Lengthwise jute fibre properties variation and its effect on jute–polyester composite
TL;DR: In this article, the jute reeds were equally divided lengthwise from root to tip in three portions namely root, middle and tip, and the fiber diameter, fineness, tensile strength and bundle stren...
Abstract: In this study, the jute reeds were equally divided lengthwise from root to tip in three portions namely root, middle and tip. The fibre diameter, fineness, tensile strength and bundle stren...
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TL;DR: An overview of a diverse range of fibers, their properties, functionality, classification, and various fiber composite manufacturing techniques is presented to discover the optimized fiber-reinforced composite material for significant applications.
Abstract: Composites have been found to be the most promising and discerning material available in this century. Presently, composites reinforced with fibers of synthetic or natural materials are gaining more importance as demands for lightweight materials with high strength for specific applications are growing in the market. Fiber-reinforced polymer composite offers not only high strength to weight ratio, but also reveals exceptional properties such as high durability; stiffness; damping property; flexural strength; and resistance to corrosion, wear, impact, and fire. These wide ranges of diverse features have led composite materials to find applications in mechanical, construction, aerospace, automobile, biomedical, marine, and many other manufacturing industries. Performance of composite materials predominantly depends on their constituent elements and manufacturing techniques, therefore, functional properties of various fibers available worldwide, their classifications, and the manufacturing techniques used to fabricate the composite materials need to be studied in order to figure out the optimized characteristic of the material for the desired application. An overview of a diverse range of fibers, their properties, functionality, classification, and various fiber composite manufacturing techniques is presented to discover the optimized fiber-reinforced composite material for significant applications. Their exceptional performance in the numerous fields of applications have made fiber-reinforced composite materials a promising alternative over solitary metals or alloys.
619 citations
Cites background from "Lengthwise jute fibre properties va..."
...It has been seen that along with the length of a raw jute reed, tensile strength and bundle strength decrease from root to tip, with the root portion-based composite carrying 44% and 35% higher tensile and flexural strength, respectively, than that of the composites made from the tip portion of raw jute reed [92,93]....
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...[92,93] Jute Polyester, PP Ropes, roofing, door panels....
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...[82,92] Polyester Durable, resistance to water, chemicals Structural...
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TL;DR: The use of green composites from natural fiber, particularly with regard to the development and characterization of chitosan, natural-fiber-reinforced CHITOSAN biopolymer, chitOSan blends, and CHITosan nanocomposites, was highlighted in this paper .
Abstract: There has been much effort to provide eco-friendly and biodegradable materials for the next generation of composite products owing to global environmental concerns and increased awareness of renewable green resources. This review article uniquely highlights the use of green composites from natural fiber, particularly with regard to the development and characterization of chitosan, natural-fiber-reinforced chitosan biopolymer, chitosan blends, and chitosan nanocomposites. Natural fiber composites have a number of advantages such as durability, low cost, low weight, high specific strength, non-abrasiveness, equitably good mechanical properties, environmental friendliness, and biodegradability. Findings revealed that chitosan is a natural fiber that falls to the animal fiber category. As it has a biomaterial form, chitosan can be presented as hydrogels, sponges, film, and porous membrane. There are different processing methods in the preparation of chitosan composites such as solution and solvent casting, dipping and spray coating, freeze casting and drying, layer-by-layer preparation, and extrusion. It was also reported that the developed chitosan-based composites possess high thermal stability, as well as good chemical and physical properties. In these regards, chitosan-based “green” composites have wide applicability and potential in the industry of biomedicine, cosmetology, papermaking, wastewater treatment, agriculture, and pharmaceuticals.
91 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of gamma radiation on the tensile strength and Young's modulus (Y) properties of jute fabrics were investigated with five different doses of 100 to 500 krad.
Abstract: Woven jute fabric was used as a reinforcing material for making two types of composite, named Jute/PR and Jute/Epoxy, with two different matrixes of polyester resin and epoxy, respectively, by hand layup techniques. Five different doses of gamma radiation from 100 to 500 krad were used to investigate the effects of the mechanical properties of the composites and the jute fabrics. Though gamma radiation improved the mechanical properties, such as the tensile strength (TS) and Young’s modulus (Y), and decreased the elongation at break % (Eb%) of the composites, it deteriorated all these properties for jute fabrics. The highest values of TS and Y and the lowest value of Eb% were found to be 39.44 Mpa, 1218.33 Mpa, and 7.68% for the Jute/PR; and 48.83 Mpa, 1459.67 Mpa, and 3.68% for the Jute/Epoxy composites, respectively, at a 300 krad gamma radiation dose. A further increase in dose altered all these properties; thus, 300 krad was found to be the optimum dose for both of the composites. Between the two composites, gamma radiation influenced the Jute/PR composite more than the Jute/Epoxy composite.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a review of the inorganic nanoparticles-filled natural reinforced polymer composite and their applications is presented, which reveals that the incorporation of inorganic particles into a natural fiber reinforced polymer composites improved mechanical and tribological properties, it also enhanced thermal stability and flame retardancy and reduced the water absorption capacity of biocomposites.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, chemical and flame resistance of natural fiber-reinforced composites is a point of concern for industry and researchers, especially for applications involving chemicals and high temperatures.
