Least-Squares Based Switched Adaptive Predictors for Lossless Video Coding
12 Nov 2007-Vol. 6, pp 69-72
TL;DR: A context-based predictive coding method for lossless compression of video using a model to estimate level of activity in the prediction context of a pixel in terms of slope and a LS based method to find switched predictors to be associated with the various bins.
Abstract: This paper presents a context-based predictive coding method for lossless compression of video. For this method, we propose a model to estimate level of activity in the prediction context of a pixel. This is measured in terms of slope and the same is optimally classified to results in a small number of slope bins. After finding the slope bins, we propose a LS based method to find switched predictors to be associated with the various bins. The set of the predictors are found on a frame-by-frame basis and when it is incorporated in CALIC frame work, the proposed method results in, on an average, a better compression performance than that is obtained using recently published methods - LOPT and M-CALIC. The proposed codec has higher coding complexity but much lower decoding complexity, which is necessary for real-time video decoding. The proposed method of coding, however, has much lower complexity as compared to the LOPT method, which has same order of high coding and decoding complexity.
Citations
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TL;DR: A prediction-based lossless compression algorithm using least square approach is proposed for the compression of CT images and was found to be efficient and tested on DICOM abdomen CT datasets.
Abstract: The storage and transmission of medical data such as CT/MR DICOM images are an essential part of the telemedicine application. In this paper, a prediction-based lossless compression algorithm using least square approach is proposed for the compression of CT images. Prior to compression, the preprocessing was performed by neutrosophic median filter. The gradient adjusted prediction scheme was employed for the determination of prediction coefficients, and polynomial least square fitting approach was used for optimal selection of prediction coefficients. The selected prediction coefficients are finally encoded by Huffman coder for transmission. The quality of the reconstructed image was validated by performance metrics and compared with other compression techniques like JPEG, contextual vector quantization and vector quantization using bat optimization (BAT-VQ). The proposed neutrosophic set-based least square compression algorithm was found to be efficient and tested on DICOM abdomen CT datasets. The hardware implementation was done by Raspberry Pi processor using Java platform for transferring the data through cloud network for telemedicine application.
7 citations
01 Oct 2012
TL;DR: This paper adopts intra and inter two liner prediction modes to eliminate the redundancy among temporal and spatial neighbor pixels and shows that the proposed method can improve prediction efficiency up to 0.27dB.
Abstract: Linear prediction is an efficient tool for lossless video coding; however data overfitting and context dilution often occur which reduce the prediction efficiency, especially in occlude and large motion image area. In this paper, we will adopt intra and inter two liner prediction modes to eliminate the redundancy among temporal and spatial neighbor pixels. The two prediction modes can be adaptively switched based on their prediction accuracy evaluation in predefined neighborhood region. Experiment results shows that our proposed method can improve prediction efficiency up to 0.27dB.
2 citations
10 Jun 2013
TL;DR: A new lossless adaptive prediction based algorithm for continuous tone images, based on the prediction method used in Context based Adaptive Lossless Image Coding, which reduces spatial redundancy in a image.
Abstract: Images are an important part of today's digital world. However, due to the large quantity of data needed to represent modern imagery the storage of such data can be expensive. Thus, work on efficient image storage (image compression) has the potential to reduce storage costs and enable new applications.This lossless image compression has uses in medical, scientific and professional video processing applications.Compression is a process, in which given size of data is compressed to a smaller size. Storing and sending images to its original form can present a problem in terms of storage space and transmission speed.Compression is efficient for storing and transmission purpose. In this paper we described a new lossless adaptive prediction based algorithm for continuous tone images. In continuous tone images spatial redundancy exists.Our approach is to develop a new backward adaptive prediction techniques to reduce spatial redundancy in a image.The new prediction technique known as Modifed Gradient Adjusted Predictor (MGAP) is developed. MGAP is based on the prediction method used in Context based Adaptive Lossless Image Coding (CALIC). An adaptive selection method which selects the predictor in a slope bin in terms of minimum entropy improves the compression performance.
2 citations
01 Oct 2012
TL;DR: In this article, a new prediction scheme for lossless compression of fingerprint images is proposed, which uses the symmetric/near symmetric property of such images, and the scheme first divides the image horizontally into two halves and then the upper half is divided vertically in another two halves; resulting in three parts of the given image.
Abstract: In this paper we propose a new prediction scheme for lossless compression of fingerprint images. The proposed method uses the symmetric/near symmetric property of such images. The scheme first divides the image horizontally into two halves and then the upper half is divided vertically in another two halves; resulting in three parts of the given image. It is observed that the two halves of the upper part are highly correlated. In view of this observation, the pixels of the right half are predicted using those in the left half and also in the present half. On the other hand, pixels of the left half and those of the bottom half are classified as per slope bins of GAP and then LS based predictor is used with respective classes. Prediction performance of the proposed scheme is found to be significantly better than many competitive and popularly used methods.
2 citations
Cites background from "Least-Squares Based Switched Adapti..."
...In view of this pixels of an image can be classified based on slope classification bin boundaries mentioned in [9]....
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12 Aug 2016
TL;DR: A novel non-linear prediction based method for lossless video coding that exploits gradient energies to perform pixel by pixel prediction and a feedback mechanism based on prediction context is proposed, which prevents the non- linear predictor from over adjusting its predicted value.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a novel non-linear prediction based method for lossless video coding. This method exploits gradient energies to perform pixel by pixel prediction. A feedback mechanism based on prediction context is also proposed, which prevents the non-linear predictor from over adjusting its predicted value. To exploit the redundancies present in the residues, a context based residue coding scheme is devised. This scheme efficiently predicts sign and magnitude of the residue. Besides computational simplicity of the proposed method, experimental results show lower value of zero order entropy as compared to the competitive algorithms reported in the literature.
