Letter: Occurrence of amastigote and sphaeromastigote stages of T. evansi in the brain tissue of the cat.
01 Jan 1973-Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg)-Vol. 67, Iss: 4, pp 609-609
About: This article is published in Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.The article was published on 1973-01-01. It has received 6 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Amastigote & Giemsa stain.
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: Cet article rapporte trois cas cliniques de trypanosomose a Trypanosoma evansi (« surra ») chez des chats Koweitiens arabes-Koweitien dans les symptomes, les anomalies hematologiques and the resultats du traitement sont decrits.
Abstract: Cet article rapporte trois cas cliniques de trypanosomose a Trypanosoma evansi (« surra ») chez des chats Koweitiens. Les symptomes, les anomalies hematologiques et les resultats du traitement sont decrits.
34 citations
15 Aug 2010
TL;DR: The nature of damage in the brain tissue and choroid plexus shows similarity with the cases of African trypanosomiasis, this salivarian species cause more deleterious effect in brain much earlier in the disease course than its African relatives.
Abstract: Bandicoot rat, Bandicota bengalensis, received intraperitoneal inoculation of Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) evansi flagellates and showed acute disease, leading to death during the 2nd peak of parasitaemia [14th day post infection (pi)]. Damage in brain and choroid plexus of the infected bandicoot is studied on the 5th, 8th, 12th and 14th day post inoculation. Sign of histopathological changes in the brain and choroid plexus of the bandicoot are detected after 1st peak of parasitaemia. Infiltration of lymphocyte and plasma cells, congestion, perivascular cuffing, gliosis and brain lesions are observed during 12th–14th day post intection. Multiple sclerosis, neuronophagia, focal haemorrhage, cerebral hyperplasia, oligodendrocytoma, astrocytoma and fatty degeneration of brain tissue are also found. Alteration in the ependymal cells of choroid plexus is noticed. Extensive oedema, infiltration of inflammatory cells and rupture of ventricular ependymal layer are found. Parasites are found both in the brain tissue and choroid plexus. No intracellular stage of the parasite is observed. The nature of damage in the brain tissue and choroid plexus shows similarity with the cases of African trypanosomiasis. This salivarian species cause more deleterious effect in brain much earlier in the disease course than its African relatives.
22 citations
Cites background from "Letter: Occurrence of amastigote an..."
...) evansi infected cat and monkey is also known (Choudhury and Misra, 1973; Misra and Choudhury, 1975)....
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...Presence of trypomastigote, amastogote and sphaeromastigote stages in the brain tissue smear of T. (T.) evansi infected cat and monkey is also known (Choudhury and Misra, 1973; Misra and Choudhury, 1975)....
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...Involvement of choroid plexus in surra disease was first pointed out by Choudhury and Misra (1973)....
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TL;DR: Five cats were experimentally inoculated with Trypanosoma evansi in order to evaluate the pathological changes induced by this protozoan infection, and gross findings included generalized muscle atrophy, pale mucosae, icterus of the subcutaneous and serosal tissue and the intima of arteries, lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly.
20 citations
TL;DR: The paper highlights zoonotic potentialities of T. evansi as well as its ability of disease formation within some heterologous mammal viz., albino rat, guineapig, bandicoot, mongoose, domestic cat and common monkey.
Abstract: Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) evansi is a causative agent of the dreadful mammalian disease trypanosomiasis or 'Surra' and carried as a latent parasite in domestic cattle but occasionally proves fatal when transmitted to horses and camel. Sporadic outbreak of 'Surra' to different animals (beside their natural hosts) reminds that T. evansi may be zoonotic, as their close relative cause sleeping sickness to human being. This haemoflagellate is mechanically transmitted by horse fly and its effect on different host varies depending on certain factors including the effectiveness of transmission by mechanical vector, the suitability and susceptibility of the host as well as most importantly the ability of the disease establishment of parasite to adapt itself to the host's resistance, etc. The course of the disease caused by T. evansi is similar to that of human sleeping sickness caused by T. (T.) brucei gambiense. The target organs and symptoms show close similarity. T. evansi can successfully be transmitted among unnatural hosts i.e., other classes of vertebrates, like chicken. In transmission experiments, the unnatural hosts may sometimes induce profound changes in the biology of trypanosomes. Hence, in present study the observations are the biology of different morphological changes of T. evansi as well as its ability of disease formation within some heterologous mammal viz., albino rat, guineapig, bandicoot, mongoose, domestic cat and common monkey. Blood smears of infected albino rats, bandicoot, and mongoose revealed only monomorphic form. Interestingly, blood smears of infected cat and monkey, T. evansi shows slender trypomastigote form and short intermediate form whereas organ smears shows other two forms of haemoflagellate viz., sphaeromastigote and amastigote form. The haemoflagellate maintains a common reproductive cycle in all the experimental heterologous hosts whereas disease symptoms differ. T. evansi infected cat and monkey shows nervous symptoms. Infected monkey expresses some symptoms similar to that of human sleeping sickness disease. Thus the paper highlights zoonotic potentialities of T. evansi.
16 citations
Cites background from "Letter: Occurrence of amastigote an..."
...In the later part of the present investigation, impression smear of optic lobe and cerebellum of experimentally infected cats revealed the presence of amastigote and sphaeromastigote stages of T. evansi (Choudhury and Misra 1973; Misra and Choudhury 1974, 1975)....
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...Thus pleomorphic forms are not uncommon (Ormered and Venkatesan 1971a, b; Choudhury and Misra 1973)....
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TL;DR: The current study is the first to describe the morphological profile of T. evansi infecting camels in Sultanate of Oman and it was frequently characterized by slender body, centrally located nucleus, and sub-terminal kinetoplast.
4 citations
References
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641 citations
TL;DR: It is believed that the choroid plexus is an important, probably the most important site of formation of an occult visceral phase of the sleeping sickness trypanosome.
Abstract: 1. 1. We have found amastigotes closely packed together with “white thrombus” in capillaries, in sections of the choroid plexus of rats which had been infected with a strain of Trypanosoma brucei isolated from man in Botswana. 2. 2. Amastigotes were found at 48 hours during the prepatent period, also when the infection was fully established after the relapse. 3. 3. Amastigotes and sphaeromastigotes, also trypomastigotes in different stages of “unrolling” were found in smears of the choroid plexus. 4. 4. Similar forms in smears of other organs tended to show signs of degeneration. 5. 5. We believe that the choroid plexus is an important, probably the most important site of formation of an occult visceral phase of the sleeping sickness trypanosome.
42 citations
19 citations