Learning to Labour: How Working Class Kids Get Working Class Jobs
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Cites background from "Learning to Labour: How Working Cla..."
...Willis (1977) made the indirect observation that working-class fathers passed knowledge of industrial labour and the associated working-class masculine pride to sons, which may help understand young male workers’ labour practices (see also Arnot, 2013; Kenway & Kraack, 2013)....
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12 citations
12 citations
Cites background from "Learning to Labour: How Working Cla..."
...…practices of the working classes are likely to be directed towards opposing dominant – middle class – culture, and that these result in „entrapping decisions in a sufficient number to grittingly meet the requirements of [capitalist] “structure” and so help to reproduce it‟ (Willis 1977, p.128)....
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...Of particular interest for this thesis is the work of the Birmingham scholar Paul Willis, and specifically his (1977) ethnography of working class „lads‟ in a school setting, in which he utilises cultural reproduction theory to understand their „condemnation‟ into working class jobs....
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...…theory, by challenging domination through producing oppositional cultures, working class people find themselves confirming the very inequality that subordinates them: „The very strength and success of this cultural production brings some profoundly reproductive consequences‟ (Willis 1977, p.130)....
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...…children only went on to get working class jobs) because capitalist production required it to be so, some were dissatisfied with such structural determinism and the implied lack of agency; with the way in which „agency become[s] merely a reflex of structural determination‟ (Willis 1977, p.111)....
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...However, they also wanted to be able to explain why, given that working class people are active social agents, they seem to „accept their unequal fates‟ (Willis 1977, p.120)....
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12 citations
Cites background from "Learning to Labour: How Working Cla..."
...Echoing what Biao Xiang (2017) has termed an infrastructural ‘base’ for labour migration, vocational schools are specific sites of ‘learning to labour’ (Willis 1977) which involve the politics of subjectivation as well as the power of subject-making, a process in which the emotional aspects of…...
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12 citations
References
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