Journal ArticleDOI
Liberation/Emancipation, Economic Marginalization, or Less Chivalry
Steven Box,Chris Hale +1 more
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TLDR
In this article, the effects of economic marginalization or less chivalrous treatment by the public, police, or courts toward female suspects on female criminal behavior were investigated. But they did not test simultaneously for the effects on female conviction rates.Abstract:
The alleged criminogenic nature of female liberation/emancipation has been tested recently by numerous North American researchers. Not only did the results lead them to different conclusions, but they did not test simultaneously for the effects on female conviction rates of increasing economic marginalization or less chivalrous treatment by the public, police, or courts toward female suspects. Data relating to England and Wales for 1951-1980 are used to test these competing explanations for changes in female criminality. The results give little support to the emancipation/liberation causes female crime hypothesis, but do provide limited support for the marginalization thesis. However, changes in social labelling appear to have a significant impact on female conviction rates, suggesting that previous researches omitting this possibility were seriously deficient. The authors suggest further research on actual women's lives and behavioral responses as a means of testing the effects of liberation/emancipation and marginalization on female criminal behavior.read more
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Time series analysis
TL;DR: A ordered sequence of events or observations having a time component is called as a time series, and some good examples are daily opening and closing stock prices, daily humidity, temperature, pressure, annual gross domestic product of a country and so on.
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Gender and Crime: A General Strain Theory Perspective
Lisa Broidy,Robert Agnew +1 more
TL;DR: This paper applied Agnew's general strain theory (GST) to two fundamental questions about gender and crime: (1) How can we explain the higher rate of crime among males? (2) Why females engage in crime?
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Class in the Household: A Power-Control Theory of Gender and Delinquency.
TL;DR: In this paper, a power-control theory of common delinquent behavior developed by Hagan, Gillis, and Simpson in 1985 is extended by bringing the class analysis of delinquency into the household, using a new model of class relations based on the relative positions of husbands and wives in the workplace.
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Feminist theory, crime, and justice*
TL;DR: Feminist research has expanded beyond its origins in Women's Studies to influence the more traditionally bounded academic disciplines as discussed by the authors, and criminology has not been immune to these excursions.
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Trends in the gender gap in violent offending: new evidence from the national crime victimization survey*
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared male and female trends in violent offending in Uniform Crime Report (UCR) arrest data with similar trends derived from victims' reports in the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) and draw different conclusions.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Application of Least Squares Regression to Relationships Containing Auto-Correlated Error Terms
D. Cochrane,G. H. Orcutt +1 more
TL;DR: Evidence is presented showing that the error terms involved in most current formulations of economic relations are highly positively autocorrelated and it is demonstrated that when estimates of autoregressive properties of error terms are based on calculated residuals there is a large bias towards randomness.
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Gender, Police Arrest Decisions, and Notions of Chivalry
TL;DR: In this article, the extent of preferential treatment for female offenders during arrest has been a neglected topic in research on female criminality, and the existence of chivalrous treatment of female offenders in the initial stages of criminal processing was explored.
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Assessing the Impact of the Women's Movement on Sex-Based Differences in the Handling of Adult Criminal Defendants
TL;DR: In this article, five factors are suggested as helping to account for the apparently consistent finding of preferential treatment (though of small magnitude) of female defendants across most offense categories, including chivalry, naivete, practicality, defendants' perceived future criminality, and the perceived danger associated with defendants.
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Sex Differences in Patterns of Adult Crime, 1965–77: A Review and Assessment
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined current conceptions of sex differences in adult crime trends and assessed continued differences in female relative to male criminality, concluding that women are catching up with males in the commission of masculine, violent, serious, male dominated and white-collar types of crime.