Les jeux et les hommes
01 Jan 1960-Vol. 34, Iss: 4, pp 374
About: The article was published on 1960-01-01. It has received 382 citations till now.
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27 Sep 2018
TL;DR: The College de Pataphysique as discussed by the authors is a little-known mid-20th century French artistic movement, and two related groups, the Oulipo (Workshop of Potential Literature) and the Mouvement Panique.
Abstract: My dissertation investigates the College de Pataphysique, a little-known mid-20th century French artistic movement, and two related groups, the Oulipo (Workshop of Potential Literature) and the Mouvement Panique. The imaginary science of pataphysics was invented in 1893 by Alfred Jarry who argued that existing scientific laws only offered a limited number of possible explanations for worldly phenomena. The notion of pataphysics was picked up by the College in 1948, and its practitioners advocated the exploration of alternative approaches to reality through artistic and experimental means. Scholars have tended to ignore the College’s influence on 20th century French art and culture, preferring instead to treat its most famous practitioners, such as Raymond Queneau and Boris Vian, in isolation rather than as members of the pataphysical network. My dissertation contests dismissals of the College’s importance by reconstructing its long-occluded artistic genealogy and tracking its connections and ongoing cultural activities. Such an examination shows why pataphysical methods and modes of work might be relevant in contemporary intellectual and artistic contexts.
My first chapter traces the history of the College de Pataphysique. I examine the College’s founding documents and literary texts by pataphysicians, Raymond Queneau, Boris Vian and Rene Clair, demonstrating how they implement pataphysical philosophy in the process of creation. The second chapter focuses on the Oulipo and three of its writers, Georges Perec, Italo Calvino and Marcel Benabou, who use literature to experiment with potentiality and virtuality. The third chapter describes the case of the Mouvement Panique, and through films of its founders, Fernando Arrabal and Alejandro Jodorowsky, demonstrates that the cultivation of pataphysics is not limited to literature and can be realized in cinema. In the final chapter I look at the College’s contemporary publications and activities in order to draw conclusions about the growth of the pataphysical network and its importance for today’s arts and sciences.
9 citations
Proceedings Article•
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: The analysis illustrates the Social Ontology Project founded by John Searle and introduces some new concepts, such as Gameframe, Cyberplace and Interactive Figmentum, to categorize player types regarding to rules.
Abstract: In this essay you will find a theory about the relation of videogames and rules. The analysis illustrates the Social Ontology Project founded by John Searle and introduces some new concepts, such as Gameframe, Cyberplace and Interactive Figmentum. After some theoretical arguments you will find a double grill to categorize player types regarding to rules.
9 citations
05 Jan 2016
TL;DR: A sixth level of analysis in the evaluation of training process: Innovation supports the creation of a new strategy: the Playground strategy, which builds a typology of six strategies to implement serious games in higher education.
Abstract: This article is an exploratory approach of the different strategies used in higher education institutions for implementing serious games. In the complex and often slow-moving education sector, serious games are challenging not only the learners and teachers' practices but also the organizations' strategies. What performance criteria can be used in this specific context to evaluate the training? What types of strategies emerge? During the past decade, different types of serious games implementation have been experimented in higher education. Through a longitudinal analysis of six case studies, this article builds a typology of six strategies to implement serious games in higher education: Recycling, Ready-to wear, Home-made, Haute-couture, Co-branding and The Playground. This study therefore introduces a sixth level of analysis in the evaluation of training process: Innovation. It therefore supports the creation of a new strategy: the Playground strategy.
9 citations
Additional excerpts
...Games are therefore defined voluntary [11], and...
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15 Feb 2017
TL;DR: The triathlete learns to handle the different elements, but mostly by developing strategies of evasion as discussed by the authors, and each natural element imposes a particular body and mind experience, which can be analyzed using Bachelard's works.
Abstract: Each of the three sports of triathlon is centered on a natural element: water for swimming, air for cycling, earth for running. Additionally, the athlete experiences the fire of the effort. From a sociological point of view, the ability to manage the body in various elements and to switch from one discipline to another very different one, while showing qualities of endurance, relies on aptitudes highlighted by capitalism and liberalism. From a spiritual point of view, the narrative thread of a triathlon race reminds us of the biological evolution from water to earth, which happens conjointly with an increased perception. The triathlete learns to handle the different elements, but mostly by developing strategies of evasion. Each natural element imposes a particular body and mind experience, which can be analyzed using Bachelard’s works. While dramatizing an ecological return to primitive nature, triathlon shows how humans can dominate it.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a recent collection of articles about the phenomenology of sport at hand is discussed, with a focus on sport as a method or a philosophy (of 'ontological' character), and a review essay broadens out from the current volume under consideration towards a history of phenomenology and a differential phenomenology.
Abstract: Is phenomenology a method or a philosophy (of ‘ontological’ character)? This question is discussed here with a recent philosophical collection of articles about the phenomenology of sport at hand. However, one finds very few concrete phenomena in this volume, but much abstract talk about the authoritative philosophers of ontology and existentialism. This gives the ‘phenomenological school’ a somewhat sectarian character, which is not typical in recent contributions of phenomenology. This review essay broadens out from the current volume under consideration towards a history of phenomenology and a differential phenomenology of phenomenology. It is not clear how much value the volume itself, however, has for the understanding of sport as well as for the understanding of phenomenology. Nevertheless, it documents how phenomenological scholastics approach sport, which may serve as a warning at a time when positivist reductionism seems to have also become mainstream in human and social sciences.
8 citations
Cites background from "Les jeux et les hommes"
...Caillois (1958) translated this into a philosophy of paidia, the spontaneous play (like children’s play) and ludus, regulated games (like sport)....
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...• Caillois (1958) not only differentiated between paidia and ludus, but also devel- oped the classical distinction between four types of play: agon (fight, competition), alea (hazard game), mimicry (mask), and ilinx (frenzy, ecstasy)....
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