Abstract: Chemical and flame resistance of natural fiber-reinforced composites is a point of concern for industry and researchers, especially for applications involving chemicals and high temperatures. The p...
11 citations
Cites background from "Lengthwise jute fibre properties va..."
...To reduce this problem, natural fibers are chemically treated which enhances the interaction between reinforcement fiber and matrix polymer (Ali et al., 2015; Das et al., 2019; Hill & Abdul Khalil, 2000; Kabir et al., 2012; Sayeed & Paharia, 2019)....
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References
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TL;DR: A review of the important technologies of nature relating to textiles is presented in this paper, where some of the technologies useful in the development of technical textiles like functional surfaces, camouflage, structural color, thermal insulation, dry-adhesion, etc.
Abstract: Nature has created excellent technologies around us, and as such, it is the chief mentor to humans on creativity and technology development. Nature uses fibre as a building block - natural structures like wood, bamboo, bone, muscle, etc. all have fibrous structure. Fibre spinning and weaving technologies are available in nature since time immemorial. Nature has also demonstrated sophisticated technologies useful in the development of technical textiles like functional surfaces, camouflage, structural colour, thermal insulation, dry-adhesion, etc. Thus, biomimicry can be an inspiration to develop innovative textiles. This article reviews some of the important technologies of nature relating to textiles.
54 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the tensile strength and Young's modulus of jute fiber bundles were investigated and shown to depend on the physical characteristics of its internal structure such as the cellulose content, changes in the crystalline region content expressed in terms of crystallinity index, and micro-fibril angle.
Abstract: The structure of jute fibre has been modified using caustic soda up to a limit in order to improve its performance. The SEM micrographs of untreated jute fibres show a smooth surface, while alkalised jute fibres show rough and void regions between individual fibre cells. The study showed that the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of jute fibre bundles depends on the physical characteristics of its internal structure such as the cellulose content, changes in the crystalline region content expressed in terms of crystallinity index, and micro-fibril angle. Results also showed tensile properties optimised at 0.24% NaOH (w/w). Overall, alkalised fibres exhibit brittle fracture. The study demonstrated the dependence of tensile properties on the changes in fibre structure following alkalisation.
52 citations
"Lengthwise jute fibre properties va..." refers background in this paper
...In cellulosic fibre selection for reinforcement purpose, the crystallinity index and microfibrillar angle of fibre play an important role on the mechanical properties of the composite (Mwaikambo, 2009)....
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...Tensile strength and modulus of fibres are important parameters for their selection in use (Bledzki, 1999; Mwaikambo, 2009)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, unshredded waste newspaper based composites have been prepared in polyester resin matrix and water absorption and thickness swelling tests are conducted by immersing composite samples in distilled water at room temperature.
51 citations
"Lengthwise jute fibre properties va..." refers background in this paper
...…some advantageous physical properties, like high tensile strength, low tensile elongation at break, low cost and eco-friendly fibres which are renewable in nature and these properties make it attractive for use as reinforcing material (Das, 2017a; Jawaid, Khalil, Bakar, Hassan, & Dungani, 2013)....
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...4) S ¼ Kk b cos h (4) where S, K, k, b and h are, respectively, crystallite size, Scherrer constant (0.94), wave length of X-rays (1.54Å), full width of the peak at half maximum (FWHM) and scattering angle of the XRD peak (Das, 2017a; Kamal, Ul-Islam, Khan, & Asiri, 2015)....
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...If the jute fibres are exactly perpendicular to the incoming beam, the microfibril angle (m) is simply calculated as l ¼ v2 (Das, 2017b; Guo, Fu, & Fu, 2000)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, an improved X-ray diffraction rotating orientation measurement method is proposed that can measure the crystal lattice orientation quickly and accurately, and can also directly assess the quality of preferentially oriented specimens and quasi-single crystals through use of the butterfly diagram to measure crystal orientation distribution.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the thermal degradation behavior and the Arrhenius parameter of curaua, kenaf, and jute vegetal fibers were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry analysis.
Abstract: The thermal degradation behavior and the Arrhenius parameter of curaua, kenaf, and jute vegetal fibers were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry analysis. XRD showed that the crystallite sizes in the (200) plane were in the order: curaua < jute < kenaf, and similar results were obtained for basal spacing. FTIR spectroscopy corroborated the XRD results. The thermal behavior of the fibers was analyzed by identifying the cellulose and hemicellulose content using independent parallel first-order models. The results were not very consistent with the kinetic degradation models of Kissinger, Friedman, and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (taking into account the standard errors), which were used to determine the apparent activation energy of the fibers. In addition, the frequency factor (pre-exponential parameter) was observed to be independent of the heating rate. The fibers exhibited a compensation effect; i.e., higher apparent activation energies led to higher frequency factors. Finally, the solid-state degradation mechanism of all fibers was found to comprise diffusion and random nucleation followed by instantaneous growth of nuclei.
32 citations