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Journal ArticleDOI

Li-ion battery recycling challenges

11 Nov 2021-Chem (Cell Press)-Vol. 7, Iss: 11, pp 2843-2847
TL;DR: In this article, the authors address the challenges of large-scale recycling of lithium-ion batteries and provide guidance toward solutions and future work, and present a solution to the problem.
About: This article is published in Chem.The article was published on 2021-11-11. It has received 40 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Battery recycling & Battery (electricity).
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2022-iScience
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors presented comprehensive discussions and insightful evaluations of both conventional electric vehicle (EV) batteries and the state-of-the-art battery technologies (such as all-solid-state, silicon-based, lithium-sulphur, metal-air batteries, etc.).

42 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Li-ion batteries (LIBs) can reduce carbon emissions by powering electric vehicles (EVs) and promoting renewable energy development with grid-scale energy storage, but they still heavily rely on fossil fuels at present, resulting in major environmental concerns as mentioned in this paper .
Abstract: Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) can reduce carbon emissions by powering electric vehicles (EVs) and promoting renewable energy development with grid‐scale energy storage. However, LIB production and electricity generation still heavily rely on fossil fuels at present, resulting in major environmental concerns. Are LIBs as environmentally friendly and sustainable as expected at the current stage? In the past 5 years, a skyrocketing growth of the EV market has been witnessed. LIBs have garnered huge attention from academia, industry, government, non‐governmental organizations, investors, and the general public. Tremendous volumes of LIBs are already implemented in EVs today, with a continuing, exponential growth expected for the years to come. When LIBs reach their end‐of‐life in the next decades, what technologies can be in place to enable second‐life or recycling of batteries? Herein, life cycle assessment studies are examined to evaluate the environmental impact of LIBs, and EVs are compared with internal combustion engine vehicles regarding environmental sustainability. To provide a holistic view of the LIB development, this Perspective provides insights into materials development, manufacturing, recycling, legislation and policy, and beyond. Last but not least, the future development of LIBs and charging infrastructures in light of emerging technologies are envisioned.

33 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , a flame-retardant localized high-concentration electrolyte with retentive solvation configuration and relatively weakened anion-coordination and non-solvating fluorinated ether was tailored in situ.

30 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the necessity for battery recycling is first discussed from several different aspects, and various recycling technologies that are currently used, such as pyrometric and hydrometallurgical methods, are summarized and evaluated.
Abstract: The overuse and exploitation of fossil fuels has triggered the energy crisis and caused tremendous issues for the society. Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), as one of the most important renewable energy storage technologies, have experienced booming progress, especially with the drastic growth of electric vehicles. To avoid massive mineral mining and the opening of new mines, battery recycling to extract valuable species from spent LIBs is essential for the development of renewable energy. Therefore, LIBs recycling needs to be widely promoted/applied and the advanced recycling technology with low energy consumption, low emission, and green reagents needs to be highlighted. In this review, the necessity for battery recycling is first discussed from several different aspects. Second, the various LIBs recycling technologies that are currently used, such as pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods, are summarized and evaluated. Then, based on the challenges of the above recycling methods, the authors look further forward to some of the cutting‐edge recycling technologies, such as direct repair and regeneration. In addition, the authors also discuss the prospects of selected recycling strategies for next‐generation LIBs such as solid‐state Li‐metal batteries. Finally, overall conclusions and future perspectives for the sustainability of energy storage devices are presented in the last chapter.

26 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
22 Feb 2022-Energies
TL;DR: In this article , the authors summarized the recycling technologies for lithium batteries discussed in recent years, such as pyrometallurgy, acid leaching, solvent extraction, electrochemical methods, chlorination technology, ammoniation technology, and combined recycling, and presented some views on the future research direction of lithium batteries.
Abstract: With the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry in recent years, the use of lithium batteries is growing rapidly. From 2015 to 2040, the production of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles could reach 0.33 to 4 million tons. It is predicted that a total of 21 million end-of-life lithium battery packs will be generated between 2015 and 2040. Spent lithium batteries can cause pollution to the soil and seriously threaten the safety and property of people. They contain valuable metals, such as cobalt and lithium, which are nonrenewable resources, and their recycling and treatment have important economic, strategic, and environmental benefits. Estimations show that the weight of spent electric vehicle lithium-ion batteries will reach 500,000 tons in 2020. Methods for safely and effectively recycling lithium batteries to ensure they provide a boost to economic development have been widely investigated. This paper summarizes the recycling technologies for lithium batteries discussed in recent years, such as pyrometallurgy, acid leaching, solvent extraction, electrochemical methods, chlorination technology, ammoniation technology, and combined recycling, and presents some views on the future research direction of lithium batteries.

17 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
06 Nov 2019-Nature
TL;DR: The current range of approaches to electric-vehicle lithium-ion battery recycling and re-use are outlined, areas for future progress are highlighted, and processes for dismantling and recycling lithium-ions from scrap electric vehicles are outlined.
Abstract: Rapid growth in the market for electric vehicles is imperative, to meet global targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, to improve air quality in urban centres and to meet the needs of consumers, with whom electric vehicles are increasingly popular. However, growing numbers of electric vehicles present a serious waste-management challenge for recyclers at end-of-life. Nevertheless, spent batteries may also present an opportunity as manufacturers require access to strategic elements and critical materials for key components in electric-vehicle manufacture: recycled lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles could provide a valuable secondary source of materials. Here we outline and evaluate the current range of approaches to electric-vehicle lithium-ion battery recycling and re-use, and highlight areas for future progress. Processes for dismantling and recycling lithium-ion battery packs from scrap electric vehicles are outlined.

1,333 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the hazards associated with primary lithium and lithium-ion cells, with an emphasis on the role played by chemistry at individual cell level, are reviewed, together with safety tests to monitor compliance with battery safety regulations and standards.

513 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
20 Nov 2019-Joule
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the necessity for EOL recycling is underpinned by leveraging fluctuating material costs, uneven distribution and production, and the transport situation, and suggest potential improvements in the process through mutual efforts from academia, industry, and governments.

428 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the current state of the lithium ion battery manufacturing supply chain, addressed some issues associated with battery end-of-life, and shed light on the importance of recycling from the environmental and value chain perspectives.

216 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Xiaotu Ma1, Mengyuan Chen1, Bin Chen1, Zifei Meng1, Yan Wang1 
TL;DR: In this paper, Li-ion batteries have attracted wide attention due to their wide usage in portable electronics, electric vehicles, and grid storage, recycling and reusing them have attracted a wide attention.
Abstract: With the wide usage of Li-ion batteries (LIBs) in portable electronics, electric vehicles, and grid storage, recycling and reusing LIBs have attracted wide attention. However, due to the low added ...

104 citations

Trending Questions (2)
What are the main challenges of ML in Li ion battery and how to overcome those?

The provided paper does not mention any challenges of machine learning (ML) in Li-ion battery recycling or how to overcome them.

What are the challenges of proton carriers in the Li-NRR?

The given text does not provide any information about proton carriers in the Li-NRR.