1 citations
Cites methods from "Least-Squares Based Switched Adapti..."
...A LS based method to find switched predictors to be associated with the various bins is proposed in [6]....
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References
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TL;DR: A compression technique is proposed which is based on motion compensation, optimal three-dimensional (3-D) linear prediction and context based Golomb-Rice entropy coding, which is compared with 3-D extensions of the JPEG-LS standard for still image compression.
Abstract: We consider the problem of lossless compression of video by taking into account temporal information. Video lossless compression is an interesting possibility in the line of production and contribution. We propose a compression technique which is based on motion compensation, optimal three-dimensional (3-D) linear prediction and context based Golomb-Rice (1966, 1979) entropy coding. The proposed technique is compared with 3-D extensions of the JPEG-LS standard for still image compression. A compression gain of about 0.8 bit/pel with respect to static JPEG-LS, applied on a frame-by-frame basis, is achievable at a reasonable computational complexity.
106 citations
"Least-Squares Based Switched Adapti..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Motion vectors corresponding to the two previous frames are found using a block size of 16 × 16 and search range of ± 8 pixels [4],[5]....
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...If there are only 5% edged pixels and for NW = 70 [4] and frame of size 720×576 involves more than 14...
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...The first four CCIR standard video sequences (dimensions 720 × 576) are the same as used in [4] while last six CIR sized sequences are the same that are used [5]....
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...In LOPT method [4] of video compression, decision of estimation of the LS based predictor, for x(n), depends on the amplitude of the prediction error at the previous pixel location, (n − 1)....
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10 Sep 2000
TL;DR: A new approach to context-based predictive coding of video, where the interframe or intraframe coding mode is adaptively selected on a pixel basis, which enables the coder to easily incorporate error modeling and context modeling by performing the intraframes coding with one of the existing image coders such as the JPEG-LS standard.
Abstract: We propose a new approach to context-based predictive coding of video, where the interframe or intraframe coding mode is adaptively selected on a pixel basis. We perform the coding mode selection using only the previously reconstructed samples which are also available at the decoder, so that any overhead information on the coding mode selection does not need to be transmitted to the decoder. The proposed coder also provides the lossless concatenated coding property when applied to multigeneration of video sequences since the same coding mode information is available at the second time encoding. The proposed coding mode selection enables the coder to easily incorporate error modeling and context modeling by performing the intraframe coding with one of the existing image coders such as the JPEG-LS standard. Experiments show that the proposed approach in conjunction with the JPEG-LS standard provides significant improvements in compression efficiency.
36 citations
"Least-Squares Based Switched Adapti..." refers methods in this paper
...A context-based predictive coding method is reported in [3]....
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21 Dec 2005
TL;DR: This paper presents a lossless video coding technique which extends interframe-CALlC by employing multi-frame motion compensation to first temporally decorrelate the video material, followed by context-based arithmetic coding of the residual data.
Abstract: In this paper we consider the problem of lossless compression of video sequences exploiting the temporal redundancy between subsequent frames. More specifically, we present a lossless video coding technique which extends interframe-CALlC by employing multi-frame motion compensation to first temporally decorrelate the video material, followed by context-based arithmetic coding of the residual data. To avoid the well known context-dilution problem, we perform context quantization. The proposed technique, called motion-CALIC, is shown to outperform competing methods such as interframe-CALIC and LOPT-3D up to 22.93% in terms of bitrate savings, while still maintaining manageable complexity
12 citations
"Least-Squares Based Switched Adapti..." refers methods in this paper
...The proposedmethod of video coding is simulated usingmany video sequences and the results are compared against LOPT and Motion-CALIC (M-CALIC)....
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...Motion vectors corresponding to the two previous frames are found using a block size of 16 × 16 and search range of ± 8 pixels [4],[5]....
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...The first four CCIR standard video sequences (dimensions 720 × 576) are the same as used in [4] while last six CIR sized sequences are the same that are used [5]....
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...However, this may be noted that M-CALIC estimates predictors on a block-by-block basis without employing any classification scheme for the pixels....
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...There are a fewmethods such as [2] - [5] for lossless video coding....
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14 Nov 2005
TL;DR: Simulation results, for medical images, using optimal slope bins and associated predictors show a significant better compression performance as compared to the other methods such as GAP and edge-directed prediction (EDP) method.
Abstract: Gradient adjusted predictor (GAP) uses seven fixed range of slope quantization bins and different predictors associated with each bin, for prediction of pixels of all kinds of images. Criteria for range of slope in the bins and associated predictors are not reported in the literature. This paper presents a technique for slope quantization bins which are optimum for a given set of images. It also presents a technique for finding a statistically optimal predictor for a given range of slope bin. Simulation results, for medical images, using optimal slope bins and associated predictors show a significant better compression performance as compared to the other methods such as GAP and edge-directed prediction (EDP) method. The proposed method and GAP has same order of computational complexity while EDP is computationally much expensive.
4 citations
"Least-Squares Based Switched Adapti..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Usually, in this prediction scheme, the slope is classified into a small number of slope bins because slope space is usually large [1]....
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...In these methods, prediction is made using switched predictors and the switching principal is based on a measure of the characteristics of the neighbourhood pixels [1]....
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...Details of the classification scheme can be found in [1]....
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01 Jul 2002
3 citations
"Least-Squares Based Switched Adapti..." refers methods in this paper
...There are a fewmethods such as [2] - [5] for lossless video coding....
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...Method described in [2] finds difference frame, using present frame and motion compensated previous frame, and then JPEG2000 (in lossless mode) is applied on the difference frame....
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