that over the past two decades both its sensitivity to external perturbations and susceptibility to instability have increased.
177 citations
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: A literature review on recent research results analysing the implications of industry 4.0 and cyber physical systems on human labour and work organisation is presented in this paper, which provides an overview of the current status of discussion on this matter.
Abstract: This article comprises a literature review on recent research results analysing the implications of industry 4.0 and cyber physical systems on human labour and work organisation meant to provide an overview of the current status of discussion on this matter. It therefore provides a summary of the results from several international research studies and initiatives consolidating respective research findings further supplemented by the results of an additional non-representative expert panel review. The main findings indicate that Industry 4.0 would lead to a substantial decrease in standardised low-skill and an increase in high-skill activities, embracing planning, control and IT-related tasks. The majority of researchers expects a growing complexity in many job profiles, along with an increasing need for cross-functional work organisation and cross-company partner networks. They also project a growing importance of continuous learning, training and education in order for the workforce to be able to adapt to future qualification requirements derived from Industry 4.0 technologies. As a result of those developments, a transformation of the tax system is suggested, away from the current focus on labour taxes.
147 citations
Cites background from "Le capital au XXIe siècle"
...This topic has only recently been further discussed in the context of the debate on the introduction of an unconditional basic income as a potential consequence of the growing shift towards income from capital gains at the expense of income from human labour (Blasi & Freeman & Kruse, 2013; Piketty, 2013; Laudenbach & Heuer, 2015)....
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...…further discussed in the context of the debate on the introduction of an unconditional basic income as a potential consequence of the growing shift towards income from capital gains at the expense of income from human labour (Blasi & Freeman & Kruse, 2013; Piketty, 2013; Laudenbach & Heuer, 2015)....
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TL;DR: The last three decades have witnessed the emergence of a new species of capitalism, which is characterized by financialisation, inequality and stagnation as mentioned in this paper, and it can be found in the global monopolisation of knowledge, which involves hierarchical relations among firms and between capital and labour.
Abstract: The last three decades have witnessed the emergence of a new species of capitalism. In spite of marked differences between its national varieties, a common characteristic of this species can be found in the global monopolisation of knowledge. This monopolisation involves hierarchical relations among firms and between capital and labour, because the capital of some firms includes the exclusive ownership of much of the knowledge used in production. Since the 1994 Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights agreements, the growing commoditisation of knowledge has extended the role of closed science and closed markets at the expense of open science and open markets. The intrinsic long-term dynamics of this species of capitalism is increasingly characterised by financialisation, inequality and stagnation. In order to exit from the current crisis, we must change many features of intellectual monopoly capitalism and rely on an eclectic approach that draws insights from liberal, Keynesian and Marxian traditions.
89 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that the intrinsic long-term dynamics of this species of capitalism are increasingly characterized by inequality and stagnation, and they must change many features of Intellectual Monopoly Capitalism and rely on an eclectic approach that draws insights from the Liberal, the Keynesian and the Marxian traditions.
Abstract: The last three decades have witnessed the emergence of a new species of capitalism. In spite of marked differences among its different national varieties, a common characteristic of this species can be found in the global monopolization of knowledge. This monopolization involves hierarchical relations among firms and between capital and labor because the capital of some firms includes the exclusive ownership of much of the knowledge used in production. Since the 1994 TRIPS agreements, the growing commoditization of knowledge has extended the role of closed science and closed markets at the expense of open science and open markets. The intrinsic long-term dynamics of this species of capitalism are increasingly characterized by inequality and stagnation. In order to exit from the current crisis, we must change many features of Intellectual Monopoly Capitalism and rely on an eclectic approach that draws insights from the Liberal, the Keynesian and the Marxian traditions.
72 